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Susceptibility of switching between in-phase and anti-phase patterns in the network of relaxation oscillators

Olejarczyk E., Ostaszewski H., Meyrand P., Bem T.

Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering

2014

Vol. 34, no. 4

250--257

Neural networks composed of two or four cells with combined, electrical and inhibitory, synapses and realized for various network topologies were examined. The aim of this study was to determine a set of phases of oscillatory cycle in which different patterns of activity, characteristic for such networks, can be switched under an external stimulus. In particular, we studied susceptibility of switching between in-phase (IP) and anti-phase (AP) patterns (and vice versa). Our results demonstrate that windows of switching between patterns are similar for networks with electrical and mixed synapses and, in general, relatively independent of the network topology. The only effect of the network topology is an increase of the robustness of the AP pattern in networks of ring-like connectivity. The switching window width and thereby the robustness of the transitions between patterns decreases with the increase of the electrical coupling strength.

Electrical coupling and bistability in inhibitory neuronal networks

Bem T., Hallam J., Meyrand P., Rinzel J.

Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering

2006

Vol. 26, no. 2

3-14

The role of gap junction-mediated electrical coupling in oscillatory networks is not yet fuIly understood. Such coupling is widespread in developing nervous systems and in many structures of the adult brain where it coexists with synaptic inhibition. Our results, both modeling and experimental, indicate that the effect of electrical coupling in networks of rhythmic inhibitory neurons is crucially dependent on the cells' duty cycle. In the Stomatogastric Nervous System, in which ceIls with large duty cycle are interconnected by reciprocal inhibition, electrical coupling may be responsible for masking adult-like properties of the embryonic network by coordinating the neuronal activity into a single rhythm with different phases. In a two-ceIl half-center oscillator model short duty cycle destabilizes antiphase activity which can be re-established by adding electrical coupling. Moreover, such a network expresses bistability of the in-phase and anti-phase patterns in some range of coupling strengths. AIso in a large-scale model network, in which ceIls are interconnected electrically and by synaptic inhibition, multistability of the in-phase and different anti-phase patterns may occur. A possible function of the multistability in the controI of movement is discussed.