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Using Locata to augment GNSS in a kinematic urban environment

Bonenberg L., Roberts G., Hancock C.

Archiwum Fotogrametrii, Kartografii i Teledetekcji

2011

Vol. 22

63--74

GNSS has become one of the most widespread measurement technologies, widely used in GIS, mobile mapping applications and civil engineering. Utilisation of differential techniques offers cm-level positioning accuracy. Identified drawbacks are the requirement for line of sight to the satellites and accuracy dependent on the geometric distribution of the satellites. Especially the latter is paramount for any surveying or mobile mapping application in the urban environment. The utilisation of additional constellations (GLONASS, GALILEO or COMPASS) only partly mitigates the problem. Locata is an Australian terrestrial positioning technology, based on the pseudolite concept. It’s unique in its utilisation of the 2.4GHz ISM band and proprietary TimeLoc procedure, allowing for network synchronisation at the nanosecond level. This paper focuses on the tight integration of GNSS with Locata, in order to address the described drawbacks and to provide cm level positioning in areas currently “difficult” for GNSS – such as urban canyons. This paper describes the intended deployment and utilisation of the integrated system in the typical urban environment where availability of GPS can be limited or even non-existent, depending on the time and location. The verification of the integration methods has been carried out using simulated GPS and Locata data. Also presented is an application simulation in a typical urban canyon environment (Canary Wharf, London, UK) using proprietary software developed at the University of Nottingham. Simulation of the proposed integration algorithms, using a real life scenario, has shown promising results with centimetre-level positioning accuracy on the moving platform. The algorithm provides code ambiguity estimation for both Locata and GPS on-the-fly, without prior knowledge of the position, providing predominantly 3D position on the cm level.

Nanoinżyneria rolnicza

Rzeźnik Cz.

Journal of Research and Applications in Agricultural Engineering

2009

Vol. 54, nr 2

91-94

Określenia poprzedzone przedrostkiem nano początkowo dotyczyły tylko różnych jednostek miar i określały, że jednostka z przedrostkiem nano stanowi 10-9 jednostki podstawowej. Obecnie pojawiają się one w wielu dziedzinach. Rozpoczęło się od nanotechnologii a potem były nanomedycyna, nanonauka itp. Przedrostek ten określa obszary wymagające dużych dokładności. Inżynieria rolnicza jako dyscyplina naukowa też będzie rozwiązywać wiele problemów naukowych w obszarze nano, stąd tytuł pracy nanoinżynieria rolnicza. Przedstawiono w niej istotę nano, efekty płynące z jej wykorzystania oraz potencjalne obszary zastosowań w inżynierii rolniczej.

Definitions with the prefix nano initially regarded only to measure units and defined, that the size preceeded by it makes up 10-9 the basic individual. Nowadays they appear in many fields of the science. It began front nanotechnology and afterwards it was used in nanomedicine and nanoscience etc. This prefix defines the fields in which large exactitudes are used. Agricultural engineering as the scientific discipline can also solve many scientific problems in the area nano, front here the title of the work agricultural nanoengineering. Essence of nano, effects flowing from her utilization and the potential areas of its use in agricultural engineering were introduced in the work.