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Evaluation of the groundwater levels and salinity in irrigable areas using geographical information system (GIS)

Ayaz Müslüm, Sesveren Sertan

Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich

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2019

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nr III/1

263--278

EN

Efforts on the management of water resources, especially irrigation and drainage, in arid-semiarid areas are extremely important for the sustainability of irrigated agriculture. Groundwater level should be constantly monitored and kept at the desired level in the project which is achieve the expected benefits from investments made for this goal. The research was done in right bank irrigation area which is located in Southeast Turkey, Suruc Plain in 2017. The spatial and temporal fluctuations of the groundwater table depth and groundwater salinity were measured in the course of five-month-periods; from July to October. The results of depth (m) and salinity (µmhos cm-1) of the groundwater observation wells were mapped using geographical information system (GIS). The results showed that groundwater was not found in many observation wells, while groundwater depth reached to a critical threshold level (2 m (risk free for drainage) from July to October in the study area. The groundwater salinity was found to be less than 2250 µmhos cm-1 at the research area. Depending on the research findings, it was noted that there were not any waterlogging, drainage and salinity problems stemming from the rise of groundwater table due to short-term irrigated agriculture in the plain.

2

Potential use of alluvial groundwater for irrigation in arid zones - Mhamid Oasis (S Morocco)

Dłużewski M., Kozłowski R., Szczucińska A.

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. S

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2017

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Vol. 24, nr 1

129-140

EN

In arid zones, the availability of fresh water is usually very limited because of high salinity, which greatly limits their use for irrigation purposes. High mineralization of water used for irrigation leads to increased soil salinity. The aim of the study was to examine the potential use of alluvial groundwater for irrigation in arid zones. The works were conducted in the Middle Draa Valley in southern Morocco (the Mhamid Oasis) in October 2015. Water samples of alluvial groundwater were collected for laboratory analysis from 42 wells located in the oasis. In order to determine the possibility to use the water for irrigation purposes, the Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR), sodium percentage (%Na), permeability index (PI), Kelly’s ratio (KR), magnesium hazards (MH) and electrical conductivity (EC) were assessed. EC values, exceeding 3000 μS·cm-1 in all the samples, classify the water as unsuitable for irrigation. MH and the KR indexes show that 30% of water samples represent levels making them unsuitable for irrigation. SAR confirms the very high degree of susceptibility of the analyzed waters to salinity hazard. The PI index of these waters is moderate, however in terms of sodium content they can be deemed suitable for irrigation purposes. It has been found that even within a small area of the oasis, a very large differentiation in the alluvial groundwater suitability for irrigation purposes occurs.

3

Wpływ wezbrań sztormowych morza na skład chemiczny płytkich wód podziemnych w rejonach nadmorskich na przykładzie Ustki

Pruszkowska-Caceres M.

Biuletyn Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego

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2011

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nr 445 Hydrogeologia z. 12/2

505--512

PL

Intruzja wód morskich do ujściowych odcinków rzek Przymorza jest uzależniona od stanów wód rzecznych i morskich. Zjawisko to może mieć miejsce w wyniku podpiętrzenia wód rzecznych przez morze w okresach sztormowych. Obserwuje się wówczas zmiany warunków przepływu wód i ich składu chemicznego. W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań nad jednym z takich zjawisk oraz jego wpływem na jakość wód podziemnych.

EN

Sea water intrusions into the Przymorze costal rivers of the Baltic Sea depend on the relationship between the water levels in the river and in the sea. It can occur in the periods of storms, when a change in the direction of water flow and the chemical composition of water is observed. This paper presents a results of a study conducted to describe one of these phenomena and its influence on groundwater chemical composition.

4

Metody elektromagnetyczne w okonturowaniu zasolonych wód podziemnych na obszarze zanieczyszczonym odpadami KWK "Brzeszcze-Silesia"

Kowalska A.

Zeszyty Naukowe. Górnictwo / Politechnika Śląska

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2008

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z. 285

127-135

PL

Metody elektromagnetyczne są skutecznym narzędziem w ochronie środowiska gruntowo-wodnego. W niniejszej pracy posłużyły okonturowaniu zanieczyszczeń wód podziemnycłi w ośrodku porowym na obszarze zdegradowanym depozycją odpadów ciekłych - zbiornik wód słonych Rontok Duży i stałych - składowisko odpadów powęglowych KWK "Brzeszcze-Silesia". Badania elektromagnetyczne przeprowadzono w wersji pomiarów bardzo niskiej częstotliwości (VLF - Very Low Frequency) miernikiem WADI oraz pomiarów konduktometrem EM-34. Wykorzystanie różnej aparatury pomiarowej do badań elektromagnetycznych, na obszarze zanieczyszczonym, pozwoli na porównanie wyników badań, zatem w przyszłości na tej podstawie będzie można dobrać odpowiednią aparaturę w zależności od zapotrzebowania

EN

Electromagnetic methods are efficient tools in groundwater protection. The paper presents electromagnetic mapping of groundwater contamination within degraded area of the 'Brzeszcze - Silesia' Coal Mine. Mine water reservoir 'Rontok Duży' and coal mining waste dump of 'Brzeszcze - Silesia' are situated in the area. The measurements have been made with two electromagnetic geophysical techniques: Very Low Frequency with WADI equipment and ground conductivity meter EM-34. Comparison of results acquired with different measurement methods allows selection of proper equipment in the future.