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Species distribution models of Türkiye’s endemic genus: Seminemacheilus Banarescu & Nalbant, 1995 (Cypriniformes: Nemacheilidae)

Sungur Sevil

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2024

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Vol. 53, No. 2

177--185

EN

Climate change is having a major impact on species distribution and habitat loss, especially for species with restricted ranges. The genus Seminemacheilus is endemic to Türkiye and includes six species. This study investigated the current distribution of the genus Seminemacheilus and its possible distribution in 2050 and 2070 using the Wallace platform, a Maxent modeling method. Simulations of future projections indicated that bioclimatically suitable habitats of Seminemacheilus spp. will be limited in 2050 and nearly extinct in 2070. The model is primarily affected by temperature and precipitation, which are directly associated with the phenomenon of global warming. It has been established that conservation strategies must be developed to protect the species of the genus and avoid habitat deterioration.

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Analysis of the factors contributing to environmental pollution in the subcarpathian province

Kalda Galyna, Krokos Jolanta, Pietrucha-Urbanik Katarzyna

Czasopismo Inżynierii Lądowej, Środowiska i Architektury / Journal of Civil Engineering, Environment and Architecture

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2024

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Vol. 71

19--31

EN

The work presents an examination of Poland's environmental condition, with a focus on the contamination of air and surface waters by various chemical elements. The composition and quality of the air impact ecosystems, plant growth, the animal kingdom, and shape human living conditions. These factors play a significant role in driving global climate change. The repercussions of air pollution encompass phenomena such as smog, acid rain, ozone layer depletion, as well as impacts on industrial and municipal facilities, contributing to global warming. The article conducts an analysis of air pollution, surface water contamination, and electromagnetic radiation pollution in Subcarpathian, utilizing the city of Stalowa Wola and the Stalowa Wola county as case studies. This choice is informed by the fact that Stalowa Wola stands as one of the largest industrial cities in the Subcarpathian Voivodeship, suggesting that environmental pollution levels in this county might surpass those in other regions. The article also delineates the features of air and surface water pollution, along with electromagnetic radiation characteristics. It scrutinizes pollution sources in the mentioned county, explicates the causes of such pollution, and proposes strategies for environmental amelioration. The analysis of the environmental status of Stalowa Wola county during the years 2018 to 2020 is presented, accompanied by recommendations for initiatives that could enhance its condition. The research findings indicate that the condition of uniform segments of surface waters, as evaluated through conducted studies, is deemed poor. The discharge of wastewater from specific pollution points, particularly wastewater from municipal origins, emerges as the predominant cause of subpar water quality.

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Ecological and climatic challenges facing documents of local development strategies (on the example of Lower Silesian municipalities in Poland)

Czaja Stanisław, Rutkowska Małgorzata

Economics and Environment

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2023

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No. 3

366--381

EN

The paper presents the results of a study on how global climate change is reflected in local development strategies. The study included 173 Lower Silesian municipalities and is one of those rarely undertaken in the Polish literature. They were based on original studies of local development strategies carried out between 2016 and 2022, as well as interviews with those responsible for preparing and updating these documents. The research covered 250 local development strategies developed for 173 Lower Silesian municipalities (existing and updated). The authors briefly discussed the importance of development strategies in the functioning of municipalities and local communities. The main formal and substantive mistakes made in such documents are also presented. The main element of the presentation was the ways (forms) and the extent to which global climate change is reflected in municipal development strategies. The study has confirmed the main hypothesis that global climate change is insufficiently addressed at the local level in the analysed municipalities.

PL

W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań w zakresie odzwierciedlenia globalnych zmian klimatycznych w dokumentach lokalnych strategiach rozwoju. Badania objęły 173 gminy dolnośląskie i należą do rzadko podejmowanych w piśmiennictwie polskim. Zostały one oparte na autorskich badaniach lokalnych strategii rozwoju przeprowadzonych w latach 2016-2022 oraz wywiadach z osobami odpowiedzialnymi za przygotowanie i aktualizację tych dokumentów. Badaniami objęto 250 lokalnych strategii rozwoju opracowanych dla 173 dolnośląskich gmin (istniejących i aktualizowanych). Autorzy omówili pokrótce znaczenie strategii rozwoju w funkcjonowaniu gmin oraz lokalnych społeczności. Przedstawiono także główne formalne i merytoryczne błędy popełniane w takich dokumentach. Głównym elementem prezentacji były sposoby (formy) i zakres odzwierciedlenia globalnych zmian klimatycznych w gminnych strategiach rozwoju. Studia twierdząco zweryfikowały główną hipotezę o niedostatecznym odnoszeniu globalnych zmian klimatycznych do poziomu lokalnego w badanych gminach.

