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1

Geodynamics of the Eurasian and Africa–Arabian collision zone as exemplified by the Black Sea–Caspian Sea region

Adamia Shota, Sadradze Nino, Chabukiani Alexander, Lebanidze Zurab, Aphkhazava Maia, Sadradze Guga

Geotourism / Geoturystyka

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2023

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nr 1-2 (72-73)

9--10

EN

The lithosphere structure and geological evolution of the Caucasus and adjacent areas is determined by its position in the continental collision zone between the Eurasian and African-Arabian lithosphere plates, where convergence is still on-going at average rate of movement 10–30 mm/per year. The region located in the central part of the collision zone represents the lithosphere fragments collage of the Tethys Ocean and its continental margins. Within this area the system of island arcs, intra- and back arc bsins existed during Neoproterozoic–Early Cenozoic. Supra-subduction, midocean ridges and within plate magmatic activity took place during Paleozoic–Early Cenozoic. In Late Cenozoic closure of the oceanic and backarc basins took place followed by the continent-continent collision, topography inversion and formation of modern structures in the region (Adamia et al., 1981, 2017; Dercourt et al., 1986). During the pre-collision stage there were not two, but three Tethys branches. The third of them is Van-Khoi oceanic branch. Number of palaeo-subduction zones (two or three?) is still debatable within the academic community. One research group (e.g. Sosson et al., 2010; Barrier et al., 2018) admits existence of two subduction zones: Peri-Arabian and Ankara-Erzincan-Sevan-Zangezur zones, whilst another group including the abstract authors refer to the presence of three subduction zones and aside from abovementioned zones consider the presence of the Khoy Ocean and third subduction zone related to one of the Neotethys branches (Adamia et al., 1981, 2017; Dercour et al., 1986; Stampfli, 2001). According to Adamia et al. (1981, 2017), Dercourt et al. (1986), Daralogöz-South Armenian block and Nakhchevan (SAB) in the Late Paleozoic–Mesozoic–Early Cenozoic represent the part of the Iranian but not the Anatolian Microcontinent.

2

Geodynamics of Sibumasu Block in Southern Thailand: Interpretation from Heat Flow Map

Kongpet Panupong, Kanjanapayont Pitsanupong

Geotourism / Geoturystyka

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2023

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nr 1-2 (72-73)

37--37

EN

Southern Thailand, located on the thick and stable Sibumasu continental block, is known for its high heat flow despite lacking volcanic activity (Sautter et al., 2017). This study employs the Curie Point Depth (CPD) calculation, an indirect method, to evaluate land heat flow (e.g., Hsieh et al., 2014; Li et al., 2017; Qudsi, 2019). By analyzing airborne magnetic data and utilizing spectral analysis, the study generates CPD, thermal gradient, and heat flow maps for southern Thailand (e.g., Carrillo-de la Cruz et al., 2020; Núñez Demarco et al., 2021). The findings reveal heat flow values ranging from 61.54 mW/m² to 154.25 mW/m², with an average of 90.36 mW/m², surpassing the typical heat flow of 65 mW/m² for continental crust (Turcotte & Schubert, 2002). The study identifies five distinct zones characterized by higher heat flow compared to the surrounding areas: the Ranong fault zone (RF), Khlong Marui fault zone (KMF), coastline of Surat Thani and Nakhon Si Thammarat, Trang and Satun zone, and the Bentong-Roab suture (BRS). The RF and KMF represent active strike-slip faults that penetrate the continental crust into the upper mantle (Kanjanapayont et al., 2012; Sautter et al., 2017), while the BRS denotes a weak zone marking the suture between Sibumasu and Indochina terranes (Metcalfe, 2000), potentially extending into the mantle. The elevated heat flow observed along the coastline of Surat Thani and Nakhon Si Thammarat, as well as in the Trang and Satun zone, may be influenced by burial faults or fractures. Interpretation with P-wave tomography suggests a possible high heat mantle anomaly under southern Thailand (Huang et al., 2015). These initial findings suggest that the high heat flow in the thick and stable continental crust of Sibumasu originates from mantle upwelling caused by surrounding subducted plates under Eurasia. These heat sources manifest through weak zones in extensional regimes such as the RF, KMF, and possible undefined burial faults or fractures, as well as the BRS. The study provides preliminary understanding of present-day geodynamics of the Sibumasu block and its potential implications for mineral resources, petroleum exploration, geothermal energy, and carbon capture and storage.

