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2 Polish Journal of Ecology

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Impact of young shelterbelts on organic matter content and development of microbial and faunal communities of adjacent fields

Karg J., Kajak A., Ryszkowski L.

Polish Journal of Ecology

2003

Vol. 51, nr 3

283-290

The paper summarizes results of investigations done in 1999-2000 by several authors in Wielkopolska region, (western Poland) near Turew in young midfield shelterbelts and adjacent cereal fields. It was found that the soil organic matter content, as well as microbial and faunal biomass decrease gradually from the shelterbelt toward the field centre. The annual increase of carbon was assessed and possible sources of it (wind erosion, leaf fall, input of invertebrate faeces)considered. The results suggest, that excreta contribute significantly to total carbon input. The shelterbelts influence the biomass, density and composition of many soil and above-ground invertebrate taxa and individual size of animals occurring in bordering fields.

Effect of density on individual size and fertility in two species of weeds : Galinsoga ciliata Blake and Galinsoga parviflora Cav.

Dostatny D.

Polish Journal of Ecology

1999

Vol. 47, no 3

353-357

Fertility (=seed production) in Galinsoga species depends on the size of the individual. An individual produces many seeds in conditions of low density. If the population density of G. ciliata and G. parviflora increases, the production of seed by one individual decreases. In high density the size of individuals diminished. The population density of the stands in the vicinity of farms is high. Due to the high density, these stands are characterised by high seed production per square metre. The greater is the distance from the farms, the lower is the density and seed production per square metre.