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Działalność kartograficzna geologów z PIG w ramach Służby Geograficznej Komendy Głównej AK udokumentowana arkuszami mapy taktycznej WIG ze zbiorów Biblioteki Narodowej

Szaniawska Lucyna

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2020

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Vol. 68, nr 5

461--466

EN

At the end of 1987, 12 titles of sheets of a manuscript geological map of Poland, the existence of which had not been known to the researchers before, found their way to the collection of the National Library. Currently, they form a very valuable historical collection. The research of individual sheets in connection with information published by Bogusław Krassowski (1981) and facts from the biography of Professor Edward Rühle, published by his colleagues - geologists, allowed documenting some aspects of the underground activity of Polish geologists. The tactic map sheets 1:100,000, printed in the 1930s (except for the previous sheet Wyżwa) at the Military Geographic Institute (MGI), were use das the basis for the sheets being processed. Geological information has been manually marked on the map since at least mid-1942. The Iłża and Solec sheets document the names of geologists performing field (and possibly in-office) work: Władysław Pożaryski, Edward Rühle, Jan Samsonowicz, Czesław Kuźniar and Mieczysław Kobyłecki. Two sheets contain written dates indicating the period of their creation: “sendon 10/6. 1942” on the Iłża sheet, and the E. Rühle's reference number with the date2. XII [II or III]. 1942on the Opole sheet. Regardless of the direct purpose of these maps, they are testimony to the activities of the Geological Department of the Geographical Service of the Headquarters of Home Army, and document the underground work carried out by geologists of the Polish Geological Institute.

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Rola Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego w rozwoju kartografii geologicznej w Polsce

Marks Leszek

Przegląd Górniczy

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2019

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T. 75, nr 5

21--25

PL

Kartografia geologiczna jest głównym zadaniem każdej państwowej służby geologicznej, dostarczając informacji w formie graficznej i w postaci baz danych o budowie geologicznej i surowcach mineralnych. Utworzenie Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego w 1919 r. zainicjowało szeroko zakrojone prace kartograficzne w Polsce i zaowocowało przede wszystkim opracowywaniem przeglądowych, szczegółowych i tematycznych map geologicznych. Realizacja Szczegółowej Mapy Geologicznej Polski 1:50 000, złożonej z 1085 arkuszy, jest niewątpliwie największym osiągnięciem Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego. Na bazie tej mapy powstało wiele map seryjnych, a także setki map geologicznych i atlasów w różnych skalach, stanowiąc znaczący wkład do kartografii geologicznej regionalnej i europejskiej. Przyszłość kartografii geologicznej jest związana z budową stale aktualizowanych baz danych, powstających w ścisłej współpracy z krajami sąsiednimi i w ramach Unii Europejskiej.

EN

Geological mapping is the principal and primary task of every state geological survey and provides extensive graphic information (also in databases) on geological structure and mineral resources. Establishment of the Polish Geological Institute in 1919 laid the foundations for intensive geological mapping in Poland, basically reflected by systematic elaboration of general, detailed and thematic geological maps in different scales. The Detailed Geological Map of Poland 1:50 000, composed of 1085 sheets, is undoubtedly a leading achievement of the Polish Geological Institute. Production of this map was accompanied and followed not only by several other map sets but also by several hundred geological maps and atlases in different scales, being a substantial input to regional and European geological maps. Future geological mapping is to be combined with construction and development of geological databases, supported by wide cooperation with adjacent countries and within the European Community.

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Sto lat kartografii geologicznej w Państwowym Instytucie Geologicznym

Marks Leszek

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2019

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Vol. 67, nr 7

547--557

EN

Geological mapping is the principal and primary task of every state geological survey. This provides extensive graphic information (recently collected also in databases) on geological structure and mineral resources, supporting a sustainable approach to country development. Establishment of the Polish Geological Institute in 1919 laid the foundations for intensive geological studies in Poland and was basically reflected by systematic elaboration of general, detailed and thematic geological maps in different scales, being in line with the global state-of-the art. The Detailed Geological Map of Poland 1:50 000, initiated in the 1950s and composed of 1085 sheets, is undoubtedly a leading achievement of the Polish Geological Institute. Production of this map was accompanied and followed not only by several other map sets but also by several hundred geological maps and atlases in different scales, being a substantial input to regional and European geological maps that were prepared in international multilateral cooperation. Future geological mapping in the Polish Geological Institute is to be combined with novel global trends, including construction of geological databases and their continuous enrichment with new information, supported by wide cooperation with adjacent countries and within the European Community.

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O konieczności wykonania drugiej edycji Szczegółowej Mapy Geologicznej Sudetów w skali 1 : 25 000 : przykłady rewizji budowy geologicznej z wykorzystaniem podkładu lidarowego numerycznego modelu powierzchni terenu

Wojewoda J.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2016

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Vol. 64, nr 9

597--603

EN

The currently available map sheets issued under the edition of the Detailed Geological Map of the Sudetes at the scale of1 : 25,000 (SMGS25), and especially those compiled in the 1950s and 1960s, does not meet the requirement of uniformity and accuracy of mapping, and they do not contain some key information that has been acquired as a result of multidisciplinary geological studies in the Sudetes over the last half-century. New research tools, such as LIDAR models of the land surface (DEM), allow for partial migration of data and (or) the implementation of recent research results, however, it should be verified by experienced geologists in the field. This is documented by two examples of their use to different areas in the Sudetes, which are composed primarily of sedimentary rocks.