3

Geodynamic studies in the Pieniny Klippen Belt in 2004-2020

Staniszewska Dominika, Liwosz Tomasz, Pachuta Andrzej, Próchniewicz Dominik, Szpunar Ryszard

Artificial Satellites : Journal of Planetary Geodesy

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2023

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Vol. 58, No. 2

88--104

EN

The Pieniny Geodynamic Test Field is situated in the middle of the region between the Inner and Outer Carpathians. Geodynamic research conducted in the past in the Pieniny Klippen Belt (PKB) region were suggestive of neotectonic activity. The goal of the investigation was to determine whether the nearby structures, the Podhale Flysh (FP) and the Magura Nappe (MN), are affected by neotectonic activity in the PKB. The goal of the study was to ascertain the velocity and direction of motion of stations situated close to the Pieniny Geodynamic Test Field’s 3 main structures. Twelve GNSS stations, including 6 in the PKB, 3 in the MN, and 3 in the FP, make up the Pieniny Geodynamic Test Field. Three GNSS sites in the Tatra Mountains (TM) complete the entire geodynamic test field. The satellite observations made between 2004 and 2020 (excluding the year 2005 due to lack of observation) were investigated to identify the horizontal movements. Using the IGb14 reference system, the station’s positions and velocities were calculated. First, daily sessions were used to process the horizontal coordinates of the points for an average observation epoch in a given year. Sixteen measurement epochs were included in the long-time solution. Based on the horizontal velocity residues in the north-south and east-west directions, the station’s movement was calculated. The collected results were compared to information from the EUREF Permanent GNSS Network (EUREF) and to the findings of prior research on the tectonic activity of the PKB. The results of horizontal displacements calculated using GNSS measurements in the area of the PKB and nearby structures-the MN and the FP are presented and analyzed in this article.

4

Research on Earth rotation and geodynamics in Poland in 2019–2022

Bogusz Janusz, Brzezinski Aleksander, Godah Walyeldeen, Nastula Jolanta

Advances in Geodesy and Geoinformation

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2023

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Vol. 72, no. 2

art. no. e41, 2023

EN

This paper summarizes the activity of the chosen Polish geodetic research teams in 2019–2022 in the fields of the Earth rotation and geodynamics. This publication has been prepared for the needs of the presentation of Polish scientists’ activities on the 28th International Union of Geodesy and Geodynamics General Assembly, Berlin, Germany. The part concerning Earth rotation is mostly focused on the estimation of the geophysical excitation of polar motion using data from Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) and its follow-on (GRACE-FO) missions, and on the improvement of the determination of Earth rotation parameters based on the Satellite Laser Ranging (SLR), Doppler Orbitography and Radiopositioning Integrated by Satellite (DORIS), and Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) satellite techniques. The part concerning geodynamics is focused on geodetic time series analysis for geodynamical purposes and monitoring of the vertical ground movements induced by mass transport within the Earth’s system, monitoring of the crustal movements using GNSS and newly applied Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR), discussing the changes of the landslides and its monitoring using geodetic methods as well as investigations of seismic events and sea-level changes with geodetic methods. Finally, the recent research activities carried out by Polish scientists in the international projects is presented.

5

Hydrogeological monitoring of karst activity based on regime observations in the territory of karst lakes

Kuzichkin Oleg R., Romanov Roman V., Dorofeev Nikolay V., Vasilyev Gleb S., Grecheneva Anastasia V.

