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Vibration analysis of a MacPherson type suspension system

Georgiev Zlatin, Kunchev Lilo

Transport Problems

2024

T. 19, z. 3

193--202

The road surface disturbs the pneumatic tyre in the contact patch withdifferent frequencies. The disturbing frequency depends on the speed of the vehicle andthe wavelength of the road irregularities. In the current study, the propagation of thevibrations created at the contact patch through the suspension is presented. The oscillationsare transmitted to the car body through the rubber mounts and the support joints. Whenthese vibrations reach body panels (roof and floor panels, windows, etc.), they aretransmitted to the air and, thus, the structure-borne noise in the passenger compartment iscreated. The structure-borne noise defines the vehicle comfort for the frequency range upto 400 Hz. The main task of noise, vibration, and harshness engineers is to avoid couplingbetween tyre and chassis elements’ natural modes, which significantly increases the levelof structural noise in the passenger compartment. The accelerations of the oscillations weremeasured for different points of the suspension and the car body. The measurements weretaken for two sets of tyres (summer and winter) of the same size and mounted on the samerims. The disturbing frequency was in the range of the tyre’s natural modes. The results forthe two sets of tyres were compared. The measurements were taken for different airpressure in them. This comparison shows the effect of the tyre type on the structure-bornepropagation and determines whether increased noise levels are due to the resonance of thetyre or a suspension element. In addition, a finite element analysis (FEA) was conducted.The model points out the exact element responsible for the high levels of vibrations. Thus,the coupling between the tyre and suspension natural modes can be avoided.