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Genetic correlation of source rocks and natural gas in the Polish Outer Carpathians and Paleozoic–Mesozoic basement east of Kraków (southern Poland)

Kotarba M. J., Więcław D., Bilkiewicz E., Dziadzio P., Kowalski A.

Geological Quarterly

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2017

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Vol. 61, No. 4

795--824

EN

Natural gas-source rock correlations in the Polish Outer Carpathians and Paleozoic–Mesozoic basement in the Kraków–Brzesko–Nowy Sącz area (southern Poland) have been established. In the Dukla and Sub-Silesian units, mixed kerogen Type-II/III or III/II occurs. The organic matter is immature or low-mature. The Oligocene Menilite beds of the Silesian Unit are rich in TOC and contain gas-prone Type III kerogen of low maturity. In the Paleozoic–Mesozoic basement, the TOC content and residual hydrocarbon potential vary in the Middle and Upper Devonian strata, Mississippian carbonate and clastic facies and Middle Jurassic strata. The Paleozoic strata are capable of thermogenic hydrocarbon generation, while organic matter in the Middle Jurassic rocks is generally immature. Gaseous hydrocarbons accumulated both in the Silesian and Dukla units of the Polish Outer Carpathians and in the Mesozoic basement are genetically related to thermogenic and microbial processes. The Outer Carpathian natural gas was generated mainly from the Type-II/III kerogen of the Oligocene Menilite beds. The thermogenic gases from the Mesozoic basement were generated from Devonian and Mississippian (carbonate) Type-II and mixed II/III kerogens and probably from Silurian/Ordovician Type-II kerogen and Middle Jurassic Type-III/II kerogen occurring at more than 7 km depth. Microbial methane migrated into the Outer Carpathian flysch succession from the Miocene strata of the Carpathian Foredeep.

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Zmienność składu izotopowego węgla i wodoru w eksploatowanym złożu gazu ziemnego

Pleśniak Ł., Bucha M., Jędrysek M.-O.

Bezpieczeństwo Pracy i Ochrona Środowiska w Górnictwie

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2012

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nr 12

28-34

PL

W celu zwiększenia efektywności wydobycia, w kopalniach gazu ziemnego stosuje się technologię wzmożonego pozyskania gazu (EGR), która bazuje na zatłaczaniu CO2 do złoża. Podczas takiego procesu należy spodziewać się efektów izotopowych. Badania objęły analizę składu trwałych izotopów węgla i wodoru w metanie ze złoża, w którym technologia EGR jest stosowana. Badania składu trwałych izotopów prowadzono od września 2009 r. Stwierdzona, zarówno przestrzenna, jak i czasowa zmienność tego składu pozwala stwierdzić, że cały układ jest bardzo dynamiczny. Wyraźnie da się zauważyć, że występują preferencyjne kierunki transportu metanu w złożu, co wpływa na efekty izotopowe, a front najwyższej prędkości migracji metanu jest znaczony przez najniższe stosunki składu trwałych izotopów węgla i wodoru z metanu.

EN

In order to increase recovery of gas and oil from deposits some technologies, called Enhanced Gas Recovery, with injection of C02 are used. In this process isotopic effects are expected. Therefore we have analyzed isotopic composition of carbon and hydrogen in methane in one EGR object. Carbon and hydrogen stable isotopic observations of methane from the EGR object have been carried out since September 2009. Both spatial and temporal variations in carbon and hydrogen isotopic ratios in methane show that the system is very dynamie. It has been observed clearly that there are some preferential paths of methane transportation through the deposit, what resulted in isotopic effects. Namely, the carbon and hydrogen isotopic ratios show that the front of the highest velocity of methane movement is marked by the lowest isotopic ratios.

3

Origin of mineral waters from Someseni, Transylvanian Basin, Romania

Berdea P., Cuna S. M., Balas G., Hauer E.

Geological Quarterly

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2005

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Vol. 49, No. 2

145-150

EN

Analysis of the stable isotope composition of the mineral waters from Someseni, Transylvanian Basin, Romania has been made to constrain their origin. The mineral-rich aquifer islocated on the western border of the Neogene Transylvanian Basin. The isotopic study (18 O, D) of mineral waters from Someseni Spa was carried in order to rehabilitate them as natural curative waters. Water samples from five springs (1, 2, 3, 8 and 15), from Becas Brook and from River Somes were collected monthly from October 2003 to March 2004. The quantity of precipitation and the mean temperature in the area were monthly recorded. The deuterium vs. 18 O investigations of the springs indicate a meteoric provenance with deep circulation, having the deuterium content of meteoric water, but shifted to a higher 18 O content as result of isotopic exchange with coun try rock. The δ D and δ18 O values for springs 3 and 8 in February 2004 and March 2004 respectively, suggest some in fluence of surface waters derived from melting of the snow cover.

4

Występowanie i geneza wód chlorkowych Soli

Rajchel L., Zuber A., Duliński M., Rajchel J.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2004

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Vol. 52, nr 12

1179--1186

EN

In Sól near Żywiec, within the Magura nappe, Polish flysch Carpathians, occurrences of springs with highly saline waters have been known from historical records. Five deep drillings performed in 1947-55 recorded waters of the Na-Cl type with TDS up to 44 g/dmexp.3. All these waters were enriched in I, Br, B and had elevated Na/Cl ratios. Isotope composition of spring waters and the hydrochemical indicators of all waters suggest a dominant presence of dehydration water released from clay minerals during the burial diagenesis of flysch sediments. However, the salinity is mostly attributed to the remnants of sedimentary waters enriched and modified by ultrafiltration, with some addition of ions [e.g. Na+] released during the illitization of smectites in diagenetic process.