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Towarowy transport samochodowy na Ukrainie w latach 2004-2013. Cz. II – wyniki działalności

Wojcieszak A., Wojcieszak Ł., Brudz M.

Magazyn Autostrady

2016

Nr 7

58--62

Tekst jest kontynuacją artykułu z nr. 6/2016 „MAU”. W tej części artykułu opisane zostaną współczynniki demograficzne i infrastrukturalne transportu samochodowego oraz średnia odległość przewozów na Ukrainie. Zostanie również poruszone zagadnienie bezpieczeństwa ruchu drogowego.

Over the last decade the transportation system of Ukraine has undergone a serious crisis. The loss of the access to five seaports and two airports in the Crimea, blocking and blowing up the tracks of the railway line to Donetsk (accounting for 45% of freight traffic), the loss of the eastern borders, and thus closing the pan -European road corridors passing through Ukraine, have almost completely blocked the development of the transportation industry in this country. In addition to external factors and catastrophic infrastructure, numerous internal contradictions of the system also have contributed to the weakening of the Ukraine transport, which have had a direct impact on the stagnation of the transportation industry, and in the future may lead to the loss of the transit potential of the country. The main barrier to the development, which results in a real threat of shaking the stability of the industry, is the lack of balance between the processes of simple and expanded reproduction of fixed assets. Technical resources (infrastructure, rolling stock) are one of the greatest values in the economics of the market, and those resources in Ukraine were developed mostly in the Soviet era and have been exploited so heavily that they need massive long-term investments. Unfortunately, the potential of the state is very limited at present and enterprises’ own funds have been exhausted.

Finansowanie dróg lokalnych na przykładzie gminy Kołbaskowo

Kwarciński T.

Zeszyty Naukowe. Problemy Transportu i Logistyki / Uniwersytet Szczeciński

2014

Nr 28

143--160

[...]Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie głównych źródeł finansowania infrastruktury transportu samochodowego na poziomie lokalnym na przykładzie jednej z gmin wiejskich województwa zachodniopomorskiego. Analiza porównawcza została przeprowadzona na podstawie informacji zawartych w sprawozdaniach budżetowych dla lat 2010-2014.[...]

The basic transport network, which serves the transport needs of rural residents consists of municipal and county roads. It should be noted, however, that from the point of view of traffic density, despite their dominant share in the structure of roads in Poland, they are not too intensively used. For comparison, national roads, which in Poland are about 5 % of all roads, serve the vast majority of transportation needs. Highlighting the main sources of financing of road transport infrastructure in Poland, it is worth noting the expenses incurred for this purpose by the local (municipalities and counties), provincial governments and state. Expenditures incurred on road transport infrastructure may be of a current character linked with the maintenance of transport infrastructure and property (investment) associated with the modernization and construction of new road sections . Financing infrastructure of local roads (by the local governments and the counties) is commonly associated with its modernization. The development of municipal and county road network is also implemented by the provincial governments with the support of the Regional Operational Programmes and their own resources. Another source of financing the development of local roads in Poland is the state. An example can be the implemented, since 2008, the National Program of reconstruction of local roads. The essence of the program is the improvement of safety on local roads and a better connection to the national and provincial roads.