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Burial and thermal history of the Upper Silesian Coal Basin (Poland) constrained by maturity modelling : implications for coalification and natural gas generation

Botor Dariusz

Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae

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2020

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Vol. 90, No. 2

99--123

EN

Maturity modelling was carried out using basin and petroleum system modelling (BPSM) software in the lithologic sections of 17 wells of the Upper Silesian Coal Basin (Poland). The best fit between calculated and measured vitrinite reflectance (VR), porosity and density data was obtained by applying a thickness of eroded sedimentary overburden from 1700 m in the east to 4500 m in the west and relatively low to moderate heat flow values during the maximum late Carboniferous burial. These heat flow values were in the range 50-71 mW/m2

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Ammonite stratigraphy and organic matter of the Pałuki Fm.n(Upper Kimmeridgian–Lower Tithonian) from the central-eastern part of the Łódź Synclinorium (Central Poland)

Wierzbowski Andrzej, Wierzbowski Hubert

Volumina Jurassica

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2019

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Vol. 17, no. 1

49--80

EN

The ammonite biostratigraphy as well as the organic matter content, its type and maturity of the Pałuki Formation, belonging to the fine, siliciclastic Kimmeridge Clay type facies, were investigated in five deep boreholes from the central-eastern part of the Łódź Synclinorium in Central Poland. The studied deposits are assigned to the Eudoxus and Autissiodorensis zones of the Upper Kimmeridgian as well as the Klimovi, Sokolovi, Pseudoscythica and Puschi (=Tenuicostata) zones of the Lower Tithonian (“Lower Volgian”). The Pałuki Formation shows in its lower and middle parts average TOC concentrations of ca. 2.5 wt.% and prominent, restricted increases in organic matter content, which are found in the mid-Eudoxus Zone, the lowermost part of the Autisiodorensis Zone, and at the Sokolovi–Pseudoscythica zone boundary. These stratigraphical intervals correlate well with rich in organic matter levels present in the Kimmeridge Clay Formation of NW Europe. The periodic expansions of Submediterranean and Subboreal-Boreal ammonites corresponded mostly to the transgressive phases, often correlated with a higher content of organic matter. The development of special morphologies of ammonites, such as the small-sized, nectopelagic forms of Nannocardioceras in the Late Kimmeridgian, has also been related to the deposition of shales rich in organic matter during the transgression maxima. The organic matter present in the Pałuki Formation mostly consists of Type II kerogen and is immature or early mature with respect to hydrocarbon generation, which is in agreement with previously published data. Evaluation of the new and published geochemical, lithological and structural data from the Pałuki Formation in the central-eastern part of the Łódź Synclinorium shows that these deposits could not have been a considerable source of crude oil or gas.

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1-D modelling of the hydrocarbon generation history of the Jurassic source rocks in the Tarnogród–Stryi area (SE Poland – western Ukraine)

Kosakowski P., Wróbel M., Koltun Y. V.

Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae

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2011

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Vol. 81, No 3

473-485

EN

Reconstruction of burial and thermal history was modelled for the Mesozoic strata in the basement of the Polish and Ukrainian parts of the Carpathian Foredeep and in the marginal part of the Outer Carpathians. The 1-D modelling was carried out in profiles of the wells located in the area between Tarnogród and Stryi towns. In the Polish part, the modelling were performed in the profiles of the Księżpol 15, Lubliniec 9, Markowice 2 and Opaka 1 wells, and in the Ukrainian part in the profiles of the Chornokuntsi 1, Korolyn 6, Mosty 2, Podiltsi 1 and Voloshcha 1 wells. The geochemical characteristics of the Mesozoic stratigraphical horizons revealed that the best features of source rocks were present in the Middle Jurassic strata in the Polish part of the study area and in the Middle and Upper Jurassic strata in the Ukrainian part. Within these strata, the horizons of source rocks were distinguished and their quantitative evaluations were characterized. For these horizons, reconstruction of processes for hydrocarbon generation and expulsion were performed. The source rocks in the Polish part reached maturity only in the initial phase of “oil window”. However, the maturity achieved towards the end of the Upper Jurassic was insufficient to exceed the 10% threshold of the transformation degree for hydrocarbon generation. Therefore, the amount of generated hydrocarbons was minimal. Slightly higher maturity of organic matter in the Ukrainian part resulted in exceeding the thresholds of kerogen transformation and the initiation of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion processes. The process began after the deposition of thicker Miocene formations and developed even up to the main phase of the "oil window". The amount of the generated hydrocarbons reached ca. 150 mg/g TOC with an insignificant volume of expulsion.

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Modelowanie procesów generacji węglowodorów w utworach cechsztyńskich basenu polskiego

Karnkowski P.H.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2000

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Vol. 48, nr 5

443-447

PL

Przy wykorzystaniu programu komputerowego PetroMod, wykonano wzdłuż kilkunastu profili geologicznych, przecinających basen polski modelowanie procesów generacji węglowodorów w utworach cechsztynu. Parametry kalibrujące (współczesny rozkład temperatur na określonych głębokościach oraz wyniki oznaczeń refleksyjności witrynitu w różnych formacjach geologicznych) umożliwiły skonstruowanie rozkładu wartości strumienia cieplnego w czasie od permu do dziś na obszarze basenu polskiego. Symulacje komputerowe z wykorzystaniem powyższego modelu rozkładu wartości strumienia cieplnego pozwoliły prześledzić kolejne fazy generacji węglowodorów w utworach cechsztyńskich w poszczególnych częściach basenu polskiego.

EN

PetroMod software enabled the computer modelling of hydrocarbon generation in the Zechstein deposits along several geological cross-section in the Polish Basin. Calibrating parameters (a contemporary field of temperature pattern at the selected deppth and vitrinite reflectance values for various geological formations) enabled to construct an image of heat flow distribution from the Permian to the Recent time in the studied area. Computer simulation applying such a heat flow model determined the individual phases of hydrocarbon generation in the Zechstein deposits of the Polish Basin.