Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

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Land satellite imagery and integrated geophysical investigations of highway pavement instability in southwestern Nigeria

Ademila Omowumi, Olayinka Abel Idowu, Oladunjoye Michael Adeyinka

Geology, Geophysics and Environment

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2020

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Vol. 46, no. 2

135--157

EN

The high global numbers of road accidents due to bad roads and the failure of other engineering structures have necessitated this study, particularly as road transport accounts for a higher percentage of cargo movement in African countries. The geophysical investigation was carried out on six failed and two stable sections along the Ibadan-Iwo-Osogbo highway to examine the geological factors responsible for highway failure in the area. A Landsat ETM+ (Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus) imagery of the study area and its environs was acquired and processed for lineaments analyses. Magnetic, Very Low Frequency Electromagnetic (VLF-EM) and electrical resistivity methods involving Schlumberger Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) and 2-D imaging using a dipole-dipole array were utilized. Lineaments were identified across failed localities. Lateral magnetic variations in the near-surface geological materials characterized the study area. The 2-D VLF-EM models generated showed conductive zones corresponding to fractured zones of conductive clay materials within the basement rocks. Subgrade soils below the highway pavement along the failed sections are typical of incompetent clayey and sandy clay/clayey sand formations with resistivity values between 20–475 Ω∙m. In comparison, the subgrade soil beneath the stable sections has moderate to high resistivity values of 196–616 Ω∙m. 2-D resistivity structures across the failed segments identified low resistivity water-absorbing clay and lithological contacts. Water absorbing, clay enriched subgrade soils and the identified near-surface linear conductive features are the major geologic factors, and poor drainage network resulted in the highway failure. Remote sensing and geophysical investigations of the geological sequence and structures underlying the highway should be carried out before construction to effectively complement the routine geotechnical studies to ensure the sustainability of road infrastructure.

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High-intensity mining characteristics and its evaluation system of thick coal seam in China’s coalmines

Wen-bing G., Er-hu B., Da-ming Y.

Prace Instytutu Mechaniki Górotworu PAN

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2018

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T. 20, nr 2

147--158

EN

With the transfer of coal mining strategy and the continuous improvement of mining technology and equipment, the high-intensity mining of thick coal seam has become an important development direction of China’s coal mining technology. High-intensity mining would cause worse strata and surface movement and deformation and environment effects than general geological and mining conditions due to its geological and mining factors. According to analyzing the status and definition of high-intensity mining in China’s coalmines, the main characteristics of high-intensity mining in thick coal seam were systematically studied from aspects of geological and mining conditions, panel sizes, technical equipment, face advance speed, production and efficiency, ratio of depth to thickness, overburden strata and ground surface destruction. Based on the theory of green mining, the main indexes and evaluation system of high-intensity mining had been established from the aspects of geological and mining factors and mining damage factors. Meanwhile, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was used to analyze the mining damage factors. The results demonstrate that geological and mining factors and mining damage factors are important parts of high-intensity mining of thick coal seam. Moreover, mining damage factors are an important characteristic that cannot be ignored in high-intensity mining of thick coal seam, and it can be used to determine whether the longwall mining face of coal mine is high-intensity mining, or judge and analyze the damage to buildings, overburden strata, ground surface and ecological environment. The research results provide theoretical and technical basis for safe and efficient green production, mining damage and protection in coalmine.

3

Analiza wrażliwości wskaźnika wydajności brutto w ścianie wydobywczej

Gumiński A.

Wiadomości Górnicze

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2017

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R. 68, nr 11

526--535

PL

W artykule podjęto zagadnienie wydajności pracy, które jest istotne dla efektywnego ekonomicznie funkcjonowania spółki węglowej. Na podstawie badań przeprowadzonych w kilku ścianach wydobywczych w Kompanii Węglowej SA w latach 2014–2015 podjęto analizę zmian wskaźnika wydajności dołowej brutto w tych ścianach w zależności od zmian wybranych parametrów go determinujących. Zaprezentowane wyniki badań koncentrują się na czynnikach decydujących o efektywnym wykorzystaniu czasu pracy kombajnu ścianowego. Badania objęły wywiady bezpośrednie z kadrą inżynieryjno-techniczną, które pozwoliły na uzyskanie informacji na temat czynników i uwarunkowań geologiczno-górniczych, a także dobowy monitoring parametrów techniczno-organizacyjnych procesu produkcyjnego w analizowanych ścianach wydobywczych. Efektem podjętych badań było ustalenie wartości parametrów techniczno-organizacyjnych, co umożliwiło przeprowadzenie analizy wrażliwości wskaźnika wydajności brutto pracowników ściany wydobywczej.

