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1

A two-dimensional study to aid the prototype designing of mono-mode microwave blood warmer

Kumari Sushma, Kumar Samanta Sujoy

Chemical and Process Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 43, nr 2

147-–157

EN

This meticulous analysis was performed to guide in the designing of a prototype mono-mode microwave blood warmer. The interaction of two-dimensional cylindrical blood samples with the microwave was performed through two different techniques i.e., lateral and radial irradiations. The study found the preference for interaction techniques corresponding to different frequencies, intensities, sample sizes and procedure durations. The study of the areal positioning of power and temperature at specific peak points generated the information on warming rate and thermal homogeneity inside the sample. High warming rate along with low thermal non-homogeneity were the chosen criteria to decide the requirement of rotation during the warming procedure. At the frequency of 915 MHz, no rotation was recommended for samples irrespective of sizes for optimal warming. Rotation for small and large samples and no rotation for medium sized samples were recommended to achieve homogenously warmed human blood samples at the frequency of 2450 MHz. Specific recommendations for different case studies were also made with respect to the sample size, radiation intensity and procedure duration to draw reciprocity amongst them. Considering all the aspects, the present work recommended an efficient way for designing of a prototype for enhanced microwave facilitated intravenous fluid warmer.

2

Rapid measurement of anticoagulant rodenticides in human blood and urine using online turbulent flow chromatography coupled with liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry

Fang Li, Qiu Fengmei, Yu Xinwei, Yan Jianbo, Zhu Yanhua

Acta Chromatographica

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2021

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Vol. 33, no. 4

361--370

EN

Anticoagulant rodenticides (ARs) are widely used to control rodents. A method based on online turbulent flow chromatography (TFC) combined with LC-MS/MS has been established for rapid quantitative determination of eight ARs in human blood and urine. This method, which does not require time-consuming pre-processing steps, renders it especially suited for use in emergency poisoning cases. Sample preparation, including extraction, centrifugation, and filtration, was followed by online clean-up using TFC. The total run-time was within 13.5 min, including online purification, chromatographic separation, and re-equilibration of the TFC system. The parameters for sample extraction, purification, separation, and detection in this study were optimized separately. The linear regression coefficients of matrix-matched calibration standard curves established for quantification were greater than 0.9976. The limit of quantification (LOQ) for the method were found to be 0.3–3.0 ng/mL in human blood and 0.06–0.6 ng/mL in urine. The recoveries of spiked target compounds at different concentrations in human blood and urine were 91.8–111.9% and 86.9–105.3%, respectively. Inter- and intra-day precision values were both less than 12.5%, and the matrix effects of human blood and urine samples for ARs were 75.3–108.6% and 102.7–130.0%, respectively. This method had successfully applied to the emergency detection of ARs in biological samples of poisoned patients.

3

Effect of gender and occupations on uranium concentration in human blood and soil samples collected from Babylon, Iraq

Showard Ansam F., Aswood Murtadha Sh.

Polish Journal of Medical Physics and Engineering

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2020

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Vol. 26, Iss. 3

143--148

EN

Uranium concentrations of human blood and soil samples have been studied at different ages and occupations in Babylon, Iraq. The technique of nuclear track detectors CR 39 with nuclear fission track analysis has been used to determine the uranium concentrations in this study. Results have shown that the concentrations of uranium ranged from 0.56 ± 0.06 to 1.24 ± 0.29 ppb with an average of 0.83 ± 0.18 ppb in blood samples. On the other hand, the concentrations of uranium in soil samples ranged from 0.93 ± 0.20 to 2.59 ± 0.15 ppm with an average of 1.72 ± 0.19 ppm. Moreover, the highest averages of concentration have been found in the city center of Babylon, reaching 1.09 ± 0.22 ppb and 2.10 ± 0.23 ppm in blood and soil samples, respectively. The results have further proved that gender and occupations have an effect in increasing the concentrations of uranium. In addition, the concentrations in blood samples are generally lower than the concentration in soil samples.

4

Physics in medicine and economy of contemporary society

Czyż H., Jasiński T.

Physics for Economy

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2017

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Vol. 1, No. 1

5-13

EN

This paper describes the main methods of separating blood into components. The most common methods used in medicinal practice include centrifugation and filtration. Currently, there has been a lot of research on the application of ultrasound as the new, innovative method of separation of blood components. Ultrasound use is a theoretically elaborated method and experimental research is in process with the aim of its implementation in medical diagnostics. Contemporary societies are aware of the importance of findings of physics as well as of the fact that our everyday life is strongly connected to physics and to technical devices that have been created on the basis of its fundamental laws.

PL

Współczesne społeczeństwa są świadome znaczenia odkryć fizycznych dla gospodarki i medycyny. Nasze codzienne życie jest silnie związane z urządzeniami technicznymi, które zostały wytworzone na podstawie fundamentalnych praw fizyki. W pracy analizowano fizyczne metody rozdzielania krwi ludzkiej na składniki. Obecnie w praktyce medycznej najczęściej stosowanymi metodami są wirowanie i filtracja. Dokonując analizy podstaw fizycznych metod tradycyjnych separacji krwi na składniki, zaprezentowano także innowacyjną metodę, która wykorzystuje fale ultradźwiękowe o parametrach dobranych do parametrów składników krwi. Metoda ta jest teoretycznie opracowana, wymaga natomiast weryfikacji eksperymentalnej w celu wdrożenia jej w diagnostyce medycznej.

5

Rheological models of human blood as a non-Newtonian fluid

Wojnarowski J., Mirota K.

International Journal of Applied Mechanics and Engineering

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2004

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Vol. 9, no 2

413-421

EN

One of the most important problems of model hemodynamics is the descriptions of the rheological properties of the flowing blood. In this work, two basic classes of a hemorheology models have been analysed. The first one considers human blood as a non-Newtonian and time-independent fluid. However, the dynamical formation of its time-dependent collective structure leads to a viscoelastic and tixotropic blood response. In consequence, this study presents a second class of hemorheology model, considering blood as a fluid thinning and thickening with time.