Journal of Water and Land Development

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2021

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no. 48

130--140

EN

This article shows that the most sensitive indicator of local and regional karst activity in territories of apparent karst processes is the behaviour of karst lakes. The authors propose a hydrogeological monitoring methodology for the karst process based on the phase-measuring geoelectric control method in the coastal zone of karst lakes. The geoelectric current control of hydrogeological changes in the medium at local levels uses a multi-frequency vertical electric sounding combined with a phase-measuring method of registering the geoelectric signal. These proven methods permit to distinguish variations of spatial parameters and the electric conductivity of several layers at a time. Moreover, they significantly increase the noise resistance and sensitivity of the measuring system. An adaptive algorithm function of the measuring complex for geoelectric monitoring of karst lakes’ coastal zones was developed to control the operation of facilities and data collection systems. Based on an example of a lake where karst processes are active, the key zones of hydrogeological control were identified depending on karst manifestations. The research confirmed the possibility of local and regional monitoring of the development and forecasting of destructive karst-suffosion processes based on hydrogeological regime observations of karst lakes.

6

Wykorzystanie wyników badań współczesnej aktywności tektonicznej do oceny chwilowego poziomu zagrożenia zdarzeniem sejsmicznym na obszarach wydobywczych południowo-zachodniej Polski

Kaczorowski Marek, Rudnicki Marcin

Cuprum : czasopismo naukowo-techniczne górnictwa rud

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2020

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nr 2

5--15

PL

Zmiany tektonicznego pola naprężeń w jednostce Depresji Świebodzic są powodem skomplikowanej kinematyki bloków skalnych. Pole sił tektonicznych wytwarza efekty rotacji, ruchów poziomych i pionowych skalnych bloków rozdzielonych licznymi uskokami. System pomiarowy Laboratorium Geodynamicznego w Książu, składający się z instrumentów stojących na skalnych blokach, jest naturalnym detektorem aktywności tektonicznej. System ten pozwala na wyznaczanie chwilowych wartości funkcji aktywności tektonicznej z mikrometryczną dokładnością. Porównanie zmian funkcji aktywności tektonicznej i ich pochodnych z czasowym rozkładem zdarzeń sejsmicznych w obszarach Dolnego i Górnego Śląska wskazuje, że trzęsienia ziemi występują zgodnie ze szczególnymi i powtarzającymi się stanami procesu deformacji tektonicznych górotworu Depresji Świebodzic. Ta obserwacja wzmacnia tezę o istnieniu wielkoskalowego, jednorodnego pola naprężeń tektonicznych, którego zasięg w tym samym czasie obejmuje obszary Depresji Świebodzic oraz regiony górnicze Czech, Górnego i Dolnego Śląska. Wiarygodność tej tezy jest niezależnie potwierdzona przez wieloletnie pomiary horyzontalnych składowych ruchów skorupy ziemskiej, wykonanych technikami satelitarnymi przez sieć stacji GNSS, SLR, DORIS i VLBA, rozmieszczonych na płycie europejskiej. W obszarze Europy Centralnej pomiary te pokazują jednorodne pole horyzontalnych prędkości przesuwu Płyty Europejskiej. Jednorodny ruch płyty jest wynikiem działania jednorodnego, wielkoskalowego pola sił tektonicznych, które ten ruch wywołują. Bieżący stan wielkoskalowego jednorodnego pola naprężeń tektonicznych ma duży wpływ na wywołanie wstrząsu sejsmicznego. Przedstawione wyniki badań zjawisk tektonicznych są dedykowane potrzebie wzmocnienia wiedzy o aktualnej możliwości zajścia zdarzenia sejsmicznego. Problem ten ma kluczowe znaczenie dla poprawy warunków bezpieczeństwa robót górniczych w obszarach wydobywczych Górnego i Dolnego Śląska.

