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Indirect estimation of black carbon concentration in traffic site based on other pollutants : time variability analysis

Kamińska Joanna A., Kazak Jan K.

Journal of Water and Land Development

2023

no. 58

1--10

Aiming to create more sustainable cities it is necessary to understand and manage different ecological factors which influence human health. One of such factors is black carbon (BC) in atmosphere, which currently is not commonly monitored by environmental monitoring systems. The aim of this research was to estimate by indirect approach the relation between eBC (equivalent of black carbon) concentration and other air pollutants in order to define approximate level of eBC in more efficient approach. The study was conducted in Wrocław (Poland) in October 2021, and combined data on eBC concentration (measured by microaethalometer), air quality (from national environmental monitoring system) and traffic (from municipal traffic management system). Quantile regression was used to assess the relationship between the concentrations of pollutants. The obtained results show that for rise 1 mg∙m-3 of carbon monoxide, eBC concentration rise between 4.2 and 8.0 μg∙m-3, depending on the period of a day. Precision of eBC concentration evaluation is influenced by sun light which results in higher precision of defining a scaling factor for night hours. Outcomes of this study constitute an added value to understanding of interconnections between different factors describing environmental conditions in cities and might be helpful for more effective environmental assessment of human habitats.

Assessment Of Marine Engines Torque Load Without Using Of The Torquemeter

Chybowski L.

Journal of Polish CIMAC

2008

Vol. 3, no 1

9-13

One of the aspects of marine engine operation is defining its torque load. It is crucial for both the general estimation of the engine working parameters value reflecting the engine’s operational condition and for comparing its current condition with the previous one (recorded during the last check of the engine performance) or its state during the trials at the engine test bed. In the paper there have been analyzed the well known and recommended by marine engine manufacturers methods of estimating marine engine torque load without any torquemeter used, based exclusively on measurable working parameters of marine engines. To most marine engines the above mentioned indirect methods apply since so far the systems of taking torque direct measure have been neither common nor standard engine room equipment. Methods based on parameters obtained during engine indicating (engine performance check), fuel rack setpoint or load indicator reading and turbocharger system working parameters have been presented. Example nomograms for engine torque load estimation for engines manufactured by famous makers have been shown. Some of the methods have been compared based on parameters obtained during engine performance check. Discussion on the advantages and disadvantages presented methods has been presented.