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Phytotoxicity of vermiwash (leachate) from home vermireactor - verification of methodology

Stejskal Bohdan

Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich

2019

nr III/1

279--290

Vermicomposting is a completely environmentally friendly technology that converts biodegradable waste into a value-added vermicompost. The vermicomposting technology can also be utilized for generating a bioliquid termed as vermiwash. In case of vermicomposting in vertical continuous feeding vermireactor (VermiHut Worm Bin), the vermiwash can be collected separately in the lowest part of vermireactor. Then the vermiwash can be used as a liquid fertilizer. The aim of the presented study was to assess the phytotoxicity of vermiwash depending on its concentration. To assess the phytotoxicity levels of the vermiwash, the germination index (GI) was calculated according to the certified methodology (the watercress assay). Within the pilot research, the certified methodology was verified and then optimized.

The application of the germination index in the assessment of the phytotoxicity of bottom sediments from the Rybnik Reservoir

Szara M., Baran A., Tarnawski M., Koniarz T.

Geology, Geophysics and Environment

2017

Vol. 43, no. 4

327--333

The aims of the study were to assess the phytoxicity of bottom sediments collected from the Rybnik Reservoir. The water reservoir in Rybnik is located in the Silesian Voivodeship. The reservoir constitutes a part of the technological chain of Elektrownia Rybnik S.A. as a direct receiver of industrial and rainwater sewage, sewage from a water treatment plant, blowdowns from cooling towers, and as an essential source of cooling water. Sediment samples were collected with an Eckman sampler from 33 locations. The toxicity of bottom sediments was determined using the Phytotoxkit direct contact test, carried out for 3 plants: Sorghum saccharatum, Sinapis alba and Lepidium sativum. On the basis of the data received, the germination index (GI) was calculated. We found the mean value of the germination index indicated the dominance of the inhibitory effect of bottom sediments on plant growth. Sorghum saccharatum was the most sensitive to pollutants in sediments, while Lepidium sativum was the least sensitive. The Phytotoxkit is a good tool for assessing the toxicity of bottom sediments.

Analysis of phytotoxicity of pyridine-2-, -3-, -4-amidoximes

Wojciechowska A., Parus A., Wojciechowska I., Iwiński H., Wieszczycka K., Szulc P., Zbytek Z.

Journal of Research and Applications in Agricultural Engineering

2016

Vol. 61, nr 2

130--133

Pyridine amidoximes are compounds used in production of substances with definite chemical and biological properties. They are used among other things as drugs, fungicides and bactericides. An important aspect of research consists in determination of influence of a chemical compound on the natural environment, including assessment of influence on land plants. The aim of the presented study included synthesis of pyridine-2-,-3- and -4-amidoximes and assessment of their influence on growth and development of a monocot model plant - maize (Zea mays L.). Analysis of the obtained results showed that all the compounds inhibited germination at concentrations above 500 mg.l-1. Therefore it can be concluded that phytotoxic effect of the compounds can be observed at concentrations above 500 mg.l-1.

Pirydynoamidoksymy są związkami stosowanymi w produkcji substancji o określonych właściwościach chemicznych i biologicznych. Znalazły one zastosowanie m.in. jako leki, środki grzybo- i bakteriobójcze. Ważnym aspektem badań jest określenie wpływu związku chemicznego na środowisko naturalne, w tym również ocena wpływu na rośliny lądowe. Celem prezentowanych badań była synteza 2-, 3- i 4-pirydynoamidoksymów oraz ocena ich wpływu na wzrost i rozwój modelowej rośliny jednoliściennej - kukurydzy zwyczajnej (Zea mays L.). Analiza otrzymanych wyników wskazuje, że wszystkie związki hamowały kiełkowanie w stężaniu powyżej 500 mg.l-1. Na tej podstawie stwierdzić można, że charakter fitotoksyczny związki te wykazują w stężeniach powyżej 500 mg.l-1.