Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Kooperatywy mieszkaniowe w Zurychu - ponadczasowa odpowiedź na współczesne wyzwania mieszkalnictwa

Pabich Marek, Bamberski Michał

Builder

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2022

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R.26, nr 10

7--11

PL

Artykuł przedstawia pojęcie społecznego budownictwa oddolnego, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem kooperatyw mieszkaniowych w kontekście miasta Zurych, oraz opisuje współpracę jej członków z władzami miasta w celu stworzenia dostępnej i atrakcyjnej zabudowy mieszkaniowej, dopasowanej do konkretnych potrzeb przyszłych lokatorów. Proces tworzenia budynków kooperatyw mieszkaniowych został przeanalizowany na podstawie dwóch unikatowych przykładów osiedli w Zurychu. Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie czynników definiujących wysoką jakość zamieszkania w mieście oraz prezentacja procesu realizacji kooperatyw mieszkaniowych. Przyjęta metodologia polegała na połączeniu analizy tekstów źródłowych oraz ocenie empirycznej.

EN

The article presents the concept of bottom-up social housing, emphasising on housing cooperatives in the context of the city of Zurich and describes the cooperation of its members with the city authorities in order to create accessible and attractive housing, tailored to the specific needs of future tenants. The process of creating housing cooperatives has been analyzed on the basis of two unique examples of housing estates in Zurich. The aim of the article is to present the factors that define the high quality of living in the city and to present the process of implementing housing cooperatives. The adopted methodology was based on a combination of the analysis of source texts and empirical evaluation.

2

Kowal zawinił, Cygana powiesili

Bojar Zygmunt

Geodeta : magazyn geoinformacyjny

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2019

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nr 5

28--33

3

Cohousing – an intended neighbourhood

Bura A.

Przestrzeń i Forma

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2018

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nr 36

127--140

EN

This article focuses on the design of cohousing estates. The idea of building these estates is based primarily on creating permanent social bonds between residents and, among others, including them in the design process. Despite numerous advantages, cohousing remains regarded in Poland as niche. The conclusions from the research presented in the article show why.

PL

Tematem poruszanym w artykule jest projektowanie osiedli mieszkaniowych typu cohousing. Idea budowy tych osiedli opiera się przede wszystkim na wytwarzaniu trwałych więzi sąsiedzkich między mieszkańcami oraz m.in. włączaniu ich w proces projektowania. Mimo wielu zalet, formuła cohousing’u wciąż uchodzi w Polsce za niszową. Przedstawione w artykule wnioski z przeprowadzonych badań wykazują dlaczego.

4

Collaborative housing perspectives. Definition, historical overview and examples

Twardoch A.

Architecture Civil Engineering Environment

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2017

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Vol. 10, no. 4

33--44

EN

In this paper the author describes the phenomenon of collaborative housing, provides its definition, historical outline, systematics and variants, and presents selected examples of this kind of housing from Western European countries (Germany, Switzerland, the Netherlands), where collaborative housing has been successfully developing at least since the 1970s. This paper, together with the paper that follows it, entitled: “Collaborative Housing Perspectives. Potential, Barriers and Legal Possibilities in the Polish Conditions”, constitutes a monographic study of the problem of collaborative housing in Poland. This paper constitutes part one of the study.

PL

W artykule opisano zjawisko oddolnego budownictw mieszkaniowego, jego definicję, zarys historii, systematykę i warianty, oraz zaprezentowano wybrane przykłady tego typu budownictwa pochodzące z krajów Europy Zachodniej (Niemcy, Szwajcaria, Holandia), gdzie oddolne budownictwo mieszkaniowe rozwijane jest z sukcesem co najmniej od lat 1970. Artykuł wraz z artykułem po nim następującym, pt. „Perspektywy oddolnego budownictwa mieszkaniowego. Potencjał, bariery oraz możliwości prawne w warunkach polskich” stanowi monograficzne ujęcie problematyki oddolnego budownictwa mieszkaniowego w Polsce. Artykuł stanowi pierwszą część.

5

Mieć czy... wynajmować o formułach budowy i zamieszkiwania domów jutra

Homiński B.

Środowisko Mieszkaniowe

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2013

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nr 11

175--179

PL

Od czasów transformacji ustrojowej, zaspokajaniem podstawowej potrzeby mieszkańców miast, jaką jest zamieszkiwanie, zajmują się w Polsce przede wszystkim firmy deweloperskie, budujące mieszkania na sprzedaż. Zjawisko to ma wielorakie konsekwencje, m.in. społeczne, funkcjonalne i przestrzenne. Tymczasem w wielu rozwiniętych krajach ważnymi organizatorami rynku mieszkaniowego są, poza firmami deweloperskimi, także spółdzielnie (kooperatywy) oraz lokalne samorządy, a powszechną formą zamieszkiwania jest najem długookresowy. Kryzys ekonomiczny końca pierwszej dekady XXI wieku, związany z kredytami na zakup domów i mieszkań, skłania do refleksji na temat alternatywnych form finansowania i realizowania domów mieszkalnych jutra.