EN

Changes of the tectonic stress field in Świebodzice Depression unit are the reason of complex variations of the rock blocks kinematic. Field of tectonic stresses produced effects of rotations and horizontal/vertical displacements of rocky blocks separated by numerous faults. The measurement system of the Geodynamic Laboratory in Ksiaz, equipped with instruments situated on the rocky blocks, is a natural detector of tectonic activity, allowing determination of the temporal functions of tectonic activity with sub-micrometric accuracy. Comparison of the functions of the tectonic activity variations and their derivatives with temporal distribution of the seismic shocks in the Lower and Upper Silesia indicate that earthquakes occurred in accordance with particular and repeatable conditions of the Świebodzice Depression tectonic deformations. This observation strengthens the thesis about large-scale, homogeneous field of tectonic stresses which, at the same time, affect the Świebodzice Depression as well as mining areas of the Czech and Lower and Upper Silesian. The credibility of this thesis is independently confirmed by the results of many years long measurements of the Earth crust motions, performed on hundreds of stations by the space and satellite techniques i.e. GNSS, SLR, DORIS, VLBA. Current state of the large-scale, homogeneous field of tectonic stresses decided about the triggering of the earthquakes. Presented investigations of tectonic phenomena are dedicated to improve the safety conditions of mining works, executed in Upper and Lower Silesian mining areas.

7

Upper Silesian Geophysical Observation System - a unit of the EPOS project

Mutke Grzegorz, Kotyrba Andrzej, Lurka Adam, Olszewska Dorota, Dykowski Przemysław, Borkowski Andrzej, Araszkiewicz Andrzej, Barański Adam

Journal of Sustainable Mining

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2019

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Vol. 18, iss. 4

198--207

EN

The aim of the paper is to present the structure and research potential of the newly created measurement and information system for observing dynamic phenomena occurring in the Earth's crust in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin (USCB) in Poland as a result of mining activities. The structure of the system is similar to the one developed for monitoring the movements of the European tectonic plate under the European Plate Observation System (EPOS) programme. The measurement part of the system consists of stationary devices and sensors working in monitoring mode, installed in various locations of the USCB, both on the surface and underground, as well as data sets from periodically performed measurements using land, air and satellite techniques. The IT part of the system will create a local data centre with specialized and dedicated processing and modelling software in which all measurement data will be archived and processed to a form which enables the analysis of the short and long-term impact of mining operations on the environment. As one of the elements of the system will be observations of the short and long-term gravity and morphology changes, the collected data will enable research in the field of the geodynamics of mining areas to be conducted.

8

Tectonic discrimination of siliciclastic sedimentary record of the northern Tethyan margin at the end of the Triassic

Vďačný Marek, Michalík Josef, Lintnerová Otília

Geological Quarterly

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2019

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Vol. 63, No. 1

30--38

EN

Tectonic setting of both the uppermost Triassic Tomanová and the lowermost Jurassic Dudziniec formations can be characterized by a series of diagnostic discrimination diagrams. High-silica and low-silica multi-dimensional diagrams indicate that the sediments could have been deposited in the continental collision/rift setting. Diagrams of K2O/Na2O versus SiO2, SiO2/Al2O3 versus K2O/Na2O and Th-Co-Zr/10 as well as Th-Sc-Zr/10 determine an origin from the tectonically active and/or passive continental margin setting. REE parameters indicate predominantly a passive margin tectonic setting of the sediments. The most probable source of clastic admixture in the Scythian to Domerian sediments in the Tatric Unit was situated in a remnant of the Variscan collisional orogen - the Vindelician Highlands. Occasional monsoonal rains occurring in orbitally controlled cycles transported weathered material from the source area down river valleys on the seaward slopes of the Variscan Vindelician Mountains towards the Tethyan Sea. The input of this material influenced also the marginal parts of the Fatricum (e.g., Vysoká or Havran units).

