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1

Physico-Chemical and Biological Characteristics of the Oum Er Rbia Estuary (North Atlantic Moroccan Coast) – Impact of Urban Wastewater

Bengriche Rachida, Bouchafra El Mostafa, Chaouite Jamila, Nafia Mohammed, Moncef Mohammed

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2024

|

Vol. 25, nr 1

1--16

EN

This study aimed to monitor abiotic factors at three stations in the Oum Er Rbia estuary, not far from the mouth. The stations were situated upstream (S1), in front (S2) and downstream (S3) from the discharge of urban wastewater from the town of Azemmour, which is discharged directly without treatment near the estuary mouth. The selection of these stations appeared appropriate to assessing the quality of the waters, which are influenced by both marine hydrodynamics resulting from very low freshwater inflows and sewage discharges. Monitoring of several parameters, including temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, salinity, turbidity, as well as the content of chlorophyll α and pheopigments, enabled the examination of the impact of marine hydrodynamics and the and the specific characteristics of the three surveyed stations. The analyses were performed using R software version 4.2.0. The results obtained indicate that the studied physico-chemical and biological parameters exhibited variations with significant correlations. Statistical approaches allowed the determination of profiles for stations S1, S2 and S3. It is evident that S1 (located slightly far from the discharge) showed a profile that tended to differ from the other two stations, S2 and S3, especially for certain parameters (temperature, pH, turbidity, and chlorophyll a). On the other hand, all stations were impacted to some extent by the discharge of wastewater during rising tides. The present study can serve as an assessment tool to support decision-making regarding the physico-chemical quality of the waters of the Oum Er Rbia estuary.

2

Airport as a factor shaping the socio-economic situation in the municipality in a changing reality

Piotrowska-Trybull Marzena, Kozuba Jarosław, Sirko Stanisław

Zeszyty Naukowe. Transport / Politechnika Śląska

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2023

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z. 121

167--188

EN

Airports, as a component of air transport, combine air transport with other modes of transport to strengthen the transportation accessibility of a place in space, attract investors, and stimulate the development of the area. Taking into account that these issues are less exposed in relation to their immediate surroundings, research was undertaken to determine how representatives of the authorities and residents of communes (taking into account the nature of the communes and the size and location of the airport) perceive airports, located within their communes, in the context of their impact on the socio-economic situation in the communes. This was achieved by analysing the communes' strategic documents and data on the operation of communes and airports from 2016 to 2021. These data were obtained from the Civil Aviation Authority, the Central Statistical Office, the International Air Transport Association, and the International Airports Council. In an effort to better understand the relationship between the airport and the commune in which it is located, poll research was carried out using survey and interview techniques. The research focused on 10 airports spread across Poland. A total of 1,200 surveys were conducted among residents of communes, and 10 interviews were conducted with representatives of local governments and the port. To analyse the collected data and present the results, Statistica v.13.3 and R/RStudio software were used.

3

Novel energy-absorbing auxetic sandwich panel with detached corrugated aluminium layers

Al-Rifaie Hasan

Vibrations in Physical Systems

|

2023

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Vol. 34, nr 2

art. no. 2023215

EN

Sandwich panels have the potential to serve as plastically deforming sacrificial structures that can absorb blast or impact energies. Auxetic sandwich panels with welded or bolted corrugated layers have, as far as the author is aware, had their blast behaviour thoroughly addressed in the literature. Therefore, the objective of this numerical analysis was to create a novel, low-cost, simple-to-build graded sandwich panel with detached corrugated layers that may be employed as a multi-purpose sacrificial protective structure against a wide range of blast threats. The suggested sandwich panel has overall dimensions of 330x330x150mm and is made of six detached aluminium (AL6063-T4) layers enclosed in a steel (Weldox 460E) frame. With different stepwise plate thicknesses of 0.4, 0.8, and 1.2mm for each pair of layers, the six layers all have the same re-entrant auxetic geometry. Utilising the Abaqus/Explicit solver, the numerical analysis was carried out. A wide variety of blast intensities (4, 7, 11, 13, and 16 MPa peak reflected over-pressures) were tested on the suggested auxetic sandwich panel, and the results showed uniform progressive collapse, a superior decrease in reaction forces, and greater energy dissipation compared to comparable non-auxetic topologies. The innovative sandwich panel design has potential uses for both military and civic structures that need to be protected.

