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1
Content available Solar generation estimation in electric power systems for prospective frequency control studies
Martínez-García A. A., Torres-Breffe O. E., Vilaragut-Llanes M., Delgado-Fernandez O., Szpytko J., Salgado-Duarte Y.
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
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2022
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Vol. 16 No. 2
211--217
EN
Increasing the presence of non-conventional clean energy sources in Electrical Power Systems (EPS) is a global strategic goal. Particularly, photovoltaic systems are attractive due to their versatility, low maintenance cost, easy installation, noiselessness, etc. However, the integration of photovoltaic systems into EPS increases the necessary regulation actions performed by system generators due to stochastic fluctuations of solar radiation, especially on cloudy days. Even using complex models that consider many variables, solar irradiation and its corresponding photovoltaic power generation are difficult variables to forecast with accuracy in cloudy day scenarios. To address this problem, Energy Storage Systems (BESS) have been proposed as a solution to mitigate the variability of photovoltaic generation, which reduce the need to use traditional spinning reserves and provide auxiliary grid services. The BESS selection required to mitigate photovoltaic generation is directly related to the worst-case daily variability of photovoltaic generation in the short term. This paper proposes a practical estimation of daily perspective photo voltage solar generation curve in Electrical Power Systems.
2
Content available Is the use of green certification strategic or not?
Danis M., Acar A. Z., Arslan A.
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
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2022
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Vol. 16 No. 2
203--209
EN
Differentiation strategies are the most preferred strategies when it comes to surviving in a highly competitive environment. And the debate as to whether using sustainability for strategic positioning, e.g differentiation, is still a hot topic in literature. To that end, we investigated if green certification of 17 Turkish ports have been used with similar purpose. In this context, this study aims to find out whether the certification attempts of "green ports" in ports that are strategic nodes of global supply chains are strategically justified or just an action to catch up with other competitors. Drawing on qualitative analyses, a green port corpus content has been prepared. This corpus is comprised of 17 green certificated port CEOs’ interviews and their website contents. The results indicate that the Turkish ports generally carry out practices that follow the trends in the world, but they mostly implement them to imitate rather than being strategic.
3
Content available Emission inventory of ships calling at the port of Dubrovnik
Zekić A., Ivče R., Radonja R.
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
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2022
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Vol. 16 No. 2
219--223
EN
Cruising tourism is becoming increasingly popular, the number of cruises having seen a continuous increase since the 1970s. In Croatia as well there is an upward trend in the number of cruise passengers and ports. Of all Croatian ports, it is the port of Dubrovnik that has had the most calls by foreign cruisers. The paper analyses the available statistical data on the maritime cruise market in Europe with special reference to the Mediterranean countries. In the national context, a presentation of cruise traffic in the port of Dubrovnik is given. Although this type of tourism contributes to the development and improvement of the economy, it also has a negative impact on the environment through air pollution by CO2 emissions, subsequently affecting human health as well. The authors investigate the level of CO2 emissions in the area of the port of Dubrovnik. CO2 emissions were calculated based on cruiser activity, the calculations being based on CO2 emissions for three ship navigation modes - slow steaming on arrival and departure, manoeuvring on arrival and departure, and for a berthed ship. The aim of the research was to provide a better insight in the emission inventories in this area. This research can also be applied to other port areas.
4
Content available Sail catamaran with hybrid propulsion, design, theoretical and experimental studies
Litwin Wojciech, Piątek Daniel, Leśniewski Wojciech, Marszałkowski Konrad
Polish Maritime Research
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2022
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nr 2
12--18
EN
The development of modern lithium batteries and propulsion systems now allows the use of complex propulsion systems for vessels of various sizes. As part of the research and implementation project, a parallel hybrid drive system was designed, built and then tested in the laboratory. The experimental studies conducted allowed for the measurements of power, fuel consumption and electric power distribution in various operating modes of the propulsion system. The research proves that in the analysed case, the hybrid parallel system meets the demand for electric energy during a typical cruise scenario, and thus there is no need to install a power generator on the yacht.
5
Content available Analysis of marine risers subjected to shoal/deep water in the installation process
Wang Yikun, Luo Songxiang, Yang Mo, Qin Tao, Zhao Jing, Yu Gang
Polish Maritime Research
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2022
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nr 2
43--54
EN
The dynamics of the installation process of marine risers subjected to shoal/deep seawater is studied. The riser is assumed to be a cantilevered Euler‒Bernoulli beam. The upper end of the riser is clamped on the vessel or the drilling platform. The lower end of the riser is connected to the Blowout Preventer Stack (BOPs) and Lower Marine Risers Package (LMRP). The lateral fluid forces induced by the sea wave and sea current are introduced into the governing equations of motion. The lateral displacement and stress distributions of the riser are obtained by solving the governing equation of the riser via Galerkin’s discretisation scheme and a fourth-order Runge‒Kutta algorithm. The results indicate that the riser exhibits different behaviours under various depths because of the different distributions of the flow velocity ranging from the sea surface to the seabed. In the case of shoal water, the dynamics of the riser are dominated by the sea wave, while in the case of deep water it is affected mainly by the sea current velocity and sea surface wind velocity.