9

Research on Earth rotation and geodynamics in Poland in 2015–2018

Bogusz Janusz, Brzezinski Aleksander, Nastula Jolanta

Geodesy and Cartography

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2019

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Vol. 68, no. 1

65--86

EN

This paper summarizes the activity of the chosen Polish geodetic research teams in 2015–2018 in the fields of Earth: rotation, dynamics as well as magnetic field. It has been prepared for the needs of the presentation on the 27th International Union of Geodesy and Geodynamics General Assembly, Montreal, Canada. The part concerning Earth rotation is mostly focused on the use of modelling of diurnal and subdiurnal components of Earth rotation by including low frequency components of polar motion and UT1 in the analysis, study of free oscillations in Earth rotation derived from both space-geodetic observations of polar motion and the time variation of the second degree gravitational field coefficients derived from Satellite Laser Ranging (SLR) and Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) observations, new methods of monitoring of Earth rotation, as well as studies on applications of the Ring Laser Gyroscope (RLG) for direct and continuous measurements of changes in Earth rotation and investigations of the hydrological excitation of polar motion. Much attention was devoted to the GRACE-derived gravity for explaining the influence of surface mass redistributions on polar motion. Monitoring of the geodynamical phenomena is divided into study on local and regional dynamics using permanent observations, investigation on tidal phenomena, as well as research on hydrological processes and sea level variation parts. Finally, the recent research conducted by Polish scientists on the Earth’s magnetic field is described.

10

Investigation of deformations of the earth crust on the territory of Ukraine using a GNSS observations

Ishchenko M.

Artificial Satellites : Journal of Planetary Geodesy

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2018

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Vol. 53, No. 3

117--126

EN

A regional GNSS network consisting of 202 permanent GNSS stations established to study the recent crustal strain deformation in the Ukrainian territory. The GNSS observations (from December 7, 1997 to January 28, 2017) collected and processed using Bernese GNSS Software ver. 5.2 in accordance with the recommendations of the Central Bureau of the EUREF Permanent GNSS Network. Based on the above results the velocity vectors were estimated using Bernese GNSS Software ver. 5.2 for the future calculation of deformation. In particular, ellipses of distortion, rotation, maximum shear strain, and deformation area are obtained. Due to the differences in rate of the horizontal extension and rotation the area is divided in two main blocks. The first block shows compression that prevails in the North-East direction. Stretch in both directions is prevailing on second block. The obtained results can indicate the presence of some force which could effect on the study area.

11

Testing the relationship between vertical crustal movement and geoid uplift for the Sudetes area

Kowalczyk K., Kuczynska-Siehien J.

Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae

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2018

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Vol. 88, No. 1

47--57

EN

The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between vertical movements of the Earth’s crust and variation in geoid height. Data from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE), precise levelling, tidal gauge observations and Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) stations for the Sudetes area were used. The GRACE data provided the possibility of the analysis of geopotential changes. The geoid heights were calculated for the period from April 2002 to March 2016, using data from GeoForschungsZentrum (GFZ) GRACE Level-2 Product Release 05 in the form of spherical harmonic coefficients, truncated at degree and order (d/o) 60. Different filters were used. The calculated geoid change over time has the approximate value of 0.16 mm/y. This value was compared to the expected change in geoid height, determined on the basis of the Earth’s crustal movements.

12

A new regard on the tectonic map of the Arabian–African region inferred from th satellite gravity analysis

Eppelbaum L., Katz Y.

Acta Geophysica

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2017

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Vol. 65, no. 4

607--626

EN

Satellite gravimetry is a powerful and reliable tool for regional tectono-geodynamic zonation. The studied region contains intricate geodynamical features (high seismological indicators, active rift systems and collision processes), richest structural arrangement (existence of mosaic blocks of oceanic and continental Earth’s crust of various age), and a number of high-amplitude gravity anomalies and complex magnetic pattern. The most hydrocarbon reserves of the world and other important economic deposits occur in this region. Comprehensive analysis of satellite gravity data with application of different approaches was used to develop a sequence of maps specifying crucial properties of the region deep structure. Careful examination of numerous geological sources and their combined examination with satellite gravity (main), magnetic, GPS, seismic, seismological and some other geophysical data enabled to develop a new tectonic map of the Arabian–African region. Integrated analysis of series of gravity map transformations and certain geological indicators allowed to reveal significant geodynamic features of the region.

13

Neogeodynamics and recent geodynamics at northern prospect area of Petrikov potash deposit, Belarus

Barbikov D. V., Kurlovich D. M., Kutyrlo V.