EN

Since the time of political transformation, habitation, which is a basic need of city dwellers, has been satisfied mainly by development companies that build flats for sale. This phenomenon has multiple consequences, including social, functional and spatial ones. Meanwhile, in many developed countries, in addition to development companies, housing cooperatives and local authorities are also important players in the housing market, and long-term tenement leasing is a common form of habitation. The economic crisis of the end of the last decade of the 2000s, which was connected to mortgages, provokes reflection on alternative forms of financing and ways of providing the housing of tomorrow.

6

Katowice housing cooperative - strategies and investments

Komar B.

Architecture Civil Engineering Environment

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2011

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Vol. 4, no. 3

15-23

EN

Katowice Housing Cooperative (the Polish acronym: KSM) was founded in 1957. Its assets include 17 housing estates and nowadays it is still making new investments. The scope of the paper is the discussion of KSM's strategy in response to global changes affecting the city of Katowice. The paper describes the evolution of the Cooperative's activities since the 1950s until the early 21th century, conditioned by factors specific for the 1950s and the 1960s - great demand for flats, migrations of labour, rapid reconstruction of the country and its industry after World War II damages, the 1970s - the most favourable circumstances for the operation of housing cooperatives, the 1980s - the collapse of heavy industry, unemployment, the 1990s - the change of the political system in Poland, opening of the borders, migrations for work, introduction of the free market economy, shrinkage of cooperative housing initiatives, the 21th century - resurgence of cooperatives in Poland.

PL

Katowicka Spółdzielnia Mieszkaniowa powstała w 1957 roku i jest największą spółdzielnią mieszkaniową w Katowicach. Posiada w swoich zasobach 17 osiedli i obecnie rozpoczyna nowe inwestycje. Zadaniem artykułu jest pokazanie strategii KSM w odpowiedzi na zmiany globalne odczuwane w mieście Katowice. Artykuł opisuję ewolucję działania spółdzielni od lat 50. XX do początku XXI w., uwarunkowaną czynnikami charakterystycznymi dla kolejnych dekad: 50 i 60. XX w. - głód mieszkań, ruchy migracyjne, gwałtowna odbudowa przemysłu i kraju po zniszczeniach wojennych; 70. XX w. - najlepsza koniunktura dla działalności spółdzielni, 80. XX. w. - upadek przemysłu ciężkiego, bezrobocie, 90. XX w. - zmiana ustroju kraju, otwarcie granic, migracje ludności za pracą, uwolnienie gospodarki rynkowej, powstanie silnego rynku deweloperskiego, kurczenie się budownictwa spółdzielczego, XXI - odrodzenie się spółdzielczości w Polsce..

7

Zmienność kryteriów oszczędnościowych na podstawie wybranych przykładów budownictwa spółdzielczego

Komar B.

Czasopismo Techniczne. Architektura

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2010

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R. 107, z. 6-A/1

145-152

PL

Autorka niniejszego artykułu próbuj e prześledzić niektóre zjawiska związane z oszczędnością w architekturze i urbanistyce na podstawie badań nad osiedlami i budynkami Chorzowskiej i Katowickiej Spółdzielni Mieszkaniowej. Kryteria, które wybrano do rozważań, to w zakresie urbanistyki: typy zabudowy, wielkość powierzchni osiedli, kształtowanie terenów zielonych, a w zakresie architektury: skala mieszkań, termomodernizacje. Materiał badawczy stanowią zasoby spółdzielcze od 1909 roku do chwili obecnej.

EN

The paper tries to trace some of the phenomena associated with the economy in architecture and urbanism based on research buildings and housing estates of Chorzów and Katowice Housing Cooperative. The criteria which were selected for consideration, in the town planning are: the types of built area, size of the housing area, the development of green spaces, and architectural: the scale of housing, thermo-modernization. The research material makes resources from 1909 to the present.

8

Modernizm powojenny na przykładzie wybranych lubelskich społódzielczych osiedli mieszkaniowych z lat 60. i 70. XX wieku

Sosnowska M.