6
Content available Influence of the hull shape on the energy demand of a small inland vessel with hybrid propulsion
Karczewski Artur, Kunicka Magdalena
Polish Maritime Research
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2021
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nr 3
35--43
EN
Recently, there has been a significant development of ecological propulsion systems, which is in line with the general trend of environmentally friendly “green shipping”. The main aim is to build a safe, low-energy passenger ship with a highly efficient, emission-free propulsion system. This can be achieved in a variety of ways. The article presents the main problems encountered by designers and constructors already at the stage of designing the unit. The research conducted made it possible to create a design with an effective shape of the hull, with the prospect of an energy-efficient and safe propulsion system with good manoeuvrability. The scope of the research included towing tank tests, recalculation of the results in full-scale objects and a prediction of the energy demand of the propulsion system. The results obtained were compared to indicate power supply variants depending on the hull shape.
7
Content available Maritime Green Solution for Traffic Congestion
Petković M., Zubčić M., Krčum M., Vujović I.
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
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2020
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Vol. 14, no. 1
97--103
EN
Traffic congestion is a wide problem in many tourist destinations. Airports are usually distant from the city centers. Hence, road and rail traffic are widely used to connect airports and city centers. In this paper, we propose zero-emission solution for connection between airport and the center at the example of Croatian city Split. Since Split has become a popular tourist destination, the number of vehicles during summer season increases. As a measure to decrease air pollution, in this paper the marine traffic by electric vessels is proposed for the route Split – airport. Seven all-electrical vessels are presented with their technical characteristics. The idea is to have zero emission transfers by sea from the center of the Split to the airport. The criteria for minimum cruising speed is set to 13 knots, which ensures that one crossing takes 30 minutes and makes it competitive with other forms of transport.
8
Content available Energy efficient small inland passenger shuttle ferry with hybrid propulsion - concept design, calculations and model tests
Kunicka Magdalena, Litwin Wojciech
Polish Maritime Research
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2019
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nr 2
85--92
EN
In recent years, there has been a significant development in “green” and energy efficient propulsion systems, which fits into the general trend of environmentally friendly “green shipping”. The pursued goal is to construct a safe passenger ship that is low in energy demand and equipped with a highly energy efficient, emission-free propulsion system. The paper presents main problems encountered by designers of a small, hybrid-powered ferry powered lithium batteries. The conducted research allowed to create a design of an energy efficient hull shape, which decreases the demand for energy. Completed remote control model tests resulted in a proposal of an energy efficient and safe propulsion system with good manoeuvring capabilities. Measurements completed on an existing ferry permitted completing energy balance and forming an energy management policy. The paper contains the emission calculations computed for the existing ferry that are necessary for the environmental impact analysis. The soon to be constructed, newly designed vessel will provide a valuable contribution to hybrid-propulsion, energy management and unmanned technologies research.
9
Content available Energy efficient and environmentally friendly hybrid conversion of inland passenger vessel
Litwin W., Leśniewski W., Kowalski J.
Polish Maritime Research
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2017
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nr 4
77--84
EN
The development and growing availability of modern technologies, along with more and more severe environment protection standards which frequently take a form of legal regulations, are the reason why attempts are made to find a quiet and economical propulsion system not only for newly built watercraft units, but also for modernised ones. Correct selection of the propulsion and supply system for a given vessel affects significantly not only the energy efficiency of the propulsions system but also the environment – as this selection is crucial for the noise and exhaust emission levels. The paper presents results of experimental examination of ship power demand performed on a historic passenger ship of 25 m in length. Two variants, referred to as serial and parallel hybrid propulsion systems, were examined with respect to the maximum length of the single-day route covered by the ship. The recorded power demands and environmental impact were compared with those characteristic for the already installed conventional propulsion system. Taking into account a high safety level expected to be ensured on a passenger ship, the serial hybrid system was based on two electric motors working in parallel and supplied from two separate sets of batteries. This solution ensures higher reliability, along with relatively high energy efficiency. The results of the performed examination have revealed that the serial propulsion system is the least harmful to the environment, but its investment cost is the highest. In this context, the optimum solution for the ship owner seems to be a parallel hybrid system of diesel-electric type.
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