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Geopolityczne uwarunkowania bezpieczeństwa narodowego Polski w latach 1918-1939

Wyszczelski L.

Zeszyty Naukowe AON

2008

nr 1(70)

265-283

Poland’s geo-political position in 1918-1939 changed as a result of political changes in Europe, especially at the end of the 30s after Germany’s territorial annexes. The Treaty of Versailles provisions, wars for independent Poland’s borders in 1918-1921 and to a certain extent Poland’s annexation of Zaolzie in 1938 contributed to that position. The breakthrough events included signing the Treaty of Versailles (1919), Locarno Treaties (1925), Hitler’s rise to power (1933), the Munich Agreement (1938), consequently the collapse of Czechoslovakia and the subordination of this territory to the Reich and the Molotov - Ribbentrop Pact (23.08.1939). These events were prompted by western superpowers’ policy which in spite of signing political and military agreements with Poland did not act according to them and therefore Poland fought single-handedly with a double aggressor in September 1939 and was severely defeated. Taking into consideration Poland’s geo-strategic position in the problem mentioned above, Poland’s location was stressed on the trail of military expansions from the east to the west and vice versa, location among countries - Germany, Russia - which supported the expansion on the Polish territory, as well as unfavourable shape of Poland’s borders after World War I, especially lack of natural terrain obstacles.

Czy geopolityka jest nauką?

Mikołajec J.

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

2001

z. 6

115-123

Geopolityka jest zjawiskiem typowo nowożytnym, które powstało na przełomie XIX i XX wieku. W terminologii politologicznej występuje wiele, często znacznie różniących się od siebie, definicji geopolityki. Określenie "geopolityka" bywa stosowane zamiennie z określeniem "geografia polityczna", co może być przyczyną nieporozumień.

The geopolitics is a typically modern phenomenon, which appeared at the turn of the 19th and 20th century. As for the political terminology there are many different definitions of geopolitics. The term "geopolitics" is used intercheangably with the term "political geography" which can cause misunderstanding.