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1
Content available remote Hybrid photonics structures with grating and prism couplers based on ZnO waveguides
Struk P., Pustelny T., Gołaszewska K., Kamińska E., Borysiewicz M. A., Ekielski M., Piotrowska A.
Opto-Electronics Review
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2013
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Vol. 21, No. 4
376-381
EN
This paper presents the results of investigations concerning input-output systems of an electromagnetic wave in the visible and near visible spectrum for their application in structures of integrated optics. The input-output structures used in described planar optical waveguides are in a form of prism and grating couplers. The first part of the paper contains numerical analysis of grating couplers aiming at an optimization of their geometrical parameters, strictly – the depth of the grooves in the grating coupler. The second part presents the practical realization, as well as experimental tests of the planar optical waveguide with the hybrid input-output system. As the input system of the electromagnetic wave, a prism coupler was used, and in the case of the output system – a photonic structure with grating coupler was applied. The investigated planar wave guides with the input-output structures were made of a wide energy band gap semiconductor – zinc oxide (ZnO).
2
Content available remote Photonic structures with grating couplers based on ZnO
Struk P., Pustelny T., Gołaszewska K., Kamińska E., Borysiewicz M., Ekielski M., Piotrowska A.
Opto-Electronics Review
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2011
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Vol. 19, No. 4
462-467
EN
The paper presents investigations concerning the design and realization of photonic structures with grating couplers. The first part of the paper deals with basic theoretical information on photonic structures with grating couplers and their appli- cation in optoelectronics. The further part presents the results of numerical investigations on photonic structures with grating couplers and shows the influence of geometrical parameters on the effectiveness of the input and output of optic power into and out of this photonic structure. The paper also provides the results of experimental investigations on a wideband gap semiconductor, viz. zinc oxide ZnO, as well as its application in planar waveguide structures and photonic structures with grating couplers.
3
Content available remote Optical uniform/gradient waveguide sensor structure-characterization
Karasiński P.
Opto-Electronics Review
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2011
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Vol. 19, No. 1
1-9
EN
The paper presents the characterization of a composite uniform/gradient waveguide sensor structure. The results of theoretical analysis and experimental studies have been presented. The influence of sensor structure parameters on homogenous sensitivity and on surface sensitivity has been analyzed. Gradient layers for composite sensor structures were produced using the ion-exchange method, and the uniform layers, using the sol-gel method. In the experimental studies, involving the produced sensor structures, a prism coupler and a grating coupler were applied. Excellent agreement between the results of theoretical analysis and experimental studies has been achieved.
4
Content available remote Embossable grating couplers for planar evanescent wave sensors
Karasiński P.
Opto-Electronics Review
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2011
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Vol. 19, No. 1
10-21
EN
The paper presents input grating couplers to be applied in planar evanescent wave sensors. Waveguide films SiO₂:TiO₂ were obtained using the sol-gel method, and grating couplers with a groove density of 1000 g/mm and 2400 g/mm were produced using the method of master grating embossing in sol film. The influence of refractive index of the cover on incoupling angles was presented. Basing on the experimental results, detection limits involving the changes of effective indexes and refractive indexes of the cover for the investigated planar structures were determined. Sensor structures with the couplers having a groove density of 1000 g/mm enable to detect minimum changes of the effective index below 3.3×10⁻⁷ and to detect minimum changes of refractive index of the cover below 2.3×10⁻⁶. Detection limits for the structures with couplers having the groove density of 2400 g/mm are over twofold higher.
5
Struktury fotoniczne na bazie ZnO
Pustelny T., Struk P., Gołaszewska K., Ekielski M., Borysiewicz M., Piotrowska A.
Elektronika : konstrukcje, technologie, zastosowania
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2011
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Vol. 52, nr 9
30-32
PL
W artykule przedstawiono badania struktur fotonicznych ze sprzęgaczami siatkowymi. W pierwszej części artykułu przedstawiono zastosowanie powyższych struktur w układach optyki zintegrowanej jako układów wejścia-wyjścia oraz w strukturach sensorowych. W drugiej części artykułu przedstawiono badania tlenku cynku ZnO - transmitancji widmowej oraz badania wykonanej struktury fotonicznej ze sprzęgaczem siatkowym.
EN
The article presents the study of photonic structures with grating coupler. The first part presents the application of these structures in integrated optics systems as input - output system for the light and sensors structures. The second part presents the study of zinc oxide ZnO - spectral transmittance and research of photonics structures with grating coupler.
6
Content available Design and numerical analyses of the planar grating coupler
Struk P., Pustelny T.
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences
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2010
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Vol. 58, nr 4
509-512
EN
The paper presents the results of numerical analyses of the structures of integrated optics in the form of planar waveguides made of materials with high values of the refractive index n = 2.00 and with an input-output system in the form of Bragg grating couplers. The numerical investigations were carried out by using the FDTD method (Finite Difference Time Domain method).
7
Content available remote Optymalizacja sprzęgaczy siatkowych w układach optyki zintegrowanej
Struk P., Pustelny T.