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Econometric Analysis of the Impact of Climate Change on the Sustainability of Agricultural Production in Ukraine

Skrypnyk Andriy, Zhemoyda Oleksandr, Klymenko Nataliia, Galaieva Liudmyla, Koval Tatiana

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2021

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Vol. 22, nr 3

275--288

EN

The aim of this paper was to determine the mechanisms of climate change impact on the yield of the main exportoriented crops in the agro-climatic zones of Ukraine. The study of the problem of changing the acreage of the main export-oriented crops was conducted according to the data of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine on the time horizon 2000-2018 in the following order: first, the dynamics of the change of the acreage under corn, sunflower and wheat by the agro-climatic zones of Ukraine was analyzed; secondly, the trends of yield changes of these crops were investigated based on the increase in the difference in yields between the northern and southern zones; and, finally, the temporal and spatial expansion in the area of crop propagation were investigated by applying the panel regression method. The findings obtained indicate that the applied models confirm the assumption of the effects of climate change on crop yield changes and the zones expansion in the northern direction. If the country’s wheat area can be considered stable (variation is insignificant), then the corn and sunflower areas have grown steadily under the influence of increasing demand from national and world markets. At the same time, the growing acreage under corn and sunflower occurred in all climatic zones. Stable expansion of corn crops in the north direction in all three agroclimatic zones of Ukraine has been statistically confirmed. The article presents the findings of empirical analysis, which confirm that if the boundaries of soil and climatic zones change, the conditions of growing crops and their yield will consequently change as well. Thus, based on current global forecasts, the impact of weather on Ukraine’s agriculture will increase, and the most negative effects can be expected in the Steppe zone, where the likelihood of weather and climate risks increases, requiring the development of adaptation and mitigation measures as well as exploitation of new potential opportunities that are being opened. Studies have shown that there is an expansion in crops to the north and a change in their pattern, including a significant increase in the area under corn.

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Effect of international agrements concerning the climate protection on the energy policy of Poland

Kubicki Dariusz, Sędłak Paweł, Stawicki Tomasz

Polish Technical Review

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2020

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No. 2

11--17

EN

In the paper, the effect of the recommendations of the international communities, connected with the promotion of the idea of the necessity to protect climate and counteracting the global warming on Polish environment-friendly solutions, as implemented by the Polish Government and the related legislation have been presented. Also, the project of developing the assurance of the energy security of Poland in aspect of international agreements, aiming at the reduction of GHG (greenhouse gases) emissions and counteracting the unfavourable climate changes has been discussed.

PL

W pracy przedstawiono wpływ zaleceń społeczności międzynarodowej związanych z propagowaniem idei konieczności ochrony klimatu oraz przeciwdziałaniu globalnemu ociepleniu na polskie rozwiązania proekologiczne realizowane przez rząd polski i związane z nim ustawodawstwo. Omówiono również projekt rozwoju zapewnienia bezpieczeństwa energetycznego polski w aspekcie porozumień międzynarodowych mających na celu zmniejszenie emisji gazów cieplarnianych i przeciwdziałaniu niekorzystnych zmian klimatycznych.

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Effects of elevated CO2 and temperature on growth and morphology of fir (Abies faxoniana Rehd. et Wils.) and native herbs in a treeline ecotone : an experimental approach

Hou Y., Luo Z., Kaiyun W., Jenerette G., Qiao Y.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2010