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Prussian geological maps of Northern Poland in the archives of the Polish Geological Institute and their current application in geology

Małka A., Jegliński W., Relisko-Rybak J.

Polish Cartographical Review

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2016

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Vol. 48, No. 4

185--196

EN

The article characterizes first general geological (lithological-stratigraphical) maps presenting Quaternary deposits in Northern Poland. These were the maps of territory of the Prussian partition, elaborated by German geologists from Prussian Geological Survey “Königlich Preussische Geologische Landesanstalt”. After Poland regained its independence they became a basis for many Polish geological publications. The article discusses the chronology and objectives of the main cartographic works of German geologists operating in the area of present-day Northern Poland (general and detailed geological maps) and briefly presents the methodology of geological mapping of lowlands at the scale of 1:25,000. The authors present initial results of the sheet inventory of the Prussian geological map at the scale of 1:25,000 owned by the Polish Geological Institute – National Research Institute (PGI–NRI). Quick search of Prussian map sheets is enabled with the created GIS data base which contains basic information about sheets, i.e. map title, year, author/authors, sheet title and topographic map designation. The applied relations between data and their spatial reference make it possible to dynamically generate section map and perform spatial analyses of any type. The multiuser geodatabase was created using ESRI and Oracle technologies. Until now the inventory covered the sheets available in the archives of the Marine Geology Branch of PGI–NRI in Gdańsk and the Pomeranian Branch of PGI–NRI in Szczecin. The article also presents examples of Prussian topographic and geological maps used to realize the objectives of the surface geology of Poland. Sheets of Prussian maps are a very valuable basis for elaboration of general and detailed Polish geological maps. Prussian maps make it possible to recreate the earlier geological, geomorphological and hydrographic picture of terrains which are now highly developed and antropogenically transformed. They are often used for the purpose of various time-spatial analyses, mostly to evaluate the dynamics and pace of erosional and accumulative coastal processes of the Southern Baltic coast. The maps of this type help to reconstruct and forecast the development of river mouths and to recreate the location of excavations and inactive open-cut mines of sand, gravel, clay, brown coal and amber. Old maps documenting the exact location of exploited deposits have practical application in geo-tourism.

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Engineering-geological maps of geological factors of the environment in Slovakia

Baliak F., Brček M.

Studia Geotechnica et Mechanica

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2013

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Vol. 35, nr 1

19--26

EN

In recent years, we have witnessed very frequent natural disasters such as earthquakes, floods, landslides, storms and similar. In most cases, disasters are caused by geological factors, especially geobarriers. Geobarriers threaten the life and works of man or reduce the effectiveness of the construction and operation of technical works, or harm the environment by negative anthropogenic influences. An important task in assessing the technical and environmental aspects of particular engineering activity is to assess the impact of constructions on the production and protection of the environment. The important part of the environment is the geological environment. In this paper, we give an overview of geological factors of the environment and the way how they are illustrated in the engineering-geological maps made in Slovakia.

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Analiza zmienności polskich pokładów soli kamiennej w aspekcie magazynowania gazu

Ślizowski J., Urbańczyk K., Lankof L., Serbin K.

Wiertnictwo, Nafta, Gaz

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2011

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T. 28, z. 1-2

431-443

PL

Do chwili obecnej jedynymi mapami geologicznymi wykorzystywanymi przy projektowaniu lokalizacji podziemnych magazynów gazu w pokładach soli kamiennej były mapy miąższościowe i mapy głębokości stropu lub spągu pokładów. Na ich podstawie wytypowano m.in. potencjalne lokalizacje takich magazynów na monoklinie przedsudeckiej i wyniesieniu Łeby. Dane te nie pozwalają jednak na określenie optymalnej lokalizacji, która w przypadku komór magazynowych gazu jest wypadkową miąższości i głębokości posadowienia. W publikacji przedstawiony zostanie sposób konstrukcji map ilustrujących atrakcyjność analizowanych rejonów pod kątem krótko- i długotrwałej pojemności magazynowej. Zaprezentowane rezultaty stanowią pierwszy etap prac i dotyczą wyłącznie analizy warunków geologiczno-górniczych.

EN

Until now, the only geological maps used in design of the location of underground gas storage facility in rock salt beds were contour maps showing thickness and depth of the deposit. On their basis, the possible locations of such storage facilities on the Foresudetic Monocline and the Leba elevation have been selected. Nevertheless, these types of maps are not sufficient enough to determine the optimal location, which in the case of gas storage caverns is a function of thickness and depth of the deposit. In the paper it is explained how maps of the attractiveness of the regions in terms of short-term and long-term storage capacity have been constructed. The presented results represent the first stage of the research and relate only to the analysis of geological and mining conditions.

