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Fate and Management of Pollution of Hexavalent Chromium Cr(VI) and Heavy Metals in the Zarqa River Basin in Jordan

Shammout Maisa'a W., Shatanawi Muhammad, Awwad Akl M.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 23, nr 2

108--115

EN

This paper focused on the fate of pollution and management of hexavalent chromium Cr(VI) and heavy metals in the Zarqa River Basin in Jordan. The Zarqa River basin was selected in this research because it contains the majority of Jordanian industries, which are the main source of pollutants including Cr(VI) and heavy metals. This will help in assisting water resource management organizations in decision making when coping with pollution. Industries related to sources and impacts of Cr(VI) and heavy metals were identified, and the administration measures were highlighted according to their role in improving water quality. An analysis of water samples along the Zarqa River was conducted between 2016-2019 to evaluate the heavy metals concentrations and compare the results with the Jordanian standards. Findings showed that Cr(VI) was below the allowable limits (<5 μg/l), and the heavy metals were within the allowed limits set forth in the Jordanian Standard. The ranges of water analysis values (μg/L) were; DO 4640–6480, Fe <40–80, Mn 20–128, Co <20–30, Pb 80–190, Zn 70–100, and Cu <80–190, Al 700–730, V <70–100, B <300–351, Si 1100–1800, Ni 30, and Cd <10. These findings indicated that the quality of the Zarqa River would not cause hazardous effects. However, this was not the case few years ago due the current protection measures. At present some industries have been relocated from the Zarqa Basin to an area that does not pose any environmental hazards, while the rest of industries remained in the basin, but they have established an on-site treatment plant for industrial waste under the control of Jordanian government, and the enforcement of the environmental protection law. These measures must be monitored and updated by decision makers in a sustainable manner to prevent any water pollution.

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Analysis of the Impact of Ferronicel Industrial Activity on Drenica River Quality

Abazi Albona Shala, Gashi Barie, Spahiu Mimoza Hyseni, Bytyçi Pajtim, Dreshaj Adem

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 23, nr 7

312--322

EN

Today, environmental water degradation all over the world comes about due to the growth of urban, industrial and agricultural activities. As a result of these discharges without any prior treatment, the quality of river waters in Kosovo has deteriorated greatly. On the basis of the research that has been done so far in the rivers of Kosovo, it was shown that Drenica is one of the rivers that are constantly exposed to the discharge of industrial waters. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to analyze the impact of water discharged from Feronikeli on the water quality of the Drenica River and the possibility of its protection. The realization of this study is focused on the evaluation of physico-chemical parameters of the water of the Drenica River, the content of heavy metals in the water, the analysis and comparison of the results obtained using the standard for the assessment of the ecological status of surface waters of Romania (GD 161). Laboratory assays were developed according to standard analysis methods (APHA). The results obtained, analyzed and compared with the values of the parameters according to the standard referred to in this research, confirm that the water of the Drenica River belongs to the class of water with “good quality” only in the source area, while in other flow stations river, especially in the third station S3 (Ferronikel industrial zone), water has “poor quality”, passing into the category of “very poor quality”. Therefore, in order to improve the current situation, it is recommended to apply the best environmental practices and proper management of industrial waste.

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Surface Water and Contamination Sources in Urban River Watersheds (Northern Portugal)

Antunes Margarida, Brás Ana Filipa, Marinho Paula

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

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2021

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Vol. 22, iss. 2

67--74

EN

The water quality is influenced by different factors, including land use, hydrological conditions, and anthropogenic activities. The identification of the contamination sources in the Vizela river and the potential effects on water quality will promote efficient watershed management. The spatial and temporal variability of surface water was analysed through the physicochemical parameters, including: temperature, pH, Total Dissolved Solids, electrical conductivity, redox potential, and chloride, fluoride, bromide, nitrite, nitrate, sulfate, and phosphate content. The microbiological parameters Escherichia coli and intestinal enterococci were monitored over time. The obtained results show that the water located downstream the Vizela river is the most contaminated, although there has been an improvement in the water quality over time. The microbiological values are higher than the Portuguese parametric values defined for human consumption, and often also for recreational water activities. Continuous spatial and temporal water monitorization including the physicochemical and microbiological parameters is recommended as a preventive and monitoring measure.