4

Vibroacoustic Helicopter Impact on Elevated Helipad

Cieślak Sławomir, Krzymień Wiesław

Transactions on Aerospace Research

|

2023

|

Nr 1 (270)

1--9

EN

A helicopter landing and taking off on an elevated helipad is a source of noise that affects the environment and causes vibrations of the landing pad or the building infrastructure. Vibrations are also excited by the air stream flowing through the main rotor and transferred to the landing pad by contact of the helicopter chassis. Vibrations are transferred to the building through the structure of the helipad. Depending on the damping properties of the structure and the vibro-isolating elements used, vibrations can be felt in rooms used by people and also transmitted to devices located in the building. The subject of the study described in this paper is the vibroacoustic effects of an EC-135 helicopter on an elevated landing pad during landing, standstill with the propulsion system engaged and take-off. Measurements of vibrations and noise were made at points located both on the landing pad and in the building. The paper presents selected results of measurements in various phases of flight and helicopter manoeuvres. The frequency analyses of the fragment of the measurement data for the flight phase, in which the highest levels of impact were recorded, were also performed and included. The results are presented as graphs and annotated.

5

Assessment of the Impact of a Recultivated Landfill on the Soil Environment

Pusz Agnieszka, Wiśniewska Magdalena, Rogalski Dominik, Staśkiewicz Marcin

Journal of Ecological Engineering

|

2023

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Vol. 24, nr 12

407--418

EN

Recultivated landfills, despite remedial actions, may pose a threat to human health and the environment, and therefore require long-term monitoring. The aim of the work was to investigate the impact of recultivation treatments on changes in the physical and chemical properties of soils in the vicinity of a landfill for waste other than hazardous and neutral. In order to carry out the work, drillings were made around the tested landfill, from which samples were taken and selected physical and chemical properties were determined, including substances causing risks that are particularly important for the protection of the earth’s surface. The tested soils were characterized by a neutral and alkaline reaction and a high degree of saturation of the sorption complex with exchangeable basic cations after the use of dust and ash as a recultivation material. Leaks and leachate accumulation were found in the northern part of the facility. The permissible metal contents for industrial areas (group IV) and forest areas (group III) were not exceeded. In the northern part of the landfill area, the permissible content of cadmium was exceeded, while in the southern part, the permissible content of zinc, lead and cadmium was exceeded for agricultural areas (group II). The use of dust and ashes for the recultivation of the landfill in its southern part limited the migration of pollutants deeper into the profile and resulted in an improvement in the physical and chemical properties of the tested soils. The conclusion stated that there is a need to undertake further remediation activities and monitoring studies in order to minimize potential migration of pollutants into the soil and water environment, posing a threat to human health and the environment.

6

Impact of Waste on the Quality of Water Resources – Case Study of Taza City, Morocco

Abouabdallah Amina, El Hammoudani Yahya, Dimane Fouad, Haboubi Khadija, Rhayour Khadija, Benaissa Chaimae

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

|

2023

|

Vol. 24, iss. 9

170--182

EN

The ultimate purpose behind this study is to assess the quality of water surface of Oued Inaouen and its tributaries and some underground stations before and after discharge of the city of Taza. It addresses the leachate of the unauthorized landfill of Taza which is a source of nuisance that adds to the many problems of contamination of the surrounding environment if they are not treated before discharge. This survey explains how the landfill can affect the quality of water resources near the city of Taza, represented by the main tributaries of the watershed of Oued Inaouen by determining the main parameters indicators of pollution, and to study the possibilities of contamination of groundwater and surface water by infiltration or flow of leachate. Physico-chemical results show high concentrations of organic matter, the BOD5 /COD ratio indicating a biodegradable organic fraction. As far as mineral pollution is concerned, high contents of NH4+, NO3-, total phosphorus and Cl-, which explains the high conductivity values. Bacteriological analyses show significant quantities of coliforms and fecal streptococci. For the evaluation of the pollution of groundwater and surface water, the results obtained are translated by the presence of a significant contamination that differs from one point to another. To evaluate the pollution of groundwater and water surface, the results obtained are translated by the presence of a significant contamination that differs from one point to another.

