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1

Surface chemistry and flotation properties of galena and pyrite particles in the presence of xanthate- monothiophosphate- thiocarbamate collectors

Ercelik Gokhan, Terzi Mert, Kursun Ilgin, Ozdemir Orhan

Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

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2023

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Vol. 59, iss. 5

art. no. 167947

EN

In this study, surface chemistry and flotation properties of the gold-bearing galena and pyrite minerals of Menderes region, Izmir, Turkey were investigated with the use of xanthate-thiocarbamate-monothiophosphate collectors. In this context, the micro-flotation experiments, the zeta potential, and bubble-particle attachment time measurements were conducted in the presence of Thiophosphate (Aero S-8045), Xanthate (SIBX), and Thiocarbamate (Aero float MX-505) collectors. In the case of micro-flotation experiments, the MX-505 exhibited higher flotation efficiency for both minerals compared to SIBX and S-8045 collectors. In the micro-flotation tests conducted on galena and pyrite, while the flotation recovery of 99.82% and 81.96% were obtained with MX-505, the flotation recovery of 89.64% and 62.50% were reached in the case of using SIBX. Furthermore, the S-8045 resulted in the flotation recovery s of 75.09% and 25.45% for galena and pyrite, respectively. In the case of zeta potential experiments as a function of pH, the galena mineral showed a negative charge between -17.22 to -41.42 mV at pH 5 - 11, no point of zero charge (pzc) was determined, and the pzc of pyrite was determined as pH≈8. The bubble-particle attachment time experiments performed in the presence of S-8045, SIBX, and MX-505 collectors indicated that the attachment efficiency was 100% in the presence of MX-505 at 12.5-75 g/Mg dosages and 1-1000 ms contact times. These results revealed that there was an extraordinarily strong interaction between the galena/pyrite and the air bubbles in the presence of MX-505. The results obtained within this study indicated that galena and pyrite minerals showed inherently less than 25% natural floatability which can only be enhanced under specific conditions. The results obtained within this study indicated that galena and pyrite minerals showed inherently low natural floatability which can only be enhanced under specific conditions. In the tests conducted on these minerals, galena mineral showed higher than %20 natural floatability compared to pyrite mineral, and collectors produced from thiocarbamates have shown greater effectiveness compared to xanthate and thiophosphate.

2

An investigation into using benzohydroxamic acid as a collector for sulfide minerals

Mohammadi-Jam Shiva, Li Ziyi, Rose Neil, Waters Kristian E.

Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

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2023

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Vol. 59, iss. 5

art. no. 175662

EN

The mining industry aims to promote responsible chemical use during mineral processing operations to minimize the chemical contamination. Hydroxamic acids, which can form strong chelates with metals, have been shown to have less health and environmental issues when compared to xanthate collectors. In this work, the performance of benzohydroxamic acid (BHA) as a collector for galena, chalcopyrite, and quartz was evaluated. The minerals were conditioned with different concentrations (1.5, 3, and 4.5 kg/t) of collector at pHs 8, 9, and 10. The result showed that the treatment of the mineral surfaces with BHA enhanced the flotation recoveries of the sulfide minerals. High concentrations of benzohydroxamate anion, the protonic dissociation product of BHA, existed at basic pHs, where a chemical reaction between the anion and a metal cation on the mineral surface resulted in the adsorption of the collector onto the mineral surface. The microflotation results showed that the BHA collector was able to successfully recover galena and chalcopyrite. Their flotation recovery was dependent on the conditioning pH. Galena showed a high flotation recovery (up to 86%) at both pH 9 and 10, whereas chalcopyrite became most hydrophobic at pH values of 8 and 9 (up to 88%). None of the BHA concentrations or conditioning pHs was able to enhance quartz recovery beyond 7%. The research results have implications in the application of BHA for the froth flotation of galena and chalcopyrite.

3

Raman spectroscopy characterization of some Cu, Fe and Zn sulfides and their relevant surface chemical species for flotation

Vázquez-Sánchez Emmanuel E., Robledo-Cabrera Aurora, Tong Xiong, López-Valdivieso Alejandro

Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

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2020

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Vol. 56, iss. 3

483--492

EN

Raman spectroscopy as a high-resolution characterization technique was used to analyze various pure metal sulfides immersed in water, namely pyrite (FeS2), chalcopyrite (CuFeS2), sphalerite (ZnS), marmatite (Zn1-XFeXS) and galena (PbS). The Raman characterization was undertaken in situ with the minerals immersed in water. Characteristic Raman spectrum that shows the vibrational modes of the atomic bonds in the mineral crystal structure is reported. This spectroscopic technique revealed that marmatite particles are composed of micro-size, perhaps nano-size, zones with different Fe and Zn content. With the intensity of the Fe-S and Zn-S Raman signals, the iron content of the zones was quantified. The copper ion up-take by marmatite particles was studied through this technique. It was found that the up-take of copper ions on the marmatite zones depended on their Fe content. Copper ion up-take occurred more preferentially on the zones of low Fe content than on those of high Fe content. The adsorption of the collector propyl xanthate on pyrite and chalcopyrite was also assessed by Raman spectroscopy. The Raman spectrum revealed that dixanthogen formed on the surface of these sulfides.

