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Changing the character of proxy warfare and its consequences for geopolitical relationships

Ivanov Zoran

Security and Defence Quarterly

2020

Vol. 31, No. 4

37--51

The main purpose of the article is to examine the causal relationship between key elements of the geostrategic environment (i.e. political, military, and technological) and the changes in the characteristics of proxy force. Qualitative data analysis is used to identify the geopolitical environment conditions, actors, and their relationship. The causal analysis between key elements of the geopolitical environment, such as politics, military, and technological, therefore influences how proxy forces change character. The findings imply that the contemporary geopolitical environment is changing the character of the proxies. They can be used as multipurpose forces depending on the desired strategic outcome. The results advocate that proxies have a global reach beyond the traditional battlefield. These capabilities allow proxies to be used in a wide range of political, economic, and military activities, especially in peacetime, and, therefore, influencing, changing, and damaging the state’s mutual relationships. Despite differences between several theoretical perspectives of security theories, many concur on the low desirability of proxy force. The changing characteristics of proxy war allow state and non-state actors to wage war with a minimal use of force, or none at all, beyond the traditional battlefield. Political violence demonstrated through proxy force to fulfil foreign policy goals has become even more violent. In such action, disregarding the sustainable strategic goal can easily damage the state’s international relations and threaten international and regional stability. The overall findings show the urgency for a more holistic approach in the analysis of proxy warfare as part of security studies and military operations.

Nauki o bezpieczeństwie : potrzeby i wyzwania

Keplin J., Pawlak C.

Kwartalnik Bellona

2017

Nr 2

51--57

Autorzy sygnalizują rzeczywiste problemy związane z badaniami nad bezpieczeństwem oraz wskazują na konieczność podjęcia prac nad rozwojem narzędzi umożliwiających realną ocenę badanego zagrożenia, jego wpływu na obszary PEMSII (polityczny, ekonomiczny, militarny, społeczny, infrastruktury, informacyjny), w tym: skutki, trend i możliwą eskalację. Zwracają uwagę na zagrożenia będące rezultatem globalizacji, mogące oddziaływać między innymi na sytuację ekonomiczno-gospodarczą państwa oraz na społeczeństwo. Wyjaśniają istotę nauki jako czynnika poznawczego, pozwalającego wesprzeć proces decyzyjny i budowę odporności państwa.

The aim of this article is to try to indicate actual problems in the field of security research and to highlight the necessity to work on the development of tools which could practically assess the threats and their impact on PMESII areas, including effects and possible tendency to escalate. Furthermore, the authors of the article point out the dangers resulting from globalization, which may affect, among other things, a state's economy and society. They also explain the role of science as a factor of scientific knowledge, supporting the decision-making process and building strength.