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EN
Usually, the concept of sufficient stability of a floating structure is connected with the capacity to keep a small heel angle despite the moment of heeling. The variable responsible for these characteristics is the initial metacentric height, which is the relation between the hydrostatic features of the pontoon and the mass properties of the entire object. This article answers the questions of how heavy the floating system should be, what the minimum acceptable draft is, and whether it is beneficial to use internal fixed ballast. To cover various technologies, a theoretical model of a cuboid float with average density representing different construction materials was analysed. The results indicate that the common practice of using heavy and deep floating systems is not always reasonable. In the case of floating buildings, which, unlike ships, can be exploited only under small heel angles, the shape and width of the submerged part of the object may influence the stability more than the weight or draft.
EN
This article analyzes the concept of multipurpose inland residential platforms. It presents the existing solutions and the applications of floating residential structures in Europe, including houseboats and floating barges. Further on, the paper describes the possibilities and main purposes of using multipurpose inland platforms (residential, tourist or military). In addition, an algorithm is presented for selecting the right concept depending on the demand and the infrastructural conditions of inland harbors and marinas. Three variants of residential platforms are identified and the features of some of the solutions are discussed. The expected benefits for different sectors of the economy derived from using residential platforms are also explored. The aforementioned analysis prescribes the directions for further research aiming to ensure effective implementation of the presented concepts.
EN
This article attempts to determine the rules for lawful use of floating objects for residential purposes. It presents the currently existing legal solutions applied in Europe for such floating structures. Further, the article describes a classification of residential floating objects from the legal perspective. The existing regulations are analyzed with regard to the provisions of the Water Law Act and the Inland Navigation Act. Moreover, the paper describes three different types of water usage, i.e. common, ordinary and special, and discusses in which of these forms the residential use of public waters falls. The analysis allows for the determination of the directions of further research, so that an accurate procedure ensuring a lawful use of houseboats can be adopted.
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