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1 Wiadomości Chemiczne

1 2011

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Biologiczna aktywność siarkowodoru

Malinowska J., Babicz K., Olas B.

Wiadomości Chemiczne

2011

[Z] 65, 3-4

289-299

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a well known toxic gas that is synthesized from amino acids: cysteine (Cys) and homocysteine (Hcys) by two enzymes: cystathionine-â- -synthase and cystathionine-ă-lyase (Fig. 1) [3]. Hydrogen sulfide, like nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO) is a signaling molecule in different systems [4]. Moreover, hydrogen sulfide has other various biological properties [8]. It induces hypotension in vivo and vasodilation in vitro by opening KATP channels in vascular smooth muscle cells [2, 5, 15]. Deficiency of H2S may contribute to atherogenesis in some patients with hyperhomocysteinemia, in whom the metabolism of homocysteine to cysteine and H2S is compromised by vitamin B6 deficiency. Reduced H2S production in brain was observed in patients with Alzheimer’s disease. On the other hand, excess of H2S may lead to mental homoretardation in patients with Down’s syndrome and may be involved in the pathogenesis of hypotension associated with septic shock [6]. This review summarizes the endogenous metabolism, physiological and pathological function of hydrogen sulfide.