Teka Komisji Architektury, Urbanistyki i Studiów Krajobrazowych

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2008

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T. 4, cz. B

203--211

PL

Po II wojnie światowej najbardziej dynamiczny rozwój mieszkaniowego budownictwa osiedlowego w Lublinie przypada na lata 60. i 70. XX w. Realizacja osiedli spółdzielczych była odpowiedzią na ogromne braki mieszkań w powojennym Lublinie, jednocześnie spółdzielnie mieszkaniowe we wspomnianym okresie były największym posiadaczem zasobów mieszkaniowych. W artykule podjęta zostanie próba scharakteryzowania cech architektonicznych oraz urbanistycznych wybranych osiedli mieszkaniowych Lublina powstałych latach 60. i 70. XX w. oraz próba odpowiedzi na pytanie, czy architekturę tą można nazwać modernistyczną.

EN

After the Second World War, the most dynamic development of hausing association in Lublin begins in 60-ties and 70-ties of XXth cent. The housing cooperative in those times helped to perform a lack flats and in additional it was the biggest owner of housing reserves. The article try to descript architectonical and urban feature of some housing estate in Lublin city, which were build in 60-ties and 70-ties of XXth cent. The article try to find answer: is it the modernist style architecture?

9

Projekt "przyjaznego" osiedla mieszkaniowego w Szczecinie

Raczyński M.

Prace Naukowe Wydziału Architektury Politechniki Wrocławskiej. Architektura Mieszkaniowa

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2007

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Vol. 7, nr 5

130-137

PL

Poniższa wypowiedź odnosi się bezpośrednio do własnych studiów i doświadczenia związanego z powstaniem projektu osiedla mieszkaniowego wykonanego dla Spółdzielni Mieszkaniowej "Student" przez biuro projektowe "Mellon" Architekci Miłosz Raczyński, Marek Siennicki. Jest formą krótkiego przybliżenia procesu jego powstania i próba zastanowienia się na ile istotniejsza, w trakcie tworzenia projektu, okazała się idea i wizja projektantów, a na ile przedstawione dalej uwarunkowania wpływy czy też utrudniały zdefiniowanie zakładanych rozwiązań funkcjonalnych, przestrzennych i formalnych.

EN

The subject matter of the paper refers to the proprietary study and experience related to the design of a housing estate developed for the "Student" Housing Cooperative by the "Mellon Architckci, Milosz Raczyjski, Marek Sietnicki" architectural design office. It presents the process of creation of the design, and explains the extent to which the presented conditions compromised the designers' idea and vision, and exerted an impact on or impeded definition of the assumed functional, special, and formal solutions. The paper presents and discusses all design activities and intentions which were to facilitate identification of inhabitants with their place of residence, and support their sense of security resulting from the awareness of being in an explicitly recognisable, friendly space.

10

Elementy tzw. stylu racjonalnego domów spółdzielni "Ognisko" w Warszawie na tle planowania urbanistycznego międzywojennej Warszawy

Kłosek-Kozłowska D.