EN

The article deals with the issue of labor productivity, which is important for the economically efficient functioning of a coal company. On the basis of research carried out in several active longwalls at Kompania Węglowa SA in 2014—2015, the analysis of changes in gross underground productivity index in those longwalls was undertaken, depending on changes in selected parameters determining the index. The presented research results focus on the factors determining the effective use of working time of a longwall shearer. The research included direct interviews with the engineering and technical staff, which allowed to obtain information on geological and mining factors and conditions, as well as daily monitoring of technical and organizational parameters of the production process in the analyzed active longwalls. As a result of the research undertaken, the value of technical and organizational parameters was determined, which enabled the conductance of the sensitivity analysis of the gross productivity of the employees of the active longwall.

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Evaluation of geological conditions for coalbed methane occurrence based on 3D seismic information: a case study in Fowa region, Xinjing coal mine, China

Li J., Li F., Hu M., Zhang W., Pan D.

Acta Geophysica

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2017

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Vol. 65, no. 2

345--351

EN

The research on geological conditions of coalbed methane (CBM) occurrence is of great significance for predicting the high abundance CBM rich region and gas outburst risk area pre-warning. The No. 3 coal seam, in Yangquan coalfield of Qinshui basin, is the research target studied by 3D seismic exploration technique. The geological factors which affect CBM occurrence are interpreted based on the 3D seismic information. First, the geological structure (faults, folds, and collapse columns) is found out by the 3D seismic structural interpretation and the information of buried depth and thickness of the coal seam is calculated by the seismic horizons. Second, 3D elastic impedance (EI) and natural gamma attribute volumes are generated by prestack EI inversion and multi-attribute probabilistic neural network (PNN) inversion techniques which reflect the information of coal structure types and lithology of the roof and floor. Then, the information of metamorphic degree of seam and hydrogeology conditions can be obtained by the geological data. Consequently, geological conditions of CBM occurrence in No. 3 coal seam are evaluated which will provide scientific reference for high abundance CBM rich region prediction and gas outburst risk area pre-warning.

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Kryteria i zasady określania ryzyka poszukiwawczego (COS)

Byrska-Rąpała A.

Zeszyty Naukowe Instytutu Gospodarki Surowcami Mineralnymi i Energią PAN

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2015

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nr 91

23--34

PL

Podstawowymi obiektami zainteresowań geologii górniczej są złoża kopalin, a metodyka szacowania ich zasobów to jedna z domen tej dyscypliny nauki. W górnictwie naftowym z metodyką szacowania zasobów złóż węglowodorów nierozerwalnie wiąże się określanie ryzyka poszukiwawczego COS (Chance of Success). Szansa na sukces w poszukiwaniu węglowodorów jest obliczana przez firmy naftowe na wiele różnych sposobów. Prawdopodobieństwo sukcesu jest modelowane przez rozważanie występowania i jakości kluczowych czynników geologicznych, tj. skały zbiornikowej, pułapki, czasu i warunków generowania węglowodorów, migracji. Firma naftowa analizuje każdy z czynników, a następnie przypisuje procentową szansę wystąpienia każdego czynnika na podstawie własnych zasad i kryteriów. W artykule zostały zaprezentowane zasady i kryteria oceny prawdopodobieństwa sukcesu COS opartego na praktykach największych firm naftowych.

EN

The main objects of interest of mining geology are mineral deposits and their resource estimation methodology is one of the domains of this discipline of science. In the oil and gas sector an estimation methodology of hydrocarbon resources is inextricably linked to the exploration risk determination of COS (Chance of success). COS for an oil or gas prospect is calculated by the oil companies in many different ways. The probability of success for a single segment prospect is usually modeled by considering key geological factors, for example: source, migration, timing, reservoir, trap and seal. An oil company analyzes each of them and then assigns a percentage chance of success resulting fromto each factor based on their own in-house system or rules. The article presents principles for the assessment of the COS based on the practices of major oil companies.

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Czynniki decydujące o wydajności pracy w wybranych kopalniach węgla kamiennego

Gumiński A.

Wiadomości Górnicze

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2012

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R. 63, nr 10

562--567

PL

W artykule przedstawiono analizę czynników determinujących wydajność pracy w kopalni węgla kamiennego. Do analizy zostało wybranych łącznie osiem zakładów produkcyjnych Kompanii Węglowej SA. Na podstawie analizy dokumentacji techniczno-ruchowej oraz wywiadów bezpośrednich z kadrą inżynieryjno-techniczną - określono dla każdej kopalni strukturę pracochłonności produkcji uwzględniającą główne działy organizacyjne kopalni. Określono wybrane czynniki geologiczno-górnicze decydujące o poziomie wydajności pracy w analizowanych kopalniach.

EN

The article presents an analysis of the factors determining productivity in a hard coal mine. Eight mines from Kompania Węglowa SA were selected for the analysis. Based on the analysis of the technical - operational documents and direct interviews with senior engineers and technicians the structure of labor intensity in the production process was defined, taking the account of the main organizational units of the mine. Selected geological and mining factors determining the level of labor productivity was specified in the analyzed mines.