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Inwentarze ekonomiczne z przełomu XVIII i XIX wieku jako źródło do odtworzenia infrastruktury budowlanej miast

Ślusarek Krzysztof, Dolinovskyi Volodymyr

Wiadomości Konserwatorskie

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2021

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Nr 67

35--48

PL

W artykule omówiono wykorzystanie inwentarzy ekonomicznych z przełomu XVIII i XIX w. do badań nad odtworzeniem infrastruktury budowlanej miast. Zagadnienie przedstawiono na podstawie analizy kilkudziesięciu inwentarzy miast i miasteczek z obszaru I i III zaboru austriackiego, m.in. Jezupola, Markopola, Mielnicy, Niżniowa, Obertyna, Opoczna, Pacanowa, Pińczowa, Przecławia, Sasowa, Toporowa, Zabłotowa i Zaleszczyk. Tekst składa się z trzech części. Pierwsza omawia konstrukcję inwentarzy ekonomicznych i szczegółowo charakteryzuje zawartość ich elementów (ogólny opis dóbr i zabudowań, wykaz gruntów, wyszczególnienie osiadłości i mieszkańców, opis powinności poddańczych i sumariusza intraty). W drugiej na dwóch przykładach (Zaleszczyki i Pińczów) przedstawiono sposób interpretacji i wykorzystania inwentarzy do odtworzenia infrastruktury budowlanej miast. Część ostatnia zawiera garść praktycznych wskazówek na temat miejsc przechowywania inwentarzy ekonomicznych z badanego obszaru.

EN

This paper discusses the use of economic inventories from the end of the eighteenth and the beginning of the nineteenth century in research on the recreation of the architectural infrastructure of towns and cities. This subject has been presented on the basis of an analysis of several dozen inventories of cities and towns from the territory of the first and third Austrian partition, including Jezupol, Markopol, Mielnica, Niżniów, Obertyn, Opoczno, Pacanów, Pińczów, Przecław, Sasów, Toporów, Zabłotów and Zaleszczyki. This text consists of three sections. The first discusses the structure of economic inventories and offers a detailed characterization of their elements’ content (a general overview of a property, a description of buildings, land records, a residences and resident record, an overview of subject duties, an income summary). The second, based on two cases (Zaleszczyki and Pińczów), presents a method of inventory interpretation and use in recreating the architectural infrastructure of cities. The final section includes a handful of practical guidelines on the places where a given territory’s economic inventories are stored.

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Identification of the Key Causes and Measures to Prevent Building Collapses in Nigeria

Nwosu Chiemezie Chisom, Zima Krzysztof

Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports

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2021

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Vol. 31, no. 4

55--75

EN

Buildings collapse in the Nigerian major urban cities continues to engender an excessive number of fatalities, injuries and property damage. The collapse of building infrastructure, though prominent in developing economies, is a worldwide issue. Building developments collapse at the construction stages and in some cases after commissioning. Examples abound in recent times in Abuja and Lagos. The major problem is the unquantifiable resources wasted when building construction development collapses. If the answer to this endemic problem is proper project management, it becomes imperative to institutionalize its activities in Nigeria. Building Collapse is an occurrence that has been notorious over the decades. It is caused by many factors which have their great impact on the lives and properties of man. This study reviews current causes in the building industry. In view of this development, this study is aimed at demonstrating how real estate project management strategy helps in building collapse. Data from the primary source were basically from the designed instrument, which were distributed to the population of 100 professionals in the building industries. In this paper, it was concluded that the key causes of building collapse are weak/faulty foundations, inefficient stringent quality control in material utilization, and management, boycotting the professionals, absence of proper site investigation, the absence of proper site investigation and the engagement of inexperienced personnel. The aim of the study was to identify the factors influencing the occurrence of construction disasters in Nigeria in order to prevent them in the future. However, the analysis of the results gathered, reveal that, there was variance in opinions, as to the causes of building collapse among professionals in an attempt to exonerate themselves from the blame for building collapse. These were classified as the areas in the building sector that were prone to building collapse. Therefore, this study claims that the above-listed causes of building collapse are predominant in the Nigerian construction industry.

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Knowledge intensive technologies for advanced training of specialists in construction and housing and utilities infrastructure

Shubin I. L., Karpov D. V., Rimshin V. I., Sokolova A. G.

Budownictwo o Zoptymalizowanym Potencjale Energetycznym

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2017

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nr 2(20)

51--56

EN

The present paper is concerned with the tasks of arrangement of the conditions for technology intensive, innovative and effective development of construction industry. The issues of advanced training and retraining of specialists in construction industry and housing and utilities infrastructure have been thoroughly studied and analysed. The new innovative approaches to improvement of intelligent potential of specialists and senior officials have been proposed to meet the up-to-date requirements. The main tendencies and trends for further development of professional education in the Russian Federation have been set out and verified for the next few years.

PL

Niniejszy artykuł dotyczy warunków i zadań, jakie stoją przed instytucjami edukacyjnymi przygotowującymi specjalistów branży budowlanej do wdrażania innowacyjnych, efektywnych, zaawansowanych technologii. Wnikliwie zbadano i przeanalizowano kwestie wdrożenia szkoleń i przekwalifikowania specjalistów w zakresie inwestycji budowlanych, infrastruktury mieszkaniowej, przemysłowej i użyteczności publicznej. Zaproponowano nowe innowacyjne podejście do poprawy wiedzy i umiejętności specjalistów oraz kadry kierowniczej, tak aby mogli sprostać aktualnym wymaganiom i rozwiązaniom technicznym. Określono i zweryfikowano główne kierunki i trendy rozwoju profesjonalnego szkolenia zawodowego w Federacji Rosyjskiej.