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Accelerated Particle Swarm Optimization-based Approach to the Optimal Design of Substation Grounding Grid

El-Fergany A.

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

2013

R. 89, nr 7

30--34

This article presents an application of the Accelerated Particle Swarm Optimization based approach to minimize the cost of grounding grids in high voltage substations while maintaining the legitimacy of safety necessities. The cost effectiveness and the constraints of ground potential rise, step and touch potentials are adapted to formulate optimized solutions for the grounding grid planning problem. The proposed approach attempts to calculate the optimal values of the grounding conductor lengths, cross sectional area, number of vertical rods, and depth of conductor burial while respecting a set of constraints within pre-set acceptable limits. Several test cases of grounding grid planning, some of them for real projects, are demonstrated to validate the proposed method. The superiority and efficacy of Accelerated Particle Swarm Optimization have been acknowledged in terms of grounding grid cost minimization, stable performance and short CPU computational time.

W artykule zaprezentowano wykorzystanie algorytmu rojowego do minimalizacji kosztów sieci uziemiającej w podstacji wysokiego napięcia. Zaproponowany algorytm optymalizuje długość przewodu uziemiającego, liczbę prętów i głębokość przy założonych kryteriach. Przedstawiono wyniki symulacji i eksperymentu.

A fault diagnosis method for substation grounding grid based on the square-wave frequency domain model

Zhang P.-H., He J.-J., Zhang D.-D., Wu L.-M.

Metrology and Measurement Systems

2012

Vol. 19, nr 1

63-71

Current methods of fault diagnosis for the grounding grid using DC or AC are limited in accuracy and cannot be used to identify the locations of the faults. In this study, a new method of fault diagnosis for substation grounding grids is proposed using a square-wave. A frequency model of the grounding system is constructed by analyzing the frequency characteristics of the soil and the grounding conductors into which two different frequency square-wave sources are injected. By analyzing and comparing the corresponding information of the surface potentials of the output signals, the faults of the grounding grid can be diagnosed and located. Our method is verified by software simulation, scale model experiments and field experiments.