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1

Problem of intraplate velocity determination for geokinematic interpretations

Bogusz J., Figurski M.

Reports on Geodesy

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2012

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z. 2/93

35--40

2

Geo-kinematics of Central Europe inferred from long-term monitored regional and local GPS networks

Hefty J.

Reports on Geodesy

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2008

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z. 2/85

9-18

3

The transmission of GNSS data in the distart network for real kinematic positioning

Barbarella M., Bedin A., Gandolfi S.

Reports on Geodesy

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2006

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z. 2/77

241-247

EN

The GNSS RTK-Networks have been aroused a great interest for the advantages in the surveying of the territory in comparison to the traditional RTK methodology. The DISTART in the last year has improved a Network for RTK positioning. At present the net is composed by 8 permanent stations. The control centre is nearby the Department of DISTART of Bologna University. This network is fundamental to investigate all aspects concerning the networks for real time applications. Particularly, not only the topographic feature is investigated, but a very important aspect concerning the data transmission infrastructure is analyzed. In fact the first experimentations demonstrated that the performance of the topographic network depends on the guarantee of a correct data transmission from the GNSS permanent stations to the Control Centre. To investigate on this field we built a network composed by mixed physical data transmission infrastructure between control centre and the permanent stations on the territory (topographic baselines about 70-80 Km) using university Italian network (GARR) and commercial networks. We studied the time of latency of data transmitted, that is an important aspect of the network, because to solve ambiguities every software for real time network solution needs that the GNSS permanent station observations arrives with a latency not too much greater than a second. Parallely we studied other important aspects of the data transmission in the network like the NAPs (Network Access Protocols), the velocities, the data formats (RTCM 2.X, RTCM 3.0). In this work we want to give the direction to characterize a procedure step by step of a network installation, wit h the purpose to define a standard, possibly certified, about procedures, materials, softwares to use to install a network of GNSS permanent stations for RTK positioning.

4

Kinematic GPS batch processing, improving ambiguity fixing performances

Roggero M.

Reports on Geodesy

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2006

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z. 2/77

227-234

EN

In kinematic observation processing the equivalence between the state space approach (Kalman filtering plus smmothing) and the last squares approach including dynamic has been shown (Albertellat al. 2006). we have specialized the proposed batch solution (least squares including dynamic), considering the case of discrete-time linear systems with constant biases, applying the algorithm to estimate the float ambiguities and their variance-covariance matrix in GPS observations (Roggero, 2006). The improvements in ambiguity fixing performances will be shown, through the ADOP, the dimension of the search space and the success rate.

5

Kinematic GPS batch processing, a constrained solution applied to antenna array

Roggero M., Roggero M.

Reports on Geodesy

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2006

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z. 2/77

235-240

EN

Kinematic GPS observation processing requires robustness, especially in noisy environments. Ambiguity resolution robustness can be improved with multi base approach and parameters constraining. We consider a discrete-time linear systems with known dynamics, produced by a GPS antenna array mounted on a vehicle. Simulated and real data examples are given, where both system dynamics and geometric constraints strengthen ambiguities fixing. The developed algorithm works in a multi-base approach with the simplifying hypothesis of short baselines.

6

Geokinematics of Central Europe from GPS data

Caporali A., Śledziński J.

Reports on Geodesy

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2006

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z. 2/77

17-28

EN

In several seismic or potentially seismic areas deformation processes at moderate depth generate deformation at the surface and measurement of such surface deformation is an important boundary condition to models of the evolution of interacting blocks before, during and after earthquakes. the network of some 160 permanent GPS stations disseminated in Europe under the European Permanent Network of EUREF and the CERGOP 2 Project of the European Union, with additional local densification stations, provides a valuable contribution to the estimate of the average surface strain rate. The expected strain rate is of the order of 20-40 nanostrian per year, corresponding to a velocity change of a few mm/year over distances of some hundreds of km. Consequently, we require accuracies in the velocities of fractions of mm/year and full control of systematic errors which may mask tectonic signals. Based on our systematic processing of GPS data from permanent European GPS stations covering nearly a decade (1995-2005) we present the large scale velocity flow across most of continental Europe and the associated horizontal gradient or strain rate field.

7

A short introduction to the geology, structural evolution, geophysical fields and geokinematics of the area studied by the CERGOP-2 countries and work package subgroups

Glazek J., Liszkowski J., Śledziński J., Vyskocil P.

Reports on Geodesy

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2006

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z. 4/79

19-53

EN

Looking at the geological map (Fig.l) and the geotectonic division of Europe (inset scheme on Fig.l) we can see, that the area investigated by the 7 groups for regional investigation (WP 10.1 to WP 10.7) of the CERGOP - 2 work package WP 10 "Geodynamics of Central Europe" (see tab. 1 for subjects and chairs) belongs almost exclusively to the Alpine Europe, called also Neo-Europe, a sector of the Alpine-Himalayan erogenic belt. More exactly this includes mountain chains from the Eastern Alps through Carpathians to Balkanides on the northern and north-eastern side of the major Alpine suture zone known in the Eastern Alps as Gailtal Line through substrate of Neogene Pannonian Basin to the Vardar Zone and the Southern Alps through Dinarides to the Hellenides on the southern and south-western side of these suture zone (Ager 1980, Peive et al. 1982 and Fig. 2). The forefield of the Eastern Alps-Carpathians-Balkans Alpine fold-and-thrust belt is very heterogenous and comprise tectonic units of Variscan (=Hercynian, e.g. Bohemian Massif of Czech Republic including the neighbouring strips of Austria, Germany and Poland), Caledonian (?, suggested within the Transeuropean Suture Zone - TESZ - of northern Germany and Poland, by Stille 1950, Znosko 1986 and questioned by Glazek 1995, Malinowski et al. 2005, Guterch & Grad 2006; cf. Fig. 3), and Ancient East European Craton - EEC (Ukrainian-Moldavian sector of the East-European Platform). To the SE the TESZ is covered by Alpine structures of the East Carpathians and again emerges in Dobrogea close to Black Sea (Fig. 2). There TESZ divide the EEC from the late Precambrian Moesian Platform (in Romania and Bulgaria) squeezed in between Balkanides (=Stara Planina) and southern Carpathians (Peive et. al. 1981,1982). These structures were described in details in a series of monographs published in Reports on Geodesy by the Chief Editor J.Sledzinski as results of the CERGOP-1 Study Group CSG 8 "Geotectonic analysis of the region of Central Europe".

8

Work-package 7 of the CERGOP-2/Environment: Geokinematical modeling and strain analysis, activity report September 2004-April 2005

Hefty J.

Reports on Geodesy

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2005

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z. 2/73

103-106

9

Contribution of the University of Padova to the EPN project on geokinematics

Caporali A., Baccini S.

Reports on Geodesy

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2001

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z. 3/58

101-120

EN

Time series of coordinates of permanent GPS stations are expected to exhibit a steady, linear trend in response to tectonic forces. This trend is, in fact, observed, but it is accompanied by variety of signatures, so that the overall spectral properties of the detrended, zero-mean time series differ from that of a random signal, especially in the medium (~~fraction of a year) to long (several years) period.The time series of the coordinates of 30 permanent GPS stations in the Alpine Mediterranean area with time spans from one to five years are presented.