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Valuating ecosystem services

Żylicz T.

Ekonomia i Środowisko

2012

nr 2

18--38

In a well-known paper published in Nature and reprinted in Ecological Economics a year later, the value of world’s nature was tentatively estimated at 33 B UDS/year in 1994 dollars. This number was ridiculed by many commentators. One strain of criticism was to indicate that the number is clearly arbitrary since it is larger than the global GDP. This, however, is not a valid point since GDP measures the value of certain market transactions carried out in a year. It may well be (in fact, it is true) that some (in fact, most) of the services included in Costanza’s study never show up in the market and therefore they cannot be included in the GDP.