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Control-oriented analysis of a lean-burn light-duty natural gas research engine with scavenged pre-chamber ignition

Hänggi Severin, Hilfiker Thomas, Soltic Patric, Hutter Richard, Onder Christopher

Combustion Engines

2019

R. 58, nr 1

42--53

Natural gas is well-suited as a fuel in the transport sector. Due to its excellent combustion characteristics, engines operating with compressed natural gas (CNG) reach high efficiency, especially if operated at lean conditions. However, CNG engine research mainly focusses on stoichiometric conditions in order to use a three-way catalytic converter for the exhaust gas after treatment system. With the objective to explore the potential of CNG engines operated at lean conditions, a turbo-charged CNG engine with high compression ratio is developed and optimized for lean operation. In order to increase the ignition energy, the CNG engine is equipped with scavenged pre-chambers. A specific control structure is developed, which allows to operate the engine at a pre-defined (lean) air-to-fuel ratio. Further functionalities such as the combustion placement control and algorithms to estimate the conditions inside of the prechamber are implemented. The first part of this paper describes this engine control structure, which is specifically developed for the lean-burn CNG engine. In the second part, the effects of pre-chamber scavenging on engine performance criteria such as the combustion stability, engine efficiency or engine emissions are analyzed. With the objective to use pre-chamber scavenging to improve engine performance, a scavenging feedback control strategy is proposed. In order to control the ignition delay, this strategy adapts the amount of CNG injected into the prechamber with a linear controller or an extremum seeking algorithm depending on the air-to-fuel ratio of the main chamber.

Preliminary investigation of a gaseous fuel composition influence on spark ignition engine performance

Górniak A., Trzmiel K., Włostowski R., Wróbel R.

Combustion Engines

2015

R. 54, nr 3

683--687

This paper constitutes a performance comparison of an engine fed with various mixture of gases which can be expected as a product of biomass gasification – i.e. hydrogen, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and methane. The share of those components is dependent mainly upon the gasification process, and the gasified fuel type. For this reason the test station was designed for easy change of the gas mixture composition. Here, a set of various 12 gas mixtures was taken into account for the evaluation of the engine power, cylinder temperature and fuel consumption. Statistically elaborated influence of the gas fuel composition on the parameters of engine performance constitutes the basis for the selection of the best engine, optimization of engine’s adjustments as well as development of the control algorithm for a gasification unit.

Artykuł stanowi porównanie parametrów pracy silnika o zapłonie iskrowym zasilanego mieszaniną gazów powstałych, jako produkty procesów zgazowania biomasy – tj. wodór, tlenek i dwutlenek węgla oraz metan. Udział poszczególnych gazów jest zależny w głównej mierze od procesu zgazowania oraz od rodzaju paliwa, które podlega zgazowaniu. Stanowisko pomiarowe umożliwia dowolną kompozycję składu paliwa gazowego. Badano wpływ 12 mieszanin gazowych na parametry użytkowe silnika spalinowego, m.in. na temperaturę gazów wylotowych i zużycie paliwa. Opracowany statystycznie wpływ składu mieszaniny gazowej na parametry pracy silnika stanowić będzie podstawę do doboru optymalnych nastaw i opracowanie algorytmu sterującego jednostką ECU.