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Ionospheric perturbations: a case study of 2007 five major earthquakes using DEMETER data

Thomas Jewel Emem, Ekanem Aniekan Martin, George Nyakno Jimmy, Akpan Anthony Effiong

Acta Geophysica

2023

Vol. 71, no. 4

1607--1618

Using the Plasma analyzer (IAP) and Langmuir Probe (ISL) experiments of the Detection of Electromagnetic Emissions Transmitted from Earthquake Regions (DEMETER) lithospheric–atmospheric–ionospheric coupling has been observed before, during and after five major earthquakes with magnitudes greater than 6.5. The aim of this study is to use ionospheric parameters to identify the ionospheric perturbations associated with the five earthquake regions screened. All the three investigated ionospheric parameters of electron density, electron temperature and total ion density recorded perturbations within the investigative period. A total of 36 anomalies were obtained with 18 each for nighttime and daytime readings. The observed anomalies being screened for false alarm using the geomagnetic indices of Kernnifzer digit (kp) and disturbance storm time (Dst.) revealed 27.8% as geomagnetically induced perturbations. Thus, 72.2% of the studied anomalies transpired in quiet geomagnetic conditions, which is linked to seismic events.