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Średniowieczne zamki pasma kaczawskiego geostanowiskami do prezentacji historii geologicznej regionu

Machowiak Katarzyna, Krawczyk Dorota, Flieger-Szymańska Michalina

Przegląd Geologiczny

2023

Vol. 71, nr 6

305--313

The article presents the possibility of using the knowledge of the stone building material of castles of the Kaczawa Belt for an easily accessible reconstruction of the regional geological history. The authors' idea can be used in the form of educational geosites. Selected castles: Wleń (Lenno), Bolków, Świny and Grodziec are widely known, situated not far from each other and built of various types of local building material. Visiting them, the tourist may realize that they are usually built of rocks on which they are founded or, for practical reasons, of rocks obtained in the direct vicinity. Taking a walk along geosites the potential tourist will see rocks of different ages and different lithologies in the walls of the castles, e.g. pillow lavas (now greenstones), sandstones, ignimbrites, rhyolithoids, breccias and basaltoids. This relative diversity, the presence of various volcanic forms and types of volcanites (e.g. related to submarine and terrestrial volcanism, alkaline, and felsic volcanism, etc.), makes it possible to present the lithostratigraphic evolution of the Kaczawa Belt, starting with the rifting of Gondwana and the oldest metavolcanic series, through uplift, magmatism and metamorphism, Rotliegend deposition, and accompanying volcanism, to erosion, Cenozoic re-uplift and accompanying young basaltic volcanism.

The natural and anthropogenic features of the coastal zone of the eastern Gulf of Finland

Spiridonov M. A., Zhamoida V. A.

Polish Geological Institute Special Papers

2004

Vol. 11

71-76

The development of the coastal zone of the eastern Gulf of Finland has a long geological history and depends on the several main factors. The primary configuration of the shoreline is connected with tectonic movements, which even at present are displayed in slow uplifting of the northern coast and slow sinking of the southern one. However, the main features of the recent coastal zone were formed during degradation of the last glacial cover and essentially transformed during post-glacial period of different water bodies’ existence. The processes of the modern morpho- and litho-dynamic are very changeable and expressed in the different accumulative and erosion forms of relief. The anthropogenic activity during last centuries results in local reconstruction of the conditions of existence and development of the coastal zone.