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EN
Purpose: The medical services market in developed countries is subject to market principles only to a limited extent. In fact, its size and directions of development are determined by all stakeholders through their influence on consumers and payers of health services. The aim of this study is to identify the main market participants and forms of influence used to modify the supply and demand for health services. Design/methodology/approach: The basic research problem concerns the identification of interest groups influencing the size of the health services market and forms of influence on other market participants to ensure the implementation of the set health and economic objectives. Findings: The influence of medical market interest groups leads to an increase in the quantity and quality of medical services provided to consumers in excess of market demand. It also causes a permanent failure to meet the demand for free health services. Practical implications: The planning of health expenditures should take into account the activity of interest groups operating in the health services market, which leads to an inefficient allocation of financial resources expected by society to finance health services and public, economic, and social institutions operating in its immediate vicinity. Social implications: The present paper is a voice in the discussion on the rationalization of health expenditures incurred by society. The decision on the scope of health services provided is ultimately a political decision. However, it is necessary to rationally channel the financial flows from public and private payers to health and peri-health care providers, medical equipment and pharmaceutical manufacturers, and private and public health sector administration. Originality/value: Identification of entities directly influencing the health services market in Poland.
PL
Diagnostyczne świadczenia laboratoryjne w sytuacji finansowania ich ze środków publicznych mogą stanowić świadczenia gwarantowane. Aby jednak miały status gwarantowanych, muszą być jako takie przewidziane przez ustawę, a skierowanie na wykonanie takich badań musi wystawić lekarz ubezpieczenia zdrowotnego, w innym wypadku pacjent wykona je tylko odpłatnie. Lekarz może posiadać u mowę o współpracy z laboratorium diagnostycznym i tam kierować swoich pacjentów lub też tylko wystawić skierowanie, a pacjent sam decyduje, w jakim laboratorium dokona badań.
EN
Diagnostic laboratory service, when funded from public finance, may constitute guaranteed service. It is possible under 2 conditions: its status as a guaranteed service has to be confirmed by law and a referral has to be drawn by a health insurance doctor. If the doctor does not cooperate with any particular laboratory, a patient may make his/her own decision.
EN
One of the most important issues, when discussing creation of rational health care system, is improving its efficiency. One of the solutions is for example computerisation of the health care, which includes creation of a national medical services register - RUM - that is a system of collecting and processing medical services data. The basic assumptions of launching RUM occurred in the beginning of the 90's. Some of Health Insurance Fund have already implemented RUM. Nowadays the experience gained in the past is being used in works leading to launching the system RUM II. NFZ is responsible for the coordination of program of implementation and has set a "Strategy of using databases by NFZ and the directions of NFZ data system development for the years 2001-2010" as well as "Conception of RUM II generation". Their assumptions and predicted results and benefits will be discussed in this analysis.
EN
Health protection is one of the most capital demanding national economy departments. Therefore detailed analyses have been carried out concerning health service economic aspects. The costs of medicines and other treatment procedures have been traced. Military health service ought to be restructured in the following areas: organisation, personnel and finances. The basic criterion to choose medical services performer will be its effectiveness measured by: the amount of time necessary for the recovery, lengthening the life time, decreasing death rate and cases of sickness and also frequency of appearing complications. While working on health insurance reform, suggestions of medical doctors and managers should also be taken into consideration.
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