Kwartalnik Architektury i Urbanistyki

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2002

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T. 47, z. 3

251-264

EN

In 1915 just before regaining by Poland its status of an independent country, Warsaw become capital city and prepared herself for fulfilling functions of a European metropolis. The new Municipal Board turned to aperienced, architects and town planners, members of the Circle of Architects, with a request for a town-planning vision of shaping the capital. This difficult task was undertaken by Prof. Tadeusz Tołwiński, who together with a team composed of Karol Jankowski, Józef Heurich, Franciszek Lilpop, Cezary Rudnicki and Stefan Szyller, presented at a session held by the magistrate in December 1916 a scheme of a future plan of Warsaw entitled The Initial Sketch for the Regulation Plan. An opportunity for sketching a vision of a modern Warsaw with dispersed development enhanced with green spaces and healthy, ("hygienic", to use a term from the epoch) forms of residential housing, was provided by the considerable enlargement of the administrative region of the town, freed from a rigid ring of fortifications. In 1915 Warsaw incorporated not only nearby villages and suburbs, but also the sprawling terrains of the former Russian "Warszawa" fort. Work on the first regulation plan of Warsaw was by no means easy, and for technical reasons could assume only the form of a sketch. This document, of immense importance for the Polish capital, analysed the town-planning potential of development and contained a vision of shaping Warsaw which corresponded to the challenges of new town-planning theories. When studying its main ideas we come across the principles of the then devised modern town-planning which for many years became a canon of the town planner's workshop: the distinction of districts with service centres as well as functional spherical development with a division into compact, mixed (housing, trade, industry), dispersed and industrial. The plan also included references to the idea of the "garden city" launched by Ebenezer Howard, which from the beginning of the century had made a worldwide career. The usefulness of the so-called "Tołwiński plan" from 1916 is discernible especially in decisions about the division of land for the housing cooperatives emerging at the time. From the beginning of the 1920s the state treasury intended the easily accessible former Army terrains, such as the northern edges of Pole Mokotowskie, to become part of cooperative building investments. The first to be delineated in this region were the lots along the Water Works and Filtrowa Street, situated on the former outskirts of the town. At the time, Topolowa Street - (a poplar avenue) - led from Nowowiejska Street to the main gate of the Warsaw civilian and military airport, with the open terrain of Pole Mokotowskie to the east and the horse race tracks in the distance. Indubitably, the approach to the airport and the planned promotion of Topolowa Street served as a pretext for introducing its two-sided development. In this manner, a rectangular residential estate lot was extracted from Pole Mokotowskie on the eastern side of Topolowa Street. The lot - with an area of 8 500 sq. metres - was granted as a perpetual lease to the "Ognisko" building-housing cooperative, established in 1923 by celebrated politicians and professional people. In 1923-1927 the Cooperative built a residential estate which, envisaged as an experiment linked with a search for a modern model of urban development, was an interesting response to the social problems of towns, discussed at the beginning of the century. It is also an excellent illustration of the artistic quest for the expression and aesthetics of Warsaw architecture in the mid-1920s. A high artistic level of the houses constituting the "Ognisko" Cooperative was the work of the team of the estate's authors. The chief designer - architect Roman Feliński (1886-1953), a graduate of the Royal Higher Technical School in Munich and the Lvov Polytechnic, and then the latter's professor as well as a highly acclaimed town planner, was the author of one of the first textbooks about building towns. In it, he drew attention to "space conceived as an essential artistic elemen" of the town, whose shaping should be subjected to "the same requirements [ ... ] as the creation of living space". Together with Roman Feliński the "Ognisko" houses were designed and built by his collaborators, eminent Warsaw architects: Józef Krupa - a well-known specialist dealing with residential housing, highly regarded in the Circle of Architects, Stanisław Kraskowski - an experienced architect, and Stefan Sienicki, the youngest among the designers who soon became recognised as an extremely talented architect. Work on the construction of the "Ognisko" estate proved to be an important experience and a path towards rapid promotion. The "Ognisko" Cooperative created an enclosed housing estate block with residential buildings along the streets and garden space inside the lot. They constitute a clearly distinguished functional-spatial unit composed of two residential complexes, whose architectural expression, scale of development, composition of elevations and detail correspond to the rank of the streets for which they created individualised rows of houses. The objects in question comprise an interesting example of pioneering architectural and town-planning solutions associated with a current searching for a modern model of town residences, pursued in the mid-1920s. Apart from references to the fashionable "garden city" model which guaranteed its residents direct contact with greennery, they proposed a new type of urban development designed according to the requirements of hygiene and health, for which suitable insolation, ventilation and number of residents per room were the most important parameters. Already in the course of construction, projects of the "Ognisko" houses were displayed at the "Flat and Town" exhibition held by the Union of Polish Towns in Warsaw (1926). The show was financed by the Ministry of Public Works, which from the very outset of its activity regarded efforts connected with a new type of residential development, "most suitable for Polish climatic, social and economic conditions", to be an issue of utmost urgency not only for Warsaw. The discriminant of this "style" was, apart from the application of functional spatial units and distinctive structures constituting the elements of the housing estate composition, also the application of repetitive solutions which, similarly to elements of standardised industrial production were, differently arranged, to become decisive for rational, modern aesthetics. The "Ognisko" estate, therefore, contain a specific stylistic dualism in the solutions applied throughout the whole estate. Alongside bold rational currents, truly avantgarde, their architecture also includes earlier, still well-embedded tendencies which, although regarded as modern, referred to contrary ideas - tradition and history. The "Ognisko" buildings clearly reflect this process. They also show vividly the moment of departure of architecture operating with traditional forms, which made way for modern architectural forms. Its synonym was the avantgarde art represented by two Warsaw-based groups: Blok and Praesens, which from the mid-1920s paved the way for the Polish avantgarde. The philosophy represented by those groups undoubtedly exerted a great impact on the activity of the "Ognisko" architects, who completed the housing estate in an atmosphere in which modern art was becoming the "leading style", and simple forms, smooth walls, modularity and repeatability became the obligatory language. This dialogue between the departing and emerging tendencies in architecture, the professional dilemma experienced by every architect in every epoch, demonstrates a still "unsteady" pursuit of modernity, particularly characteristic for this period. In early twentieth-century Poland, however, this trend became specially accelerated, thus placing architecture and architects in a situation of strong pressure and the necessity of rapid reactions to assorted changes.

11

Od regulacji stanu prawnego do podziału

Kowalczyk M., Malinowski N.

Geodeta : magazyn geoinformacyjny

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2002

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nr 3

46--49