Przegląd Solny

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2016

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T. 12

72--78

EN

The results of studies of neogeodynamics and recent geodynamics at northern prospect area of Petrikov potash deposit in Belarus are discussed. The models of intensity of neogeodynamic and recent geodynamic processes over the period from the end of Middle Pleistocene to Holocene have been calculated using lineament and structural-geomorphological analysis in ArcGIS 10 on the basis of digital topographic maps of the scale 1 : 5 000, digital orthophotomaps of the scale 1 : 5 000, and free multi-zone satellite images.

PL

W pracy omówiono wyniki badań neogeodynamiki i współczesnej geodynamiki północnej części Pietrykowskiego złoża soli potasowej na Białorusi. Modele przebiegu intensywności procesów neogeodynamicznych i współczesnych geodynamicznych, obejmujące okres od końca środkowego plejstocenu do holocenu, zostały przedstawione w oparciu o analizę strukturalno-geomorfologiczną z wykorzystaniem programu ArcGIS 10. Materiałem bazowym były cyfrowe mapy topograficznych w skali 1:5000, cyfrowe ortofotomapy w skali 1:5000 oraz wielospektralne obrazy satelitarne.

14

Using GNSS technologies for research features vertical movements of the crust of Europe

Tretyak K., Romaniuk V.

Geomatics and Environmental Engineering

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2013

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Vol. 7, no. 2

71--77

EN

In order to study the dynamics of vertical crustal movements it was processed database with 196 stations according to the results of GNSS-observations on the permanent stations. Based on the continuous series of observations we determined the changes of absolute and regional velocity of vertical crustal movements, their spatial distribution and relationship with the tectonic structure of the region. We made the maps of regional rates of vertical crustal movements in the period since 2000-2011. It was also investigated seismic activity in Europe during this period. The accumulated research results indicate the necessity for systematic studies of the impact of various geophysical factors on the stability and permanent displacement of plants and their relation to seismic activity.

PL

W celu zbadania dynamiki pionowych ruchów skorupy ziemskiej przetworzono wyniki obserwacji GNSS z 196 stacji permanentnych. Na podstawie ciągłej serii obserwacji stwierdzono zmiany absolutnej i regionalnych prędkości pionowych ruchów skorupy ziemskiej, analizowano ich rozmieszczenie przestrzenne i zależność od tektonicznej struktury regionu. Wykonano mapy rozkładu regionalnych pionowych ruchów skorupy ziemskiej w latach 2000-2011. Badano również aktywność sejsmiczną w Europie w tym okresie. Uzyskane wyniki wskazują na konieczność systematycznych badań wpływu różnych czynników geograficznych na stabilność kontynentu oraz potwierdzają związek między stałym przemieszczaniem się roślin a aktywnością sejsmiczną.

15

On a lasting role of geodynamics in modern vertical and gravity reference systems

Kryński J., Barlik M.

Reports on Geodesy

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2012

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z. 1/92

61--68

EN

Both definition and realization of vertical reference systems require gravity. Relation between height changes and gravity changes is well known in geodynamics on local, regional, and global scale. Consideration of time as additional dimension is needed in the modern vertical and gravity reference systems as well as in processing both levelling and gravity data. Classical vertical and gravity reference systems are briefly presented followed by the discussion of the need of advanced modification of both systems. Geodynamic aspects in creating modern vertical and gravity reference systems were discussed. The role of geodynamics in the realization of vertical and gravity reference systems was presented with emphasizing the key role of metrology.

16

Gravimetry for geodesy and geodynamics - brief historical review

Krynski J.

Reports on Geodesy

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2012

|

z. 1/92

69--86

EN

For last two centuries the role of gravity measurements in geodesy was continuously growing with the development of physical geodesy, growing needs for precise geodetic products and progress in technology. A very condensed historical review of gravimetric surveys with their uncertainty characteristics is given in the paper. It starts with single gravity measurements using simple pendulum through the application of reversible pendulum up to four-pendulum apparatus. Superiority of relative gravity survey over absolute gravity survey using pendulum has been highlighted. Further, the development of static spring gravimeters is briefly presented followed by precise ballistic gravimeters that provide more accurate gravity than relative gravity survey and become a valuable tool for geodynamic research. The concept of superconducting gravimeter and its role in geodynamic research is highlighted. Special emphasis is given to the portable free-fall gravimeter A10 designed for field survey. Also the achievements in the direction of developing atomic absolute gravimeters are briefly mentioned. The evolution of the concept and realization of the gravity control is discussed on the background of the progress in gravimetry, paying special attention on its scale and gravity level. It is illustrated with some examples of evolving Polish national gravity control. Finally an attempt to formulate the concept of modern gravity control is presented.

