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1 Environmental Biotechnology

1 2009

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Application of nine species-specific microsatellite loci to characterize three pike-perch (Sander lucioperca) populations from the Aral Sea basin in Uzbekistan

Khurshut E., Kohlmann K.

Environmental Biotechnology

2009

Vol. 5, No. 1

3-10

The pike-perch is one of the main commercial fish species in Uzbekistan. Historically, it inhabited the Aral Sea and deltas of inflowing rivers (Amu-Darya and Syr-Darya). At the beginning of the 1960s it was introduced into water bodies of the middle Amu-Darya and Syr-Darya from the Ural River. The present study was aimed to evaluate the current genetic status of wild pike-perch populations from different water bodies using nine recently isolated species-specific microsatellite markers. The three examined Uzbek pike-perch populations expressed significantly higher average numbers of alleles per locus (5.56 to 14.22) than three year-classes of a German wild population (3.11 to 3.78) included for comparison. On the other hand, average observed and expected heterozygosities were not significantly different in both regions (0.743 and 0.760 in Uzbek pike-perch; 0.576 and 0.471 in German pike-perch). After sequential Bonferroni corrections all Uzbek populations were found to be in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Genetic differentiation between all populations as estimated by FST values was statistically significant. Pike-perch from Amu-Darya River delta and Tudakul reservoir were less differentiated from each other probably due to gene flow between them (both water bodies are connected) whereas the more distinct Syr-Darya River population showed indication for introgression with non-native individuals stocked in that region. Since stocking is widely practiced to satisfy the growing demand of pike-perch fisheries in Uzbekistan, fish seed for such activities should be obtained from local, genetically undisturbed populations such as the Amu-Darya River delta population.