7

Influence of Water-Jet on Micro-Formed Parts Process via Nano-Indentation and SEM Analysis

Quaisie James Kwasi, Yamba Philip, Mwinteribo Tabie Vitus, Akayeti Anthony, Kukurah Jamal-Deen, Mohammed Abdul-Hamid

Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal

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2023

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Vol. 17, no 2

353--361

EN

Based on the experimental study of cavitation water jet impact on microforming, a single round hole micro-die was used in this paper. The effect of different process parameters on the performance of 304 stainless steel foil was examined, which involves the nanometer hardness, and elastic modulus. The nano-indentation tester was used to test the nano-hardness of the formed part, and the performance of the workpiece before and after the impact was analyzed. The nano hardness and elastic modulus increased significantly with an increase in the incident pressure. When the incident pressure was 20 MPa and the impact time of 5 min, the hardness increased by at least 122%, and the elastic modulus increased by at least 76%. After the cavitation water jet shocked the metallic foil of the SEM analysis and the results indicated that, as the incident pressure increases, the surface morphology of the formed part changes from approximately spherical to spherical, and the spherical roundness increases. In addition, there were different degrees of defects at the bottom of the formed part, and as the incident pressure increased, the bottom defects became more and more obvious, from micro-cracks to micro-layer cracks.

8

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on real estate market in Cracow

Żabówka Rafał, Maciuk Kamil

Zeszyty Naukowe. Transport / Politechnika Śląska

|

2022

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z. 114

211--224

EN

The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Cracow real estate market. The data used in the study included transactions of purchase of flats and single-family houses. At the initial stage, the database was reduced by applying a four-step selection and outliers were removed. The data analysis included separate transactions for single-family houses and flats, 5 different types of charts were prepared for each type of real estate. The conducted research concerned: the analysis of the number of transactions in subsequent years, the share of the number of transactions in individual quarters, average transaction prices (for houses) or average prices per square meter (for flats), analysis of the number of transactions in individual districts, years and quarters, and a comparison of the number of contracts in individual quarters given years. The main conclusion drawn from the study is the significant impact of COVID-19 on the number of house and apartment purchase transactions, while the pandemic did not have a significant impact on the average prices in the analysed database.

9

Diagnostyka uszkodzeń żelbetowej, monolitycznej ściany w realizowanym budynku wielorodzinnym

Niedostatkiewicz Maciej, Majewski Tomasz

Materiały Budowlane

|

2022

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nr 11

25--28

PL

W artykule przedstawiono przypadek uszkodzenia żelbetowej monolitycznej ściany, do którego doszło podczas demontażu systemowych szalunków prefabrykowanych. Przedmiotowa ściana znajdowała się w hali garażowej wielorodzinnego budynku mieszkalnego. Nastąpiło wówczas gwałtowne zniszczenie demontowanego szalunku, a spadające płyty uderzyły w rozszalowywany fragment niedawno zabetonowanej ściany. W miejscach uderzenia przy górnej krawędzi ściany beton uległ wykruszeniu, a w górnej części ściana rozwarstwiła się na odcinku ~200 cm na grubości przekroju i pręty zbrojenia uległy wygięciu. Uszkodzenia oraz morfologia rys i pęknięć jednoznacznie wskazywały na brak spójności betonu na grubości i wysokości ściany. Nieznany był jednak zakres rozwarstwienia. W celu określenia zakresu występujących uszkodzeń, ich wpływu na bezpieczeństwo konstrukcji budynku oraz możliwości bezpiecznego kontynuowania prac budowlanych wykonano badania ultradźwiękowe oraz sklerometryczne ściany w obszarze uderzenia. Wyniki przeprowadzonych badań i pomiarów opisane zostały w artykule. Na podstawie przeprowadzonej analizy stanu istniejącego zaproponowano sposób naprawy części uszkodzonej ściany.

