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Energy saving system for off-road machines by the use of the movable counterweight energy recuperation

Gawlik A.

Journal of KONES

2014

Vol. 21, No. 3

105--112

In this paper, concept of energy saving by the use the special recuperation system for hydraulic excavator is studied. This solution is alternative to commercial projects of hybrid systems, which store energy in the hydro pneumatic accumulators or the super capacitors. Suggested solution includes designed system of active counterweight, which cooperates with working mechanism of machine. The hydraulic circuit of active counterweight is connected with the boom standard hydraulic system. The counterweight mechanism is homothetic to working mechanism of the excavator. The homothetic transformation applies to kinematical structure and positions of the centres of gravity. The homothetic transformation provides to static unloading of boom cylinder by the connected counterweight cylinder. The possibility of energy saving by using movable counterweight was estimated during tests. The key parameters of hydraulic system, such as: cylinders velocity, working pressure, oil flow and another were measured on prepared research stand. The comparison of power consumption for standard and modification system during the same work cycles allowed confirms the correctness of the suggested concept for energy saving system. Energy saving ratios for modified hydraulic circuit was calculated for different velocity of boom cylinder and payloads. The active counterweight system for low velocity cylinder of excavator mechanism is ready to application. The hydraulic circuit for higher value of boom cylinder velocity requires resize a few elements for example supply lines.

Energy recovery system for excavators with movable counterweight

Gawlik A.

Journal of KONES

2013

Vol. 20, No. 2

113--120

Due to the high fuel costs are developed the different types of energy saving systems that are supposed to increase the productivity of machines per each burned liter of fuel. Paper describes the concept of an active counterweight system designed for excavators. Suggested solution includes both the kinematical structure and the hydraulic system. The hydraulic system of active counterweight is connected with the boom standard hydraulic system. The counterweight mechanism is homothetic to working mechanism of the excavator. The homothetic transformation applies to kinematical structure and positions of the centres of gravity. The homothetic transformation provides to static unloading of boom cylinder by the mated counterweight cylinder. The aim of investigations is saving energy by machines which can use potential energy of movable counterweight. The research tests are performed for selected work cycle to determine the key parameters of hydraulic system, such as: cylinders velocity, working pressure, oil flow etc. Primary test results compare power consumption for standard and modification system during the same work cycle. The level of energy recovery is promising especially at lower velocities of boom mechanism cylinder. The energy saving for higher boom cylinder velocity will be possible after reduce of pressure drop in hydraulic circuit.