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Comparison of Factorial Kriging Analysis Method and Upward Continuation Filter to Recognize Subsurface Structures – A Case Study: Gravity Data from a Hydrocarbon Field in the Southeast Sedimentary Basins of the East Vietnam Sea

Azad M.-R., Koneshloo M., Kamakar Rouhani A., Aghajani H.

Acta Geophysica

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2016

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Vol. 64, no. 2

398--416

EN

To interpret geophysical anomaly maps, it is necessary to filter out regional and sometimes noise components. Each measured value in a gravity survey consists of different components. Upward continuation (UC) is one of the most widely used filters. The shortcoming of this filter is not to consider the spatial structure of the data, and also the fact that the trial and error approach and expert’s judgment are needed to adjust it. This study aims to compare the factorial kriging analysis (FKA) and UC filters for separation of local and regional anomalies in the gravity data of a hydrocarbon field in the southeast sedimentary basins of the East Vietnam Sea. As shown in this paper, FKA method permits to filter out all of the identified structures, while the UC filter does not possess this capability. Therefore, beside general and classic filtering methods, the FKA method can be used as a strong method in filtering spatial structures and anomaly component.

2

Saga rodu Zuberów

Chowaniec J., Graniczny M., Urban H.

Biuletyn Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego

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2012

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nr 448 (2)

495--505

PL

Artykuł obejmuje krótkie biografie trzech wybitnych polskich geologów, naukowców, podróżników i patriotów z rodziny Zuberów – Rudolfa, Stanisława i Andrzeja, czyli ojca, syna i wnuka. Głównym przedmiotem zainteresowania oraz zajęciem Rudolfa było poszukiwanie ropy naftowej. Jego doświadczenia były znaczące dla wielu krajów i przyczyniły się do rozwoju przemysłu naftowego. W trakcie swoich ekspedycji badawczych prowadził prace na wszystkich kontynentach, oprócz Australii. Odkrył również w Krynicy unikatową wodę – szczawę chlorkową, zaliczaną dziś do najsilniejszych szczaw w Europie. Jest także autorem fundamentalnego dzieła Flisz i nafta, będącego jedną z klasycznych prac geologicznych epoki. Jego syn Stanisław rozpoczął karierę zawodową od uczestnictwa w poszukiwaniach ropy naftowej w Baku (Azerbejdżan) i na Wschodnim Kaukazie. Prowadząc prace poszukiwawcze w Albanii, przyczynił się do odkrycia największych złóż ropy naftowej w tym kraju – Kuçova–Lushnja, Murriz–Pekisht oraz Patos–Cakran–Selenica. Jest obecnie uważany w Albanii za „ojca nowoczesnej geologii". Andrzej Zuber, syn Kazimierza, brata Stanisława oraz wnuk Rudolfa był również zaangażowany w wiele przedsięwzięć poza granicami kraju – Kenia, Brazylia, Meksyk, Tajlandia, Indie. Jego główne zainteresowania naukowe były związane z badaniami znaczników środowiskowych wód zwykłych, mineralnych i termalnych. Wśród wielu problemów hydrogeologicznych, jakimi zajmował się Andrzej Zuber, poczesne miejsce zajmuje określenie genezy i obszarów zasilania wód mineralnych Krynicy. Można to uznać za kontynuację prac dziadka Rudolfa. Historia zatoczyła krąg.

EN

The paper contains short biographies of three prominent Polish geologists, scientists, travellers and patriots of the Zuber family – Rudolf, Stanisław and Andrzej, father, son and grandson. Main occupation of Rudolf was exploration of oil deposits. His experience was of high value for many oil companies and countries that made their development dependent on the oil industry. On his scientific journeys he reached every inhabited part of the world, excluding Australia. In Krynica, he discovered a unique water that is among the strongest alkaline acidic waters in Europe. He is also the author of a fundamental publication, titled Flysh and crude oil which was an important and classical geological work of those times. His son, Stanislaw Zuber, started his professional career from participation in oil exploration in the Baku (Azerbaijan) and East Caucasus regions. His exploratory work in Albania resulted in the discovery of the main oil fields in this country – Kuçova–Lushnja, Murriz–Pekisht and Patos–Cakran–Selenica. He is presently regarded as the father of modern geology of Albania. Andrzej Zuber, son of Kazimierz, Stanislaw’s brother and grandson of Rudolf was also involved in several activities abroad (Kenya, Brazil, Mexico, Thailand, India). His main interests were connected with investigations of the environmental logograms of the common, mineral and thermal waters. Among different hydrogeological problems, he put special attention to determination of the genesis and recharge areas of the Krynica mineral waters. It could be considered as the continuation of his grandfather’s work.

3

Architecture, evolution and hydrocarbon potential of the Late Jurassic - Early Cretaceous carbonate platform in SE Poland and W Ukraine

Gutowski J., Popadyuk V., Urbaniec A., Złonkiewicz Z., Gliniak P., Krzywiec P., Maksym A., Wybraniec S.