EN

The paper presents a case of damage to a monolithic reinforced concrete wall during assembly works. The wall in question was located in the garage hall of a multi-family residential building. During improperly conducted construction works related to the dismantling of the shuttering boards with the use of a crane, they broke rapidly, and the falling boards hit the recently concreted wall of the garage hall. As a result of the impact, the concrete wall delaminated at the length of ~200 cm in the middle of its thickness, the reinforcement bars bent, and concrete losses were visible at the upper edge. The scope of damage and the morphology of scratches and cracks indicated the lack of cohesion of the concrete in the thickness and height of the wall. In order to assess the extent of the damage, its impact on the safety of the building structure and the possibility of safe continuation of construction works, ultrasonic and sclerometric tests were performed, the results of which are discussed in the paper. Based on the obtained results, a repair method was proposed and the area of the wall requiring repair was determined.

10

Physico-Chemical Characterization of Medical Solid Waste Leachate: Case of the Hospital de l'Amitié of Nouakchott, Mauritania

Ammar Mohamed Bouna, Dick Brahim Ahmed, Sidi Yahya Maham Ould, Dieh H., Mohamed L. S., Lemine Y. M., Sadegh Vadly, Fekhaoui Mohamed

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 23, nr 8

181--186

EN

At the Hospital de l'Amitié, hospital waste corresponds to a mixture of waste assimilated to household waste and the waste from healthcare activities with infectious risks. In the context of hospital hygiene, the conducted study focuses on the impact of this hospital waste on the people of the Hospital de l'Amitié and the environment, and their handling of hospital waste (collection and transport). From an environmental point of view, the physico-chemical characterization of the leachate leaving submerged waste in three media (drinking water, distilled water and alcoholic distilled water) show high concentrations for most of the parameters studied. Physico-chemical characterization of solid waste from Hospital de l'Amitié in Nouakchott (Mauritania) was carried out from September to December 2020. The objective was to determine the value of 14 parameters (pH, temperature, turbidity, electrical conductivity, COD, BOD5, COD/BOD5, BOD5/COD, SS/BOD5, SS, nitrite, nitrate, sulfate and phosphorus), and improve the treatment method for this solid waste by immersing it in three different mediums (drinking water, distilled water and alcoholic distilled water). Among the 14 parameters, seven exceeded the Moroccan and WHO standards for medium 1, 2 and 3 respectively, conductivity (5340.00 μs/cm, 5820.00 μs/cm and 3550.00 μs/cm), BOD5 (122.00 mg/L, 106.00 mg/L and 142.00 mg/L), BOD5/COD (2.30, 1.93 and 2.88), SS (1000.00 mg/L, 600.00 mg/L and 600.00 mg/L), nitrite (0.91 mg/L, 25.00 mg/L and 45.00 mg/L), nitrate (210.00 mg/L, 200.00 mg/L and 110.00 mg/L) and sulfate (1000.00 mg/L, 2000.00 mg/L and 1000.00 mg/L). These results indicate the existence of toxic substances in these leachates that may impact the environment. In addition, the study proposes solid waste treatment from the Hospital de l'Amitié in Nouakchott (Mauritania) before its discharge into the natural environment. This observation is consolidated by the analyses carried out on the leachate of the waste immersed in three aqueous media (drinking water, distilled water and alcoholic distilled water).

11

Changing of Soil Properties under Drought and Saline Water Intrusion Conditions in Different Land-Use Patterns – A Case Study in the Ben Tre Province, Vietnam

Loi Le Tan, Minh Vo Quang, Duy Nguyen Ngoc

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2022

|

Vol. 23, nr 8

112--118

EN

The study aimed to assess the change of soil properties of land use patterns affecting drought and saline intrusion in the Ben Tre province during 2019–2020. Soil samples were taken, and the data on land use patterns of Rice, bare soil, Shrimp, and Coconut in three horizons were at 0–20 cm, 20–60 cm, and 60–100 cm. The analysis of soil pH, EC, organic matter, and bulk density was conducted to assess the changes in soil properties. The results showed that soil pH, EC, and salinity had to be slightly increased in 2020, but soil organic matter and bulk density were not changed. Therefore, the Ben Tre province’s drought and saline intrusion conditions had a negligible impact in general evaluation. However, it is necessary to perform more other studies to clarify the effects of drought and salinity.