17

Earth crust deformation in Poland: modelling and its implication for positioning with satellite based geodetic techniques

Rajner M.

Reports on Geodesy

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2012

|

z. 1/92

37—46

EN

This paper gives the general overview of the effects which continuously deform our planet. The main aim is to give the picture of the temporal and spatial range of this phenomena and to indicate their importance in high precision positioning with space geodetic techniques. We present here the ranges of magnitude and pattern of earth tides, ocean tidal loading, atmospheric radiation tides loading, polar motion and its oceanic indirect effect, as well as the non-tidal ocean loading. We pay the special attention to loading effects due to atmosphere and continental water storage, which can cause significant changes in point position time series. Our study concentrate mainly on the territory of Poland. The Jozefosław site was chosen as a representative example for the whole country. We present also here the impact of selected phenomena for relative geodetic measurements.

18

The use of GPS data at T-T Zone for the verification of the recent terrestrial reference frames considering possible geodynamic processes

Godah W., Krynski J., Cisak J.

Geoinformation Issues

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2012

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Vol. 4, no. 1(4)

5--13

EN

The interpretation of the geodynamic phenomena with the use of GPS observations strongly depends on the quality of the terrestrial reference frame. The aim of this contribution is to verify station velocities from recent ITRF/ETRF solutions as well as to evaluate the possible geodynamic processes by using long time series of GPS data from four permanent GNSS stations operating in T-T zone. The components of four baselines were calculated with the use of the Bernese v.5.0 GPS software using GPS observation data from 2004–2012. Time variations of baseline components and baseline length were analysed and their linear trends were estimated by applying linear regression analysis. The obtained results have indicated that the variations are within the range from –0.2 to 0.3 mm/year in X–component, from –0.6 to –0.3 mm/year in Y–component, from –0.2 to 0.2 mm/year in Z–component and from –0.2 to 0.6 mm/year for the baseline length. The estimated linear trends of baselines components variations fit substantially better to the respective ones derived from ITRF2008/ETRF2000 (R8) than to the ones from ITRF2005/ETRF2000 (R5).

PL

Możliwość interpretowania zjawisk geodynamicznych na podstawie analizy obserwacji GPS w dużej mierze zależy od jakości ziemskiego układu odniesienia. Celem niniejszej pracy jest zweryfikowanie prędkości stacji uzyskanych ze współczesnych rozwiązań ITRF/ETRF, a także ocena ewentualnych procesów geodynamicznych przy użyciu długiego szeregu czasowego obserwacji na stacjach permanentnych GNSS położonych w rejonie strefy Teisseyre’a-Tornquista. Składowe czterech wektorów obliczono przy użyciu programu Bernese v.5.0 z obserwacji GPS z lat 2004–2012. Poddano analizie zmiany czasowe składowych tych wektorów oraz ich długości; przy wykorzystaniu analizy regresji wyznaczono trendy liniowe tych zmian. Rezultaty analiz wskazują na zmiany w przedziałach -0.2 do 0.3 mm/rok w składowej X, -0.6 do -0.3 mm/ rok w składowej Y, -0.2 to 0.2 mm/ rok w składowej Z oraz -0.2 do 0.6 mm/ rok w długości wektora. Wyznaczone trendy liniowe zmian składowych wektorów wykazują znacząco lepszą zgodność z odpowiednimi zmianami otrzymanymi z rozwiązań w układach ITRF2008/ETRF2000 (R8) niż ze zmianami z rozwiązań w układach ITRF2005/ETRF2000 (R5).

19

Wyznaczanie współrzędnych i prędkości stacji na podstawie obserwacji laserowych niskich satelitów

Lejba P., Schillak S.

