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1

Technical safety considerations for construction sites

Obolewicz J., Baryłka A., Szota M., Rychlik A.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 115, nr 1

33--41

EN

Purpose: The article introduces the issue of technical safety, characterises selected activities that create hazards on construction sites and suggests ways to eliminate them. Findings: Knowledge of reliability is essential to carry out construction works. The need for the structural engineer to consider safety issues and the obligation to have a general knowledge of safety and technical safety arises. Knowledge of technical safety allows for the proper execution of works on site. Research limitations/implications: The level of safety on a construction site depends on many factors, and a significant group of these are technical factors that determine the possibility of adverse events occurring. Practical implications: Safety is defined as a state that provides a sense of certainty and a guarantee that it will be maintained and an opportunity for improvement. The level of safety on a construction site depends on many factors, and a significant group of these are technical factors that determine the possibility of adverse events occurring. The possibility of adverse events occurring is called unreliability. It is the opposite concept of the reliability, which is more commonly used in the construction industry. Originality/value: A useful tool for ensuring technical safety on construction sites is the Health and Safety Plan or HSE Plan, and the Instructions for the Safe Execution of Work - IBWR instructions. Those documents are intended to protect the health and lives of workers by providing information on how to prevent hazards associated with the execution of certain construction work and how to deal with them should they occur.

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Formation of the attitudes and behaviours of employees in the context of safe operation of buildings on the example of the University of Agribusiness in Lomza

Obolewicz J., Baryłka A., Szota M., Oźga K.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 115, nr 2

64--74

EN

Purpose: The issue of shaping the attitude of employee involvement in an organisation is a relatively new area of scientific interest. Shaping employees' attitudes, understood as a conscious influence to consolidate or change them so that they are conducive to the safe operation of building objects, should be of significant importance for any organisation. Attitude is related to behaviour, the most elementary form of human activity, which is externally observable. Design/methodology/approach: Statistical analysis. Findings: The issue of shaping organisational attitudes and behaviours is related to the need to consider the factors that trigger the change process. It is important to diagnose whether the engine of change is the person with a specific attitude or elements from his environment. Research limitations/implications: The article presents a theoretical introduction and the results of diagnostic tests. It proposes actions shaping the attitudes and behaviour of employees regarding the safe operation of buildings, based on the example of the University of Agribusiness in Lomza. Practical implications: The classical approach to the safety of buildings focuses primarily on the technical and engineering side of the building. Planners, designers, contractors, and users of buildings strive to make them the least hazardous to health and life, especially during the operation of the building. At the same time, it is important to bear in mind that safe operation is influenced by the behaviour of facility users, as they are the weakest link in management. Consequently, this is where the reserves for raising the health and safety of building users to a higher level still lie. Originality/value: One of the main factors significantly influencing how an individual will behave when placed in a risky situation is how they perceive the risks involved. People's beliefs about various things can influence their behaviour more strongly than objective reality. To activate the reserves hidden in human behaviour to improve the safety level of buildings, it is necessary to fully recognise the causes and mechanisms that lead users to risky actions. Those behaviours allow the application of appropriate training and supervision methods, and more broadly of management methods, which would induce users to behave safely and to react consciously, directly or indirectly, to emerging risks during the operation of the works.

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Parallel models and applications of pollutant’s dispersion in the atmosphere in logistical industrial’s infrastructure expansion planning process

Majer M., Biniasz D.

Logistyka

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2014

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nr 6

6989--6998

EN

The following article contains information about computational efficiency’s increase possibilities during the logistical infrastructure expansion planning process problems connected with modeling of pollutants dispersion systems in the atmosphere. It also describes main types of pollutants, emission points and analysis of typical atmosphere pollutant dispersion models. It shows a way of using computer cluster systems and computers with multicore processors in modeling process and proper programming libraries for parallel computing. Finally it presents a possibility of environment’s protection method during the emission points’ location planning with calculation of minimal destructive influence on a specified area (for example with definite restrictions of air pollution level).

PL

Artykuł zawiera informacje dotyczące możliwości podniesienia efektywności obliczeniowej w logistycznym procesie planowania rozwoju infrastruktury przemysłowej związanym z modelowaniem rozprzestrzeniania się zanieczyszczeń w atmosferze. Opisano w nim również główne typy zanieczyszczeń, punktów emisji oraz analizę typowych atmosferycznych modeli rozprzestrzeniania się zanieczyszczeń. Artykuł wskazuje sposób wykorzystania klastrów komputerowych oraz komputerów wyposażonych w procesory wielordzeniowe w modelowaniu opisywanych zagadnień, a także wyboru odpowiednich bibliotek oprogramowania dla obliczeń równoległych. Dodatkowo zaprezentowano metodę ochrony środowiska podczas planowania rozmieszczenia punktów emisji polegającą na minimalizacji ich destrukcyjnego wpływu na określonym terenie (przykładowo regionie ze zdefiniowanymi normami poziomu zanieczyszczeń).

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Aspekty gospodarcze i finansowe budowy Systemu Obrony Powietrznej Polski

Klimiuk Zbigniew, Soroka Paweł

Wiedza Obronna

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2013

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nr 4

72--93

PL

Opracowanie przedstawia uwarunkowania gospodarcze budowy Systemu Obrony Powietrznej Polski., który jest największym i najbardziej kosztownym programem modernizacyjnym Sił Zbrojnych RP. Autorzy charakteryzują czynniki wzrostu gospodarczego mogące mieć wpływ na realizację projektu. Szczególnie dużo uwagi poświęcają sposobom jego finansowania, zarówno w warunkach wzrostu gospodarczego, co jasno reguluje ustawa o zmianie ustawy o przebudowie i modernizacji technicznej oraz finansowaniu Sił Zbrojnych RP, jak i w warunkach ewentualnego pogłębienia się kryzysu gospodarczego. W tym drugim przypadku wskazują na dodatkowe źródła finansowania projektu i towarzyszącej mu rozbudowy infrastruktury wojskowej i przemysłowej, które byłyby względnie niezależne od bieżącej koniunktury i gwarantowałyby skuteczne jego doprowadzenie do końca. Określają także kryteria wyboru partnerów zagranicznych, niezbędnych przy realizacji tego złożonego przedsięwzięcia oraz formułują postulat polonizacji elementów systemu pozyskiwanych od producentów zagranicznych. Ponadto, odwołując się do doświadczeń modernizacji polskiej armii i budowy Centralnego Okręgu Przemysłowego u schyłku II RP, autorzy opracowania ukazują możliwe efekty gospodarcze realizacji projektu.

EN

Authors of the study present economic conditions regarding the structure of the Air Defence System of Poland, which is the greatest and most expensive modernization program of Armed Forces of the Republic of Poland. In the study, the authors characterize factors of economic growth that are able to affect the projects implementation. Much attention is especially devoted to ways of financing the programme. One such way is financing it under the conditions of economic growth, which is clearly regulated by the Act amending the act on reshaping, technical modernization and financing of Armed Forces of the Republic of Poland. The second way is financing the programme under the conditions of possible deepening of the current economic crisis. In the second case, the authors point at additional sources of financing the project. Financing would be accompanied by extension of military and industrial infrastructure that would be relatively independent of the current economic situation, and would guarantee the project being effectively carried through. The authors also define criteria for the choice of foreign partners essential for the completion of this complex undertaking. In addition, the postulates of polonization of the system components acquired from foreign producers and manufacturers are formulated. Moreover, referring to past experience of the modernization of the Polish army and the structure of a Central Industrial Region at the close of the II Republic of Poland, the authors present possible economic effects of the project implementation today.