12

Analysis of the Impact of Ferronicel Industrial Activity on Drenica River Quality

Abazi Albona Shala, Gashi Barie, Spahiu Mimoza Hyseni, Bytyçi Pajtim, Dreshaj Adem

Journal of Ecological Engineering

|

2022

|

Vol. 23, nr 7

312--322

EN

Today, environmental water degradation all over the world comes about due to the growth of urban, industrial and agricultural activities. As a result of these discharges without any prior treatment, the quality of river waters in Kosovo has deteriorated greatly. On the basis of the research that has been done so far in the rivers of Kosovo, it was shown that Drenica is one of the rivers that are constantly exposed to the discharge of industrial waters. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to analyze the impact of water discharged from Feronikeli on the water quality of the Drenica River and the possibility of its protection. The realization of this study is focused on the evaluation of physico-chemical parameters of the water of the Drenica River, the content of heavy metals in the water, the analysis and comparison of the results obtained using the standard for the assessment of the ecological status of surface waters of Romania (GD 161). Laboratory assays were developed according to standard analysis methods (APHA). The results obtained, analyzed and compared with the values of the parameters according to the standard referred to in this research, confirm that the water of the Drenica River belongs to the class of water with “good quality” only in the source area, while in other flow stations river, especially in the third station S3 (Ferronikel industrial zone), water has “poor quality”, passing into the category of “very poor quality”. Therefore, in order to improve the current situation, it is recommended to apply the best environmental practices and proper management of industrial waste.

13

Uwarunkowania projektowania obudowy tunelu TBM w Świnoujściu

Mikulski Patryk

Inżynieria i Budownictwo

|

2022

|

R. 78, nr 3-4

154--156

PL

W artykule opisano ogólne uwarunkowania projektowania obudowy tunelu oraz zagadnienia budowlane związane z geometrią segmentów i zbrojeniem włóknem rozproszonym na przykładzie projektu i budowy tunelu drogowego w Świnoujściu.

EN

This technical paper focuses on general design requirements of the segmental lining as well as construction issues related to the segments geometry and steel fiber reinforcement in relation to design and construction of tunnel Świnoujście road project.

14

The Risk Mapping of Coastal Flooding Areas Due to Tsunami Wave Run-Up Using DAS Model and its Impact on Nekor Bay (Morocco)

Taher Morad, Mourabit Touafik, El Talibi Hajar, Etebaai Issam, Bourjila Abdelhak, Errahmouni Ali, Lamgharbaj Mastapha

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

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2022

|

Vol. 23, iss. 4

136--148

EN

The Al-Hoceima region is threatened by tsunami hazard because of its location in the coastal area of the Mediterranean Sea, besides the shallow seismically active region south of the Alboran Sea. Therefore, the current study presents a novel model to map coastal flooding potential zones due to tsunami wave run-up in Nekor bay using three natural parameters (distance from coastline, altitude and slope) in a geographic information system (GIS) environment. Furthermore, the coastal flooding simulation using 4 scénarios (1, 2, 3, 4m) based on the run-up elevation according to tsunami wave elevation (TWE) literature of the study area is used to confirm the DAS model result, and to estimate the potential impacts. The result of the DAS model revealed that 1 km from the coast to the Nekor plain is the most exposed to the impact of tsunamis generated south of the Alboran Sea. The coastal flooding simulation confirmed the DAS result, and the damage estimation of the urban area and the agriculture was respectively 2 and 98% for run-up 1 m, 3% and 97% for run-up 2m, 4% and 96% for run-up 3m, and for the worst case scenario of 4 m was 3% and 97%. Therefore, the results obtained show that the major potential impact of coastal flooding in Nekor plain is the salinization of agricultural land. Finally, we propose a sustainable solution utilizing a controlled forest along the coast to reduce future tsunami impacts on Nekor bay.

