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Kartodiagram w wybranych programach komputerowych

Bajer A., Korycka-Skorupa J.

Polski Przegląd Kartograficzny

2008

T. 40, nr 3

247-266

W artykule przedstawiono różne możliwości opracowania kartodiagramów w wybranych czterech programach komputerowych typu GIS. Omówiono mapy opracowane w sposób automatyczny, według ustawień domyślnych oraz takie, których opracowanie wspomagane jest wiedzą kartograficzną wykonawcy. Prześledzono poszczególne etapy opracowania kartodiagramu oraz możliwości programów GIS w tym zakresie. Otrzymane mapy oraz ich legendy oceniono pod względem respektowania podstawowych zasad metodyki kartograficznej.

Two types of computer software can be used for map preparation: a graphic program, eg. Corel Draw orAdobe lllustrator, or Geographic Information System (GIS). The article presents various options of diagram map preparation in four selected GIS-type computer pro-grams: Maplnfo Professional 7.8, ArcMap 9.1 (from ArcGIS 9.1 package), MapViewer 7, Microsoft Map-Point 2006. The analysis involved using the programs to present statistical data in the form of a diagram map, and evaluation of the resulting map. Subsequent stages of diagram map preparation were analyzed as were the capabilities of particular programs in that respect (fig.1). The elements which are vital for map's correctness were analyzed in the first place. After defining the basie assumptions of the diagram map method and identifying errors possible at each stage it was possible to evaluate the accuracy of solutions applied in particular programs. Maps prepared using the default settings were analyzed as well as those, the preparation of which asked for some cartographic skill of the user. The analysis showed that the programs provided a similar level of options in respect to diagram map preparation. None of them is faultless, but they all have their strengths. Only MapPoint falls behind; it is significantly poorer and provides less options. It can be stated that Maplnfo, ArcMap and MapViewer are all similarly useful for diagram map preparation, although they differ in their functionalities at different stages of editing. Preparation of a proper diagram map asks for relevant cartographic skill. For a skilled user GIS programs can provide a tool for quick and simple preparation of acceptable and often visually attractive diagram maps. Programs are easy to use, so even an inexperienced user will be able to prepare a map with them. Unfortunately in such cases quality may suffer, because the programs contain some shorteomings and cartographically questionable solutions. There are also many 'traps' which await an inexperienced editor. Regretfully the programs do not include any limits as to the number of elements of the presented structure. Cartographic conventions and code of practice, which result from many years of experience should be considered during the preparation of GIS-type cartographic software. Such programs would enable any, even inexperienced, user to visualize data in a way both comprehensible and correct.

O konieczności wykorzystania narzędzi służących do wirtualnego modelowania trójwymiarowych obiektów oraz ich użyteczności w procesie kształcenia inżyniera konstruktora

Abramczyk J.

Journal Biuletyn of Polish Society for Geometry and Engineering Graphics

2001

Vol. 11

8--14

In the paper, the author presents precise examples and advantages arising from com-puter support, regarding shaping of students skills in the field of constructions of virtual models and their projections. Last years brought large dissemination of virtual methods of creation of engineering objects prototypes. It was possible thanks to high accessibility and capabilities of latest ver-sion of computer software. Computer models are more and more often a starting point while preparing primary drawing parts of technical documentations. On basis of these models fiat drawings of views, sections, projections and details are generated. Moreover, in order to in-crease attractiveness of projects, animations and Internet presentations are produced. The designer, who effectively uses only computer when creating engineering objects, should have the following skills: a) spatial perception of objects, b) application of rules characteristic for a proper representation method, c) restitution of spatial objects based on fiat projections, d) advisable application of all functions available in a given software, e) self-education regarding new software upgrades. Basing on his research, the author concludes that most problems are caused by the restitution of objects copied in Monge's projections.