Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

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Badanie odbioru relacji odległości dwóch pojazdów przy włączonych i wyłączonych światłach mijania

Kepa P., Żagań W.

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

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2013

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R. 89, nr 11

290-293

PL

Wypadki drogowe stanowią jeden z głównych problemów życia społeczno-gospodarczego związanego z utratą życia, zdrowia, kosztami medycznymi, utratą mienia, problemów prawnych czy obciążenia psychicznego. W niniejszym artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań dotyczące oceny przez uczestników ruchu drogowego relacji odległości dwóch pojazdów przy włączonych i wyłączonych światłach mijania. Wyniki przeprowadzonych badań mają się przyczynić do rozważań na temat celowości używania świateł w porze dziennej przez cały rok, skutkujących ograniczeniem liczby tragedii ludzkich oraz strat ekonomicznych związanych z wypadkami drogowymi.

EN

Traffic accidents constitute one of the major socio- economic problems relating to the death, deterioration of health, medical expenses, losing the property, legal problems or mental disorders. In the foregoing article there have been presented the results of the survey which pertain to the participants’ assessment of the traffic and the distance between two vehicles which headlights are switched on or off. The outcome of the abovementioned research is to contribute to the consideration about the purpose of using the lights diurnally throughout the year that exerts an influence on the reduction in the number of mishaps and economic losses connected with the traffic accidents.

2

Headlamp replacements’ comparison method

Targosiński T.

Journal of KONES

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2013

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Vol. 20, No. 4

451--456

EN

There are many replacements of headlamps on the market. Offered replacements parts should be “identical” as original and type approved. In fact it means that should have similar to original outside appearance and mounting fixtures and external size allowing for replace original one. From legal point of view to be placed in vehicle replacement headlamp should be type approved. Most important aftermarket criterion is low price. They are often offered for half or even less of original components price. From the other side the replacements can have less performance than original. When final customer want to make comparison between original and aftermarket headlamp it is a problem because there is no standard procedure or information allowing to compare performance. Similar problem have components wholesalers or end sellers. It is also important for traffic safety because many of contemporary headlamps meet some type approval requirements with significant surplus. To try solve this problem was developed method on the base measurements done using “Headlights’ analyser”. This device allow for measurements of illumination distribution of beam pattern. Appropriate analysis of recalculated illuminance can give important information allowing for comparison beam patterns of different headlamps, especially replacement. This method is based on as much as possible identical aiming of each headlamp using analytical finding of cut-off line than comparing important characteristics of road illumination and glare.

3

Headlights type approval requirements and on field requirements - technical impact on safety

Targosiński T.

Journal of KONES

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2012

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Vol. 19, No. 4

625-632

EN

On field requirements for headlights are significantly dependent on type approval requirements. But the type approval requirements are described differently than exploitation requirements. They assume that basic photometrical requirements tested during type approval are met. But this assumption is not described and checked. Finally on field real headlamp photometric values could be significantly different than expected because depends on factors as light source geometry tolerance, headlamp design sensitivity for filament geometry, possible precision of aiming/levelling method. Moreover drivers and services awareness of this situation is not meaningful. As result safety during nighttime traffic is significantly deteriorated. In paper are described important factors concerned way of defining present type approval requirements. It concern the way of defining of photometric criteria for vertical measuring screen in fixed distance, choice of points and zones for assessment, limits and their restrictions. Also differentiation of requirement in dependence on light source used is analysed as well as some other important factors. The important issue is glare caused by headlights and their restriction in type approval requirements. It is also analysed influence on headlights performance on field conditions as result of lack of reference to imperfect but defined type approval photometric requirements. The visual aiming on the base of cut-off line and subjective judgement is the only way to allow use of vehicle. Moreover as well service as drivers believes that this is sufficient for safety driving at night with speeds allowed by common road traffic law.

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Passing beam visibility distance - technical possibilities, legal requirements and road safety

Targosiński T.

Journal of KONES

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2011

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Vol. 18, No. 4

511-517

EN

Night-time visibility is essential for road traffic safety. It depends mostly on quantity of light falling on the objects important to be seen to avoid collision. The relatively simple and easily understood criterion for quality of passing beam is visibility distance. In fact visibility distance of driver using headlamps is a much more complicated function of many factors such as design of headlamp, light source used, mounting height, aiming, change of beam pattern inclination during change of vehicle load. From point of view of legal requirements it is important to meet all requirements concerning all mentioned factors. But the problem is that there are separate legal requirements for light sources, headlighting systems and mounting conditions on vehicle. Final visibility distance is significantly influenced by coincidence of all this performances but also by visual possibilities of driver and road conditions. The process of requirements creation is complicated. A number of experts work on them for a long time. It is influenced by technical progress, market needs, level of knowledge and experience. . In this paper author describes influence of important factors for present state of possible and real visibility distances in dependence on technical design, kind of light source used and way of creation of type approval requirements and propose improved concept for aiming and levelling.