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Vol. 58, nr 2

311-322

EN

Determining how changes in atmospheric CO2 concentrations and climate affects growth of species is helpful for understanding plant community species shift in response to future environmental changes. In the present study, fir (Abies faxoniana) and native herbs from treeline ecotone of east Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (altitude: 3230-3300 m) were exposed to ambient CO2 or ambient +350 [mu]mol.mol[^-1] CO2 concentration in combination with ambient or ambient +2[degrees]C air temperature for two years in enclosedtop chambers. The results showed that elevated CO2, elevated temperature and the combination of elevated CO2 and temperature increased biomass, height and diameter of fir compared to the control. Elevated CO2 decreased biomass of Deyeuxia scabrescens, but increased for Fragaria orientalis and Cardamine tangutorum. Except for Fragaria orientalis, herbaceous biomass decreased by elevated temperature. The combination stimulated growth of Fragaria orientalis and Cardamine tangutorum, but suppressed for Deyeuxia scabrescens and Carex kansuensis. The results also demonstrated that elevated CO2 and temperature increased the crown size and altered the morphology of fir, with benefits for resource capture, and did not affect growth of herbs. Larger root to shoot ratio of fir contributed the enhancement of biomass, while negatively influencing the growth of some herbs. This indicates morphological changes of trees may modify their growth responses and species around them to environmental changes. The different effects of elevated CO2 and temperature on the growth of species in treeline ecotone suggest that climate change may alter community composition and structure.

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Spatial and interannual variations of seasonal sea surface temperature patterns in the Baltic Sea

Bradtke K., Herman A., Urbański J.A.

Oceanologia

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2010

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No. 52 (3)

345-362

EN

On the basis of monthly averaged satellite data, this study examined how the annual cycle of the Baltic Sea surface temperature (SST) varied spatially and temporally during the period 1986-2005. We conclude that there are two main thermal seasons in the Baltic Sea separated only by short transitional periods - spring lasting about one month, and autumn lasting two months. Generally speaking, summer covers the part of the year from June to October with the highest monthly mean SST in August. Winter, with a minimum monthly mean SST in February in shallow waters or in March in deeper areas, lasts from December to April. As a result of climate changes over the Baltic Sea region, strong positive trends in SST occur in the summer months. In consequence, the period with extremely high sea surface water temperatures has become slightly longer in the central Baltic. In the last decade winter changes in SST display zero or even negative tendencies. The investigated period was characterized by an annual increase in mean temperatures of about 0.03-0.07°C. However, the rates of monthly mean SST changes were sometimes more than three times as high.

8

Response of soil nematodes to climate-induced melting of antarctic glaciers

Ilieva-Makulec K., Gryziak G.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2009

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Vol. 57, nr 4

811-816

EN

Nematode colonization and establishment of nematode communities on icefree areas created by the recession of Antarctic glaciers were studied on the Antarctic Specially Protected Area (ASPA) No. 128 (Western coast of Admiralty Bay, King George Island, South Shetlands Islands). Soil samples were taken along three transects marked between sea shore and Ecology Glacier, Baranowski Glacier and Windy Glacier and assigned to four age-class intervals: 0-7, >7-29, >29-52 and >52 years after the retreat of the glaciers. Changes in nematode communities, in terms of abundance, diversity and trophic structure were related to the duration of the ice-free period. The abundance of nematodes increased with the age of ice-free areas. The highest numbers of nematodes were found on the sites free of ice for more than 52 years. Taxonomic and trophic diversity of nematodes on these sites was also significantly higher in comparison to the rest sites. Nematode communities on the sites from the first three age-class intervals were poor in genera (up to 6 genera) while on the oldest sites in total 16 genera of nematodes were found. A trend of increasing the number of nematode trophic groups along the age classes was also apparent - from community of nematodes belonging to only two trophic groups (bacterial and fungal feeders) on younger ice-free sites to more complex community of nematodes (belonging to five trophic groups), at the oldest sites.

9

Weathering rates, natural organic matter and global climate change : are they related ?

Macalady D. L., Ranville J. F., Sæther O. M.

Landform Analysis

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2007

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Vol. 5

49--50

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Tree rings of Norway Spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karsten) in Lithuania as drought indicators : dendroecological approach

Vitas A.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2004

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Vol. 52, nr 2

201-210

EN

Dendrological research on the radial growth of Norway spruce in Lithuania during the 20th century has been conducted. Hypothesis of the study is following: intensity of droughts during the 20th century is the main factor determining the state of spruce forests in Lithuania. Aim of the study was to estimate the impact of dry spring and summer climate conditions on Norway spruce during the 20th century with a respect to global climate change. Climate impact on the radial growth of spruce using multivariate regression techniques and detection of pointer years (i.e. years with narrow tree rings in the majority of trees) was investigated. The results show that for radial growth of spruce the most important factor is humid beginning of summer and that from four to six pointer years to droughts during the 20th century are attributed.