Prace Naukowe Politechniki Śląskiej. Elektryka
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2009
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z. 4
95-101
PL
W artykule przedstawiono badania numeryczne struktury fotonicznej. W ramach badań numerycznych analizowano strukturę falowodu planarnego wraz z układem wejścia wyjścia w postaci planarnego sprzęgacza siatkowego o okresie A. Założono, że w strukturze jako warstwa falowodowa zostanie wykorzystany materiał 0 dużym współczynniku załamania nw=2. Głównym celem przeprowadzonych analiz numerycznych sprzęgaczy siatkowych było optymalizacja efektywności wprowadzania 1 wyprowadzania mocy optycznej do i ze struktury. Optymalizacja sprzęgacza siatkowego została wykonana za pomocą metody różnic skończonych w dziedzinie czasu (FDTD - Finite Difference Time Domain).
EN
The paper presents numerical analysis of integrated optics devices, especially an I/O system, based on planar grating couplers and planar waveguide. It was assumed that the waveguide layer was made of material possessing the very high light refractive index nw=2. The grating couplers of grate periods A were analysed as periodic light refractive index disturbance in the waveguide layer. The main goal of research was to verify the influence of grating coupler period depth on effectiveness of the coupling optical power in and out of the waveguide structure. The numerical investigations were carried out with use of the FDTD method (Finite Difference Time Domain method).
8
Planarne sprzęgacze siatkowe do zastosowań w spektroskopii pola zanikającego
Karasiński P.
Elektronika : konstrukcje, technologie, zastosowania
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2008
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Vol. 49, nr 6
94-96
PL
Praca dotyczy zastosowania wejściowego sprzęgacza siatkowego w spektroskopii pola zanikającego. Sprzęgacz siatkowy o okresie Λ = 1000 nm był wytworzony na światłowodzie planarnym SiO₂:TiO₂ z zastosowaniem metody zol-żel i odciskania wzoru siatki. Praca przedstawia wyniki analizy teoretycznej struktury sensorowej i wyniki badań eksperymentalnych wytworzonych sprzęgaczy siatkowych.
EN
The work involves the applications of input grating coupler in evane­scent field spectroscopy. Surface relief grating with period Λ = 1000nm on planar SiO₂:TiO₂ waveguides were fabricated by combination of a dip-coating method (sol-gel) with an embossing technique. The work presents the results of theoretical analysis of the sensor structure and the results of experimental research on the produced grating couplers.
9
Content available Zastosowanie sprzęgacza siatkowego do precyzyjnych pomiarów współczynnika załamania
Krasiński P.
Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola
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2007
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R. 53, nr 9 bis
277--280
PL
Praca przedstawia zastosowanie wejściowego sprzęgacza siatkowego do wyznaczania współczynnika załamania cieczy. Sprzęgacze siatkowe o stałej 1000linii/mm na światłowodach planarnych SiO2:TiO2otrzymywanych metodą zanurzeniową (zol-żel) wytwarzano poprzez odciskanie reliefu siatki. W pracy przedstawione są wyniki badań eksperymentalnych i wyniki analizy teoretycznej struktury sensorowej.
EN
The paper involves the application of input grating coupler for measurements of refractive index of the liquids. Surface relief grating with 1000 line/mm on planar SiO2:TiO2 waveguides were fabricated by combination of a dip-coating method (sol-gel) with an embossing technique. The paper presents the results of experimental research on the produced grating couplers and the results of theoretical analysis of the sensor structure.
10
Content available remote Sensor properties of planar waveguide structures with grating couplers
Karasiński P.
Opto-Electronics Review
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2007
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Vol. 15, No. 3
168-178
EN
The paper presents the results of theoretical analysis as well as the results of experimental research involving planar sensor structures with input grating couplers of the period Δ = 800 nm. In the theoretical part of the paper we discussed the influence of the parameters of a sensor structure on it sensitivities. The experimental part of the work presents the results of experimental research involving the influence of refractive index of the cover on the coupling characteristics of sensor structures with grating couplers. The full widths at half maximum (FWHM) were from 0.023° to 0.029°. For the investigated structures we estimated detection thresholds for the changes of refractive index of the cover and the changes of sensitive film thickness. It has been demonstrated that by the application of the elaborated structures we can detect minimal changes of the refractive index (Δnc)min = 2.1×⁻⁶ when the refractive index of the cover nc = 1.333 and (Δnc)min =1.0×⁻⁶ when nc = 1.515. For sensitive films of the thickness w<100 nm, by using the elaborated structures, we can detect mean changes of the thickness along the values lower than 10⁻³ nm.
11
Content available remote Bragg's grating coupler in planar optical sol-gel waveguides
Pustelny T., Zielonka I., Karasiński P., Jurusik J.
Optica Applicata
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2004
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Vol. 34, nr 4
477-487
EN
The aim of investigation was to develop a technique of producing Bragg's grating couplers on planar waveguides obtained by means of the sol-gel technique. Introducting a light beam into the waveguide structure is in the case of planar optical systems always an essential technological problem, requiring simple and reproducible solutions without extending the waveguide structure too much. The paper deals with the technology of producing grating couplers by impressing the pattern of the network while forming the planar waveguide structure applying the sol-gel method. the results of investigation on grating couplers obtained in such a way have also been presented. Attention has been drawn to the possibility of using such structures in optoelectronic sensors, particulary gas sensors, including sensors of toxic gases.
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