Volumina Jurassica

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2006

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Vol. 4, no. 1

46-48

EN

Well, outcrop, seismic and gravity data were used to construct a series of palaeogeographic maps revealing architecture and evolution of the carbonate platform developed within the northern shelf of Tethys in SE Poland and W Ukraine during Oxfordian through Barremian times. The platform developed in a transition zone between the epicontinental Mid-Polish Trough and the Outer-Carpathian basins. A variety of depositional systems included open shelf spongemicrobial bioherms, coral reefs and oolitic-bioclastic grainstones (see Gutowski et al. 2005, Gliniak et al. 2005) which form hydrocarbon reservoirs in connection with overlying Cenomanian sandstones. Palaeogeographic distribution of the depositional systems evolved in time and was controlled by syn-depositional basement normal/transtensional and strike-slip faulting. A series of analogue models (Gutowski & Koyi 2006a, b) helped to understand a role of strike-slip movements along deep fault zones directed obliquely to the axis of the Mid Polish Through and related to modifications of the extension direction (Gutowski & Wybraniec 2006). These movements controlled fault geometry and the shift of depocenters. Pelagic, black and grey, often bituminous shales (Karolina Formation in Western Ukraine and Cieszyn Shales in Poland), deposited in front of the bioherm-reef belt on the shelf margin, form excellent source rocks. They were deposited since the Late Kimmeridgian due to breaking-up of the peri-Tethyan carbonate platform (Âtramberk type carobonates) and opening of the Silesian Basin (Fig. 1). Consequently, promising traps should mainly be located close to the Late Kimmeridgian - Early Cretaceous shelf margin (Fig. 1), the location of which was inferred using gravity data (Gutowski & Wybraniec 2006). Additional source rocks are of Palaeozoic or Middle Jurassic age. Quality of the reservoirs was often enhanced by diagenesis (e.g. dolomitization), fracturing and pre-Cenomanian karstification. The reservoirs are sealed by Miocene evaporates and/or clays and Upper Cretaceous marls. The Mid-Polish Trough was inverted during the Late Cretaceous and Palaeogene. As a result of Carpathian thrusting, the basin in its southernmost part was covered by the Miocene sediments of the Carpathian foredeep and/or by the Outer Carpathian nappes. Although these tectonic processes modified the evolution of the hydrocarbon system, the Late Jurassic - Early Cretaceous facies development and evolution of the carbonate platform were decisive for the primary distribution of the source rocks and potential reservoirs. Therefore, they should play a key role in hydrocarbon exploration strategy.

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Budowle organiczne w utworach górnej jury przedgórza Karpat - aktualny stan rozpoznania na podstawie interpretacji materiałów sejsmicznych i wiertniczych w kontekście poszukiwań złóż węglowodorów

Gliniak P., Gutowski J., Urbaniec A.

Volumina Jurassica

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2005

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Vol. 3, no. 1

29-43

EN

The system of huge organic buildups (sponge-microbial bioherms and coral reefs) has recently been mapped in the Carpathian foreland, S Poland, using high-quality petroleum seismic and well data interpreted using original, newly developed techniques. The sponge-microbial bioherms were formed during the Oxfordian time and the flat and mound-shaped coral reefs replaced them during the Late Oxfordian through Tithonian time. Both the bio-herms and reefs reflect the system of synsedimentary active extensional-transtensional blocks of the basement that controlled sea bottom highs which were likely colonized by the buildups constructors. It is possible to identify two systems of such faults: NW-SE oriented one and, less visible, W-E oriented one. The Late Jurassic organic buildups form excellent reservoirs for hydrocarbon accumulations. Effective seal for the traps is provided by the Upper Cretaceous (Senonian) marls. Late Cretaceous inversion resulted in reverse reactivation of main basement fault zones. During the Miocene, Carpathian thrusting-related flexural extension basement fault zones have been again reactivated in transtensional regime, which enhanced hydrocarbon prospectivity of selected areas due to juxtaposition of source and reservoir rocks. Miocene foredeep evaporates provide additional, very effective seal.

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Peculiarities of faul tectonics investigation and mapping

Kovkhuto A.M., Aizberg R.Y., Garetsky R.G., Parkhomov M.D.

Technika Poszukiwań Geologicznych

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2003

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R. 42, nr 6

21-24

EN

All faults on the territory of Belarus could be divided into two main types. There are Pre-platform and Platform faults. All these faults are distinguishable by geophysical (seismic sounding, gravity and magnetic surveys, borehole logs and others) and geological (structural, stratigraphic and other methods) data. Platform faults are main object of the investigation because numerous mineral resources as hydrocarbons, gypsum, potassium salts are related to these faults. The platform faults are present in the sedimentary paleo-basins that were formed in the Pripyat Trough, Orsha and Podlasie-Brest depressions and in some small negative structures of Belarus. The new complex geodynamical method (CDM) of investigation including traditional geological-geophysical methods, and also fracture analyses in cores, calculation of absolutely curvature of surfaces and determination of evolution of individual faults was applied in the Pripyat Trough.

PL

Wszystkie uskoki na terenie Białorusi można podzielić na dwa podstawowe rodzaje - przed i po-platformowe. Są one rozróżnialne za pomocą metod geofizycznych tj. sondowań sejsmicznych, grawimetrii i magnetyki oraz geofizyki otworowej. Uskoki platformowe są zasadniczym przedmiotem zainteresowania, dlatego że liczne złoża mineralne, jak węglowodory, gipsy, sole potasowe są związane z tymi uskokami. Uskoki platformowe występują w paleo-basenach sedymentacyjnych utworzonych w rowie Prypeci, oraz w depresjach Orszy i Podlasia-Brześcia. Występują także w innych, małych depresjach podłoża na terenie Białorusi. Nowe kompleksowe metody badań geodynamicznych (CDM) zastosowane w Rowie Prypeci stanowią połączenie tradycyjnych metod geologiczno-geofizycznych z analizą strukturalną rdzeni wiertniczych, obliczeniami absolutnej krzywizny powierzchni oraz określaniem ewolucji poszczególnych uskoków.

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Badanie klastycznych sukcesji depozycyjnych za pomocą metody stratygrafii sekwencyjnej w aspekcie poszukiwań węglowodorów

Dziadzio P.

Wiadomości Naftowe i Gazownicze

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2001

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R. 4, Nr 9 (41)

3-8

7

Sejsmika dla geotermii na Słowacji

Trześniowski Z.

Wiadomości Naftowe i Gazownicze

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1999

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R. 2, Nr 10 (18)

20-21