15

Impact Behavior of the Ballistic Targets Package Composed of Dyneema Polymer and High Entropy Alloy Structures

Voiculescu Ionelia, Geanta Victor, Chereches Tudor, Vizureanu Petrica, Stefanoiu Radu, Rotariu Adrian-Nicolae, Mitrica Dumitru

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

|

2022

|

Vol. 67, iss. 2

569--576

EN

Ballistic targets are multi-material assemblies that can be made of various materials, such as metal alloys, ceramics, and polymers. Their role is to provide collective or individual ballistic protection against high-speed dynamic penetrators or kinetic fragments. The paper presents the impact behavior with incendiary perforating bullets having 7.62 mm of ballistic packages made of combinations between Dyneema ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene and high entropy alloy from alloying system AlCoCrFeNi, by analyzing the dynamic phenomena (deformation, perforation) that take place at high speeds. The geometry evolution of the physical model subjected to numerical simulation allows a very good control over the discretization network and also allows the export for modeling to nonlinear transient phenomena. The results obtained by numerical simulation showed that the analyzed ballistic package does not allow sufficient protection for values of impact velocities over 500 m/sec.

16

Study of the impact of clicks and murmurs on cardiac sounds S1 and S2 through bispectral analysis

Baakek Yettou Nour El Houda, Debbal Imane, Hidayat Boudis, Debbal Sidi Mohammed El Amine

Polish Journal of Medical Physics and Engineering

|

2021

|

Vol. 27, Iss. 1

63--72

EN

This paper presents a study of the impact of clicks, and murmurs on cardiac sound S1, and S2, and the measure of severity degree through synchronization degree between frequencies, using bispectral analysis. The algorithm is applied on three groups of Phonocardiogram (PCG) signal: group A represents PCG signals having a morphology similar to that of the normal PCG signal without click or murmur, group B represents PCG signals with a click (reduced murmur), and group C represent PCG signals with murmurs. The proposed algorithm permits us to evaluate and quantify the relationship between the two sounds S1 and S2 on one hand and between the two sounds, click and murmur on the other hand. The obtained results show that the clicks and murmurs can affect both the heart sounds, and vice versa. This study shows that the heart works in perfect harmony and that the frequencies of sounds S1, S2, clicks, and murmurs are not accidentally generated; but they are generated by the same generator system. It might also suggest that one of the obtained frequencies causes the others. The proposed algorithm permits us also to determine the synchronization degree. It shows high values in group C; indicating high severity degrees, low values for group B, and zero in group A. The algorithm is compared to Short-Time Fourier Transform (STFT) and continuous wavelet transform (CWT) analysis. Although the STFT can provide correctly the time, it can’t distinguish between the internal components of sounds S1 and S2, which are successfully determined by CWT, which, in turn, cannot find the relationship between them. The algorithm was also evaluated and compared to the energetic ratio. the obtained results show very satisfactory results and very good discrimination between the three groups. We can conclude that the three algorithms (STFT, CWT, and bispectral analysis) are complementary to facilitate a good approach and to better understand the cardiac sounds.

17

Ocena oddziaływania na dziedzictwo (OOD) ICOMOS – zastosowanie w krajowej praktyce konserwatorskiej

Górski Marcin

Ochrona Dziedzictwa Kulturowego

|

2021

|

Nr 11

181--199

PL

Zagadnienie intensyfikacji przekształceń obiektów zabytkowych stanowi od wielu lat globalne wyzwanie w praktyce konserwatorskiej. Proces ten zauważalny jest na przestrzeni ostatnich lat także w Polsce. Adaptacja i przekształcanie zabytków jest dziś zjawiskiem powszechnym. Procesy przekształcające na skalę masową zasób dziedzictwa architektonicznego w Polsce nie idą jednak w parze z wypracowaniem narzędzi umożliwiających w praktyce konserwatorskiej określanie zasad ochrony oraz sporządzania programów i projektów zagospodarowania obiektów i zespołów zabytkowych. Taka sytuacja nie ułatwia prowadzenia skutecznej polityki konserwatorskiej w kraju. Artykuł ma na celu przybliżenie metody przeprowadzania ocen oddziaływania na dziedzictwa dla obiektów światowego dziedzictwa opracowanej w 2009 roku na międzynarodowych warsztatach zorganizowanych przez ICOMOS (metoda OOD) jako przyczynku do wykorzystania doświadczeń międzynarodowych w polskiej rzeczywistości. Od 2013 roku autor podjął szereg działań związanych z przystosowaniem metody OOD, opracowanej dla obiektów światowego dziedzictwa, do polskiej praktyki konserwatorskiej. Treść referatu stanowi zbiór doświadczeń zebranych przy opracowywaniu opinii konserwatorskich opartych na metodzie OOD.

