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1

Thermal, mechanical and moisture properties of polimer plaster modified with lightweight fillers

Marchewka Izabela, Downar-Zapolska Ewa, Pichór Waldemar

Composites Theory and Practice

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2022

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R. 22, nr 3

160--165

EN

Thermally insulating lightweight plasters are urgently needed for the development of sustainable energy-saving buildings. The creation of such a material is possible because of the use of lightweight fillers, which are of interest to many researchers. As a result of their porous structure, it is possible to lower the density and thermal conductivity of various materials. The aim of this work is to analyze the influence of hollow glass microspheres in two granulations and expanded glass on the parameters of polymer plaster. Composites containing various amounts of lightweight fillers were prepared. Then, their parameters were compared in terms of the mechanical properties, thermal conductivity, vapor permeability, and water absorption. All three lightweight fillers successfully reduced the density of the polymer mass and improved plaster insulation. The best effect was achieved with both types of hollow glass microspheres. The weight of the polymer binder was reduced by up to 80%. In the case of expanded glass, the density was only reduced by 38%. At the same time, the composites were studied in terms of their mechanical and moisture properties. The specimens with the highest amount of lightweight filler showed significant deterioration in elasticity due to disturbance of the pigment:binder ratio. They cracked at lower deflection angles. By not exceeding 20% of the filler, no effect on flexibility was observed in any of the three investigated fillers. Interpretation of the research results indicates that the studied lightweight fillers allow a plaster mass to be obtained with an extremely low thermal conductivity coefficient, less than 0.086 W/mK. However, while ensuring the optimal proportion between fillers and polymer binder, it is possible to reduce the coefficient to 0.261 W/mK without noticeable deterioration of the mechanical properties.

2

Scratch behaviour of surface modified hollow glass microsphere filled PC/ABS composites

Sai B.L.N. Krishna, Tambe Pankaj

Composites Theory and Practice

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2022

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R. 22, nr 3

135--141

EN

In this paper, hollow glass microspheres (HGMs) were surface treated using a silane coupling agent to coat the surface with an amine functional group. Modified and unmodified HGM filled polycarbonate (PC)/acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) (70/30 wt.%) composites were prepared using a twin-screw extruder and then injection moulding. By means of FTIR spectroscopy, it was found that the modified HGMs containing the amine group formed an aminolysis compound with the PC phase. Scratch studies were performed at low load to avoid fracturing the composites during the test so that deformation of the material only happened in order to understand the influence of HGMs and modified HGM on the scratch behaviour of the composites. The silane modified HGM filled PC70/ABS30 composites exhibited improvement in scratch behaviour as compared to the composites containing unmodified HGMs. The 5 wt.% HGM-NH2 filled PC70/ABS30 composites demonstrate good improvement in scratch resistance as they attained the the highest values of scratch force, coefficient of friction, and scratch hardness among all the compositions of composites.

3

Compositions of unsaturated polyester resins used for facing layers of laminates

Oliwa Rafał

Polimery

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2020

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T. 65, nr 10

738--742

EN

Hybrid composites of unsaturated polyester resin with the addition of glass microspheres and bentonite modified with a quaternary ammonium salt were obtained. The content of bentonite in composites was 3 wt %, while glass microspheres varied in the range of 5–15 wt %. The effect of the addition of glass microspheres on the rheological and mechanical properties of unsaturated polyester resin composites containing modified bentonite was investigated. On the basis of the obtained results, it was found that the optimum content of glass microspheres in polyester composites at which a clear increase in the value of most mechanical parameters was achieved, is 15 wt %. The Young’s modulus, flexural modulus, tensile strength, and Charpy impact strength increased by 14.7, 38.7, 17.7 and 25%, respectively, compared to the unmodified resin. On the other hand, with relation to the sample containing 3 wt % of bentonite, a significant improvement was achieved only in the case of the flexural modulus and impact strength, amounting to 16.5 and 36.0%, respectively. In addition, composite with 15 wt % of glass microspheres was characterized by a smaller, by about 25%, flexural strength in relation to the unfilled resin and resin with 3 wt % of bentonite. In turn, rheological studies have shown that as the content of glass microspheres increased, there was an increase in viscosity and a decrease in gelation time in relation to the reference sample and the sample with 3 wt % of bentonite.

PL

Otrzymano hybrydowe kompozyty nienasyconej żywicy poliestrowej z dodatkiem mikrosfer szklanych oraz bentonitu modyfikowanego czwartorzędową solą amoniową. Zawartość bentonitu w kompozytach wynosiła 3% mas., natomiast udział mikrosfer szklanych zmieniał się w zakresie 5–15% mas. Zbadano wpływ dodatku mikrosfer szklanych na właściwości reologiczne oraz mechaniczne kompozytów nienasyconej żywicy poliestrowej zawierających modyfikowany bentonit. Stwierdzono, że optymalna zawartość mikrosfer szklanych w kompozytach poliestrowych wynosi 15% mas., kompozyty z taką zawartością mikrosfer wykazują wyraźną poprawę większości właściwości mechanicznych. Wartości modułu Younga, modułu elastyczności, naprężenia zrywającego, udarności wg Charpy'ego oraz twardości zwiększyły się o, odpowiednio, 14,7; 38,7; 17,7 oraz 25%, w porównaniu z odpowiednimi wartościami odnoszącymi się do niemodyfikowanej żywicy. Natomiast w wypadku próbki zawierającej 3% mas. bentonitu uzyskano istotne zwiększenie jedynie modułu elastyczności i udarności, wynoszące, odpowiednio, 16,5 oraz 36,0%. Kompozyty z zawartością 15% mas. mikrosfer szklanych charakteryzowały się mniejszym, o ok. 25%, naprężeniem zginającym niż żywica nienapełniona i żywica z udziałem 3% mas. bentonitu. Badania reologiczne wykazały, że wraz ze wzrostem zawartości mikrosfer szklanych w kompozycji nastąpiło zwiększenie lepkości oraz skrócenie czasu żelowania w odniesieniu do odpowiednich wartości próbki referencyjnej i próbki z 3% mas. bentonitu.

4

The effect of hollow glass microspheres on the properties of high silica glass fiber fabric/liquid silicone rubber composite sheet

Chen S., Qin Y., Song Y., Wang B.

Polimery

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2018

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T. 63, nr 3

178--184

EN

In this study, high silica glass fiber fabric/liquid silicone rubber (HSGFF/LSR) composite sheet filled with hollow glass microspheres (HGM) was prepared. The effects of HGM content on the mechanical, thermal insulation and dynamic mechanical properties of the composite sheet were investigated. The results showed that the compatibility and interfacial properties between HGM and the matrix were improved after the HGM was treated with a silane coupling agent, KH550. Composite, in which the HGM content was 7 % by weight, shows the most advantageous mechanical, insulating and damping properties.

PL

Na bazie tkaniny z włókien kwarcowych (HSGFF) nasyconej ciekłym kauczukiem silikonowym (LSR) otrzymywano kompozyty napełniane mikrosferami szklanymi (HGM). Badano wpływ dodatku mikrosfer na właściwości mechaniczne, izolacyjność cieplną i właściwości dynamiczno-mechaniczne kompozytowych arkuszy. Stwierdzono, że modyfikacja mikrosfer szklanych za pomocą silanowego czynnika sprzęgającego KH550 poprawiła kompatybilność i oddziaływania międzyfazowe cząsteczek HGM i nasyconej ciekłym kauczukiem tkaniny z włókien szklanych. Najkorzystniejsze właściwości mechaniczne, izolacyjne i tłumiące wykazywał kompozyt, w którym zawartość HGM wynosiła 7 % mas.