Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

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Rozwój technik wytwarzania przyrostowego materiałów wybuchowych

Cieślak Piotr, Prasuła Piotr, Czerwińska Magdalena, Wieja Łukasz

Problemy Techniki Uzbrojenia

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2023

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R, 52, z. 164

111--131

PL

W ostatnich latach nastąpił gwałtowny rozwój technologii druku 3D. Wytwarzanie przyrostowe obejmuje coraz więcej gałęzi przemysłu, od produkcji bardzo małych i wymagających wysokiej dokładności wykonania elementów w inżynierii biomedycznej do wytwarzania modułów rakiet w przemyśle kosmicznym. Rozpatrywane są również możliwości zastosowań technologii addytywnego wytwarzania w przemyśle zbrojeniowym, gdzie rozwijane są techniki druku obejmujące nie tyko wytwarzanie elementów wyposażenia, ale i bezpośredni druk materiałów wybuchowych. W artykule przedstawiono obecny poziom wiedzy na temat druku 3D materiałów wybuchowych. Ponadto, zaprezentowano najczęściej wykorzystywane techniki wytwarzania przyrostowego oraz ich praktyczne zastosowanie przez różne ośrodki badawczo-rozwojowe. Skupiono się również na scharakteryzowaniu materiałów stosowanych obecnie do druku oraz modyfikacji samych technik wytwarzania.

EN

There has been a rapid development of 3D printing technology at the turn of recent years. Additive manufacturing is expanding into more and more industries, from very small and high-precision components production in biomedical engineering to the manufacture of rocket modules in the aerospace industry. The possibilities of using additive manufacturing technology in the defence industry are also being considered, where printing techniques are being developed, including not only the production of equipment elements, but also direct printing of explosives. The article presents the current level of knowledge on 3D printing of explosives. In addition, the most frequently used techniques of additive manufacturing and their practical application by various research and development facilities were presented. It is also focused on the characterization of materials currently used for printing and the modification of the manufacturing techniques.

2

Properties of explosive systems containing water

Maranda Andrzej, Polis Mateusz, Nikolczuk Karolina

Materiały Wysokoenergetyczne

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2022

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T. 14

14--25

EN

The paper presents the of the properties of explosive mixtures containing water as one of the basic components. The literature data analysis was performed for binary mixtures containing: aluminum dust, ammonium nitrate(V) and high-energy explosives (nitrocellulose, trinitrotoluene, hexogene, pentrite) or their mixtures, smokeless powders in addition to water. The most frequently described parameters were the brisance, the detonation velocity and the detonation capacity.

PL

W artykule przedstawiono właściwości wybuchowych mieszanin zawierających wodę jako podstawowy składnik. Analizę danych literaturowych wykonano dla mieszanin binarnych zawierających oprócz wody: pył aluminiowy, azotan(V) amonu lub wysokoenergetyczne materiały wybuchowe (trinitrotoluen, heksogen, pentryt) lub ich mieszaniny oraz prochy bezdymne. Najczęściej opisanymi parametrami były: kruszność, prędkość detonacji i zdolność do detonacji.

3

Theoretical Modelling of Shaped Charges in the Last Two Decades (1990-2010): A Review

Shekhar H.

Central European Journal of Energetic Materials

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2012

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Vol. 9, nr 2

155-185

EN

Shaped charges are used for the penetration of targets in all three dimensions of warfare - land, air and naval. With fillings of high explosives compositions inside, they generate a thin high velocity metal jet, which can perforate the targets. Shaped charges can penetrate tanks with thick armour protection, they can destroy bunkers, they can destroy aircraft and are also useful for attacking ships or submarines. Although shaped charges have a very long history since the Second World War, theoretical modelling efforts started with the steady state theory of Birkhoff in 1948. This theory was modified by the non-steady state theory known as the PER theory of shaped charges. Later, several contributions from experimental evidence were incorporated in the theoretical formulations, and the mathematical models were refined by including the virtual origin, and physical qualities of the jet breakup time, defragmentation into particulates time, the diameter of the metal jet, wave amplitude etc. To review the development of theoretical modelling of shaped charges, three stages are defined. The first is the development until 1990, when the theory of shaped charges was fully developed and penetration predictions with fairly good accuracy were possible. The second stage reviews work carried out in the last decade of the 20th century. During this period good experiments were planned, parametric study was carried out and the results incorporated in the mathematical model of shaped charges. The third stage is all work done in the 21st century (2000-2010), when the tools for advanced diagnostics, new fabrication and inspection, as well as new liner materials were incorporated. The anomalies obtained were resolved by further refinements in the developed theoretical models. The unexplored areas of the theoretical modelling of shaped charges are also enumerated in this paper.

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Analiza nowych wysokoenergetycznych materiałów wybuchowych

Pietrzyk S., Błądek J., Nowaczewski J.

Biuletyn Wojskowej Akademii Technicznej

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2007

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Vol. 56, nr 3

145-152

PL

Przedstawiono wyniki doświadczeń nad zastosowaniem chromatografii cienkowarstwowej (TLC) do analizy nowych wysokoenergetycznych materiałów (HNIW, TEX, TNAZ, DADNE) na tle stosowanych powszechnie klasycznych materiałów wysokoenergetycznych. Dobrano układ chromatograficzny umożliwiający poprawny rozdział badanych związków i określono ich parametry analityczne. Zaproponowane rozwiązanie analityczne wykorzystano do identyfikacji powybuchowych pozostałości materiałów wybuchowych w próbach gleby i betonu. Anality wydobywano z matryc techniką ekstrakcji cieczowej, a następnie zatężano, oczyszczano i analizowano za pomocą TLC (TLC wykorzystano do celów preparatywnych i anlitycznych). Wykazano możliwość wykorzystania zaproponowanej procedury analitycznej do identyfikacji powybuchowych pozostałości materiałów wybuchowych w próbkach pobranych z miejsc zdarzeń.

EN

Results of invastigation on application of instrumented thin layer chromatography (TLC) in detection and analysis of novel high energetic explosives such as HNIW, TEX, TNAZ and DADNE in the presence of conventional explosives like TNT, HMX, RDX, PETN and TETRYL are presented. Chromatographic systems that make possible the separation of the tested explosives were found and the analytical parameters were determined. The developed analytical procedures were used to identify the compounds in post explosion environmental samples. Analytes were recovered from soil and concrete by liquid extraction and the concentrated extracts were purified and analyzed using TLC technique (TLC was used for preparative and analytical purposes). The possibility of application of the procedures for identification of post explosion of the explosives in samples, taken from the place where an explosives charge has been detonated, is confirmed

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Application of TLC for Analysis of Trinitrotoluene Residues in Environmental Samples

Błądek J., Nowaczewski J., Maranda A.

Central European Journal of Energetic Materials

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2005

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Vol. 2, nr 4

63-76

EN

The results of researches on possibility of thin-layer chromatography (TLC) application in analysis of after explosion residues of trinitrotoluene in environmental samples are presented. A testing stand for model charges detonation was designed and made. Methods of extraction were specified and recoveries were estimated (they were about 80%). Chromatographic system suitable for analyte separation from other explosives and matrix components was proposed. A linear response curve of changes of densitometric measured A values versus analyte mass c in chromatographic band was received (A = 35 051c - 838). A limit of detection (70 ng) and maximal range of linear measurements (2800 ng) was defined. TLC was used as an analytical method and - in case of more complicated measurements – as a technique of sample preparing for GC/MS measurements?.