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Wykrywanie różnych uszkodzeń kół przekładni zębatych

Wojnar G., Łazarz B.

Diagnostyka

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2006

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nr 3(39)

41-58

PL

Zakres pracy obejmuje badania doświadczalne i symulacyjne prowadzone w przypadku przekładni o różnych parametrach geometrycznych i odchyłkach wykonania kół zębatych, pracujących z różnymi prędkościami obrotowymi i przy różnych obciążeniach. Na podstawie przeprowadzonych badań i analiz można stwierdzić, że zaawansowane metody przetwarzania sygnału prędkości drgań poprzecznych wałów, zmierzonego w kierunku działania siły międzyzębnej oraz wykorzystanie analiz jednocześnie w dziedzinach czasu i częstotliwości lub czasu i skali (CWT) umożliwiło efektywne wykrywanie różnych uszkodzeń kół zębatych takich jak: wykruszenie wierzchołka zęba zębnika lub koła, pęknięcie zęba zębnika lub koła u podstawy, częściowe wyłamanie zęba oraz zmęczeniowe wykruszenie warstwy wierzchniej współpracujących powierzchni roboczych zębów (pitting).

EN

This paper presents results of laboratory tests that, were aimed at detecting early stages of various faults in toothed wheels by measurement and analysis of transverse vibration speed of the transmission gear shafts. In experimental investigation, cracking of the root tooth, chipping of the tooth, and partial breakage or pitting of the tooth active surface were detected. The laser vibrometer Ometron VH300+ was used for non-contact measurement of shaft transversal vibration speed. In the case of measuring gear shaft vibration velocity, the way of the signal generated by the defect of a gear wheel (or bearing) is shortened as well as the influence of composed transmittance of the bearing-gear housing system is eliminated. WV time-frequency analysis and complex continuous wavelet transformations were used for detection. The authors introduced a measure of local tooth damage, which was proportional to the size of damage. An addition new index was created to measure pitting of the tooth surface. The utility of the measure for detecting damage toothed wheel, which operates with different rotational, different loads, and different performance deviation, was investigated. The results of research presented in this paper confirmed that the defect's measure is very sensitive to the development of teeth faults.

2

Early Detection of Gear Faults Using Time-Frequency Distribution

Madej H.

Machine Dynamics Problems

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2003

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Vol. 27, No. 3

93-102

EN

The paper presents the results of simulation and experimental tests conducted on toothed gears with programmed damages such as the cracking of a tooth at its base and the chipping of a tooth tip. In the case of the measurements of the acceleration of vibrations in the gear bearing housing, Wigner-Ville (WV) time-frequency analysis proved to be an efficient method to detect impulse disturbances in the broadband vibration spectrum. Three-dimensional functions such as the WV signal of vibration accelerations in a gear with local damages, as presented in the paper, contain much information about the energy distribution of vibrations which were caused by local damages. The additional symptom confirming susceptibility to local damage is the kurtosis coefficient determined in a movable time window with a properly selected width. The tests presented in the paper confirm that the application of WV analysis together with classical methods of signal analysis can increase the efficiency of local damage diagnostics.

3

Diagnosis of Tooth Surface Failure by Vibration Analysis

Madej H.

Machine Dynamics Problems

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2003

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Vol. 27, No. 3

35-44

EN

The paper presents laboratory investigations of some tooth surface failure in helical gears. Signal analysis is one of the most important methods used for condition monitoring and fault diagnostics, whose aim is to find a simple and effective transform to the original signals. During the laboratory investigations of helical gears, some signal changes of lateral vibration velocity of the shafts during the process of pitting growth in the operating surfaces of gear teeth have been observed. The carried out investigations reveal that the square root of the sum of the square coefficient Cʃ(j,k,ψ) of the continuous wavelet transform (CWT) distribution and the sum of discrete values of the pseudo Wigner-Ville Distribution (WVD) amplitudes in the frequency range from 0 to 0.9 ʃmesh grow together with the process of pitting development. New indices of pitting wear have been suggested and compared with other non-dimensional vibration diagnostic parameters.