EN

For many years the issue of intensification of transformations of historical buildings has been a global challenge in the field of conservation practice. This process has also been observed in Poland in recent years. Today the adaptation and transformation of historical buildings is a common phenomenon. However, the processes of transforming the architectural heritage in Poland on a mass scale are not accompanied by the development of tools enabling conservation practice to determine the principles of protection and preparation of programs and projects for the development of buildings and historic buildings. This situation does not facilitate effective conservation policy in the country. This article aims to introduce the method of conducting heritage impact assessments for World Heritage sites developed in 2009 at an international workshop organized by ICOMOS (the heritage impact assessment method, in Polish: "ocena oddziaływania na dziedzictwa" – OOD) as a contribution to the use of international experience in the Polish reality. Since 2013, the author has undertaken a number of activities related to the adaptation of the OOD method, developed for world heritage sites, to the Polish conservation practice. The content of the paper is a collection of experience gained in developing conservation opinions based on the OOD method.

18

COVID-19 impact on moroccan small and medium-sized enterprises: can lean practices be an effective solution for getting out of crisis?

Farissi Aicha, Driouach Laila, Zarbane Khalid, El-Oumami Mohamed, Beidouri Zitouni

Management Systems in Production Engineering

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2021

|

nr 2 (29)

83--90

EN

The COVID-19 crisis hit the economy hard, it is a global situation of declining activity due to a highly contagious disease which has pushed the world to the brink of a deeper recession than ever. Small and medium-sized enter-prises constitute 92% of the Moroccan economic fabric, they are among the organizations most seriously affected by the current pandemic. This paper examines the problems that exist before and during this crisis, in order to raise major challenges and choose the ideal approach that will strengthen the competitiveness of these compa-nies. the analysis is based on secondary data and the literature to demonstrate the different constraints of these companies and to show the importance of lean manufacturing as the guarantor of industrial performance. the main question is how the alignment of Lean principals goes well with the desired improvement and with the constraints posed by this crisis, the primary objective of Lean is to provide the means to succeed and accelerate competitiveness. Finally, these circumstances can be a real opportunity to assist Small and Medium Moroccan companies to integrate the methods they need, and “Lean approach” is one of the best performance solutions to adopt in a post COVID-19.

19

Influence of Walls in a Container on the Growth of the Chlorella Vulgaris Algae

Kondzior Paweł, Butarewicz Andrzej

Journal of Ecological Engineering

|

2021

|

Vol. 22, nr 10

98--108

EN

Most of the algae are eukaryotic organisms commonly found in the aquatic environment. They are characterized by a great variety of species and the possibility of growing under various conditions. They photosynthesize, mainly needing light, water and carbon dioxide to grow. Algae can be used in various branches of the economy for the production of food, animal feed, bio-fertilizers, pigments, they can be used for sewage treatment or carbon dioxide sequestration. The aim of the work was to investigate the effect of the material from which the walls of containers are made on the bioreactors for algae cultivation. Two wall materials were used in the research: shiny aluminium foil and matte black light-absorbing paper. The content of photosynthetic pigments in algae cells, optical density, temperature and pH were examined. The tests were performed in triplicate and the standard error was calculated with the 95% confidence interval. It was observed that the glossy aluminium foil wall significantly improved the growth of the Chlorella vulgaris algae at the lowest light intensities by more than 4 times chlorophyll a compared to the sample placed in a container with walls of matte black paper. This means that the use of walls in shiny aluminium foil containers can reduce the lighting costs and contribute to an increase in the produced biomass.

20

Mechanical properties of titanium alloy meshes used in interbody fusion cage

Żak Małgorzata, Promirska Olimpia, Pezowicz Celina

Engineering of Biomaterials

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2021

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Vol. 24, no. 163

114