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Analiza przepisów prawnych dotyczących treści map do celów projektowych w aspekcie uzgodnionych sieci uzbrojenia terenu

Buśko M., Przewięźlikowska A.

Przegląd Geodezyjny

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2010

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R. 82, nr 10

7-10

PL

W prezentowanym artykule poddano analizie treść mapy do celów projektowych w aspekcie obowiązku zawarcia na niej uzgodnionych, a jeszcze nie zinwentaryzowanych, sieci uzbrojenia terenu (USUT). Kolejnym problemem związanym z tą tematyka są zasady wydawania informacji o USUT, praktykowane przez różne ośrodki dokumentacji geodezyjnej i kartograficznej (ODGiK) na etapie wykonywania powyższej mapy. Szczegółowej analizie zostały również poddane przepisy prawa regulujące zasady pobierania opłat za informacje o USUT, wydawane w ramach procedury zgłoszenia pracy geodezyjnej w ODGiK.

EN

The presented paper discusses analysis of the content of a map for design purposes with respect to obligation to include the approved, although not yet implemented, networks of facilities (USUT) on that map. The next issue related to those topics concerns the rules of issuing information on USUT, which have been practically applied by various geodetic and cartographic documentation centers (ODGiK) at the stage of production of such maps. Legal regulations concerning the rules of calculating fees for information on USUT, issued in accordance to the procedure of submission surveying works to the ODGiK, are also discussed in details.

9

Special purpose engineering geological maps of slope failures in Slovakia

Baliak F., Stricek I.

Górnictwo i Geoinżynieria

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2010

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R. 34, z. 2

61-68

EN

The territory of Slovakia is characteristic with extremely frequent occurrences of various types of slope failures. Especially landslides are one of the major geotechnical problems in Slovakia. The landslides significantly affect building and operation of large amounts of transport, watermanagement and underground constructions. Results of regional research of slope stability of certain areas are perfectly illustrated in the special purpose engineering-geological maps of slope failures, which are usually made in scales from 1:5000 to 1:50 000. Slope failure maps can be classified by the content, type of compilation and their purpose. The most prevalent are large scale (M = 1:10 000) maps of engineering geological conditions and medium scale (M = 1:50 000) landslide susceptibility maps. Special purpose engineering geological maps of slope failures appear to be the most appropriate information for investors, city planners and developers.

PL

Terytorium Słowacji charakteryzuje się olbrzymią ilością wstępujących tu osuwisk. Są one jednym z głównych geotechnicznych problemów w kraju. Utraty stateczności zboczy wpływają na obiekty budowlane, dużą liczbę obiektów drogowych, konstrukcje podziemne oraz zaburzają gospodarkę wodną. Wyniki badań stateczności zboczy w danym regionie można doskonale zilustrować na specjalnie w tym celu tworzonych mapach geologiczno-inżynierskich osuwisk, wykonywanych przeważnie w skali od 1:5000 do 1:50 000. Mapy osuwisk można klasyfikować ze względu na zawartość, typ komplikacji i ich przeznaczenie. Najbardziej rozpowszechniona jest duża skala map (1:10 000) - warunków geologiczno-inżynierskich i skala średnia (1:50 000) - terenów sprzyjających osuwiskom. Mapy geologiczno-inżynierskie specjalnego przeznaczenia, pokazujące zbocza skłonne do utraty stateczności, wydają się być najlepszym źródłem informacji dla inwestorów, projektantów i deweloperów.

10

Kartografia geologiczna Tatr

Piotrowska K., Wójcik Z.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2008

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Vol. 56, nr 12

1069-1078

EN

The area in question represents northern part of the centralWest Carpathians and the boundary zone of Poland and Slovakia (before 1918 the boundary of Galicia and Upper Hungary). From the end of 18th century the authors of geological maps of this area were mostly Austro-Hungarian geologists, but also specialists from other countries. The first cartographic documents refer to the occurrence of mineral raw materials (Hacquet, 1796). A little later some elements of stratigraphy and tectonics were also considered (Staszic, 1815). Zejszner (1844) was the first to pay attention to biostratigraphy and this problem was continued by his followers. In the "Geological Atlas of Galicia" (1885-1914) the authors took into account tectogenesis, at first following the theory of contraction (Uhlig, 1897, 1899) and, subsequently, the concept of nappes (e.g. Lugeon, 1902, 1903; Uhlig, 1907; Limanowski, 1911; Rabowski & Goetel, 1925; Goetel &. Sokołowski, 1930; Guzik, 1939). Until the beginning of the 21st century, the number of cartographic works (maps and cross-sections) printed separately or as attachments and inserts within texts, reached more than 1000 positions. Particularly the cartography of the 20th century, including the map of the Tatra Mts. 1 : 10 000, represents very valuable basic material for the recently prepared "Detailed Geological Map of the Tatra Mts. 1 : 10 000".

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Geological map of Bosnia and Herzegovina 1: 300.000 : content and application

Čičić S., Bašagić M.

Reports on Geodesy

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2006

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z. 5/80

93--110