Biuletyn Wojskowej Akademii Technicznej

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2010

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Vol. 59, nr 2

27-69

PL

W pracy przedstawiono wyniki wyznaczania orbit trzech niskich satelitów Ajisai, Starlette i Stella na podstawie obserwacji laserowych 14 stacji SLR wykonanych w latach 2001-2005. Ponadto wyznaczono geocentryczne i topocentryczne współrzędne oraz prędkości w płaszczyźnie horyzontu i przestrzeni 3D czterech stacji Yarragadee (7090), Greenbelt (7105), Graz (7839) i Herstmonceux (7840). Otrzymane wyniki porównano z wynikami otrzymanymi dla satelitów LAGEOS, układu ITRF2005 oraz dla modelu geologicznego NNR-NUVEL1A. Wszystkie obliczenia przeprowadzono w oparciu o model pola grawitacyjnego Ziemi EIGEN-GRACE02S. Przedstawione rezultaty pokazują, że wyniki obserwacji laserowych niskich satelitów takich jak Ajisai, Starlette, Stella mogą być z powodzeniem wykorzystane do wyznaczania współrzędnych i prędkości stacji SLR.

EN

In this work, the results of satellites orbit determination of three low satellites Ajisai, Starlette, and Stella on the laser observations of 14 SLR stations performed in the years 2001-2005 were presented. The geocentric and topocentric positions and velocities in horizontal plane and in 3-D space of four stations Yarragadee (7090), Greenbelt (7105), Graz (7839), and Herstmonceux (7840) were determined. The received results were compared with the results obtained for LAGEOS and with the ITRF2005 and the geological model NNR-NUVEL1A. All calculations have been made assuming the model of the Earth gravity field EIGEN-GRACE02S. The results presented in this work show that the laser data of low satellites such as Ajisai, Starlette or Stella can be successfully applied for determination of the SLR station positions and velocities.

20

Porównanie wyników wyznaczania współrzędnych technikami GPS i SLR

Schillak S., Lehmann M.

Biuletyn Wojskowej Akademii Technicznej

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2010

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Vol. 59, nr 2

117-134

PL

Przedstawiono wyniki porównania współrzędnych stacji dla dwóch technik satelitarnych: laserowej i GPS. Współrzędne były wyznaczane dla wspólnych momentów w układzie współrzędnych ITRF2005. Porównanie wykonano dla wszystkich stacji wyposażonych w systemy SLR i GPS w okresie jedenastu lat od 1993.0 do 2004.0 bez uwzględnienia stacji laserowych, które zmieniły system w tym czasie. W sumie obliczenia wykonano dla 12 stacji. Współrzędne zostały obliczone dla okresów miesięcznych dla pierwszego dnia każdego miesiąca. Analiza wyników obejmowała ocenę stabilności pozycji stacji, różnice z ITRF2005, porównanie prędkości stacji dla obu technik. Prędkości porównano także z modelem ruchu płyt tektonicznych NNR-NUVEL1A i ITRF2005. Stwierdzono dobrą zgodność pozycji i prędkości stacji dla obu technik. Dla kilku stacji występują znaczne (1-3 cm) różnice w składowej pionowej.

EN

The paper presents results of the comparison of the station positions and velocities between two satellite techniques: Satellite Laser Ranging (SLR) and Global Positioning System (GPS). The coordinates were calculated for common epochs in the International Terrestrial Reference Frame 2005. The comparisons were performed for all stations equipped with the SLR and GPS systems in the period of time from 1993.0 to 2004.0 without SLR stations which changed the system in that time. Finally, calculations were performed for 12 stations. The coordinates were determined for epochs in the first day of each month. The analysis included estimation of the station positions stability, comparison with ITRF2005, station velocities comparison between both techniques. The tectonic plates model NNR-NUVEL1A and ITRF2005 velocities were used for verification of station velocities. Generally, with some exceptions, is a good agreement of the station positions and velocities between results for both techniques. For several stations, significant (1-3 cm) differences between vertical components were detected.