4

Investigating the effects of ultrasonic energy on the flotation behavior of pyrite and galena minerals

Horasan Umit, Tanrıverdi Mehmet, Ciçek Tayfun, Polat Mehmet

Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

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2020

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Vol. 56, iss. 3

538--547

EN

Although pyrite is one of the more abundant the earth crust, it has low economic value. When it reports to the concentrate during flotation along with the valuable minerals, it decreases the grade of the valuable minerals and leads to an increase in smelting costs. Numerous modifications have been suggested in the literature to increase the selective recovery of pyrite containing base metal-sulfide ores. The use of ultrasonic applications is one such method. In this study, the effect of the ultrasonic application on the flotation behavior of galena and pyrite mineral was investigated through systematic Hallimond Tube experiments. In the initial phase of the experiments, the optimum flotation conditions (particle size, pH, amount of air, and amount of reagent) were determined for the two minerals. Subsequent experiments were carried out under these optimums to distinguish the effect of the ultrasonic application. The influence of how the ultrasonic application was applied (i.e. before and during the conditioning stage or before the re-flotation of the concentrate) was also studied. It was observed that the ultrasonic application had a strong activating influence if it was administered before or during the conditioning stage. The effect was similar to whether the minerals were floated individually or from their mixtures. However, when it was applied to a flotation concentrate before reflotation, it selectively displayed a depressant action for the pyrite to the extent that no depressants were needed. The results conclusively showed that the ultrasonic application could drastically improve the selectivity of the complex ores.

5

Effects of ultrasonic pretreatment on the flotation behavior of galena with and without the presence of pyrite

Lu Dongfang, Chen Lanlan, Ma Yongyi, Zheng Xiayu, Wang Yuhua

Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

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2020

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Vol. 56, iss. 4

611--624

EN

Utilizing the ultrasonic pretreatment, flotation tests, ICP-OES, and XPS analysis, the effect of the different ultrasonic pretreatment methods on the flotation behavior of galena were investigated. The flotation recovery of galena was improved for pretreated single galena sample, which is mainly attributed to the efficient removal of the oxidized components and contaminants on the surface of galena by the acoustic cavitation. However, the flotation recovery of galena was decreased when pretreated mixture sample of galena and pyrite was used. Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometer (ICP-OES) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results reveal that ultrasonic pretreatment facilitates the conversion of PbS to Pb(OH)2 and PbSO4. Besides, the flotation recovery of galena was affected to varying degrees when the galena was mixed with the pyrite of the different particle sizes in the ultrasonic pretreatment process. The reason is that the change in the surface area ratio of these two minerals affects the electrochemical reaction rate between galena and pyrite.

6

Effect of sodium salt of N,N-dimethyldi-thiocarbamate on the flotation separation of marmatite from galena

Jiao Fen, Cui Yanfang, Wang Daowei, Qin Wenqing

Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

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2019

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Vol. 55, iss. 2

389--399

EN

An organic reagent, sodium salt of N,N-dimethyldi-thiocarbamate (DMDC) was investigated as a depressant for the separation of lead activated marmatite from galena in the presence of diethyldithiocarbamate (DDTC). The flotation tests of single mineral showed that lead-activated marmatite could be depressed efficiently using DMDC as the depressant. UV–vis spectroscopy and ICP study confirmed that DMDC had a stronger capacity of complexing with lead ions or hydroxy complexes of lead. FTIR and adsorption measurement showed that the adsorption of DMDC on galena and marmatite was chemisorption. In addition, after pre-treated with DMDC, DDTC could co-adsorb on the galena surface, however, less DDTC species adsorbed on the marmatite surfaces.

7

Effect of particle size on the oxidation and flotation behavior of galena particles

Lu Yalin, Tong Xiong, Xie Xian, Yang Bo, Hua Zhongbao

Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

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2019

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Vol. 55, iss. 1

208--216

EN

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of particle size on the oxidation and flotation behavior of galena particles. Coarse (-0.074+0.038 mm), intermediate (-0.038+0.025 mm) and fine (-0.025 mm) galena particles were used in this study. Dissolution tests demonstrated that the amount of oxidation products increased with the decrease of particle sizes. The surface oxidization of galena was the greatest at pH 7.3, followed by pH 12 and 9, which were consist with the result of XPS. The micro-flotation results indicated that the effect of pH on the flotation recovery of galena enhanced with the reduction of particle sizes. The decreasing of particle sizes increases both the sorption rate of collector and the dissolution of galena, while the generation of hydrophilic product caused by dissolution is dominant, rendering the mineral hydrophilic. This study shows the differences in the surface oxidation and flotation behavior of different size fractions of galena particles. To promote the flotation recovery of the fine size fraction of galena particles, alleviating their oxidation is the key.

8

Difference in flotation behavior of galena by single and multi-step chronoamperometric oxidation

Ozdemir Orhan, Hampton Marc A, Nguyen Tuan, Nguyen Anh

Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

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2019

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Vol. 55, iss. 3

812--821

EN

The relationship between electrochemical oxidation (Chronoamperometry) of galena surfaces and collocterless galena flotation was investigated in detail. The chronoamperometry (CA) micro- flotation experiments and zeta potential experiments were performed with ground galena particles (106×53 μm). In addition, contact angle measurements were carried out with a freshly cleaved galena sample at pH 4 in order to investigate any changes in galena surface hydrophobicity after the surface oxidation electrochemically. The results from this study indicated that there is a strong link between the nano/micro-physico-chemical properties of a sulphide on galena surfaces and collectorless flotation of galena particles at pH 4. The results were also supported with the electrokinetics behavior and contact angle values of galena particles.

9

Tannic acid as a hydrophobicity modifier for galena in the presence of metal ions

Guler T., Polat E.

Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

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2017

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Vol. 53, iss. 1

5--16

EN

This study was performed to determine the effect of tannic acid (TA) on hydrophobicity of galena using Taguchi’s design of experimental methodology. Roles of metal ions, dithiophosphinate (DTPI) concentration, and conditioning time on TA-galena interaction were tested by contact angle measurements. Results were evaluated by analysis of variance (ANOVA) test. DTPI was found to be the most effective parameter on the hydrophobicity followed by TA and nobility of metal ions. Effect of conditioning time was statistically insignificant. Electrochemical activity of metal ions became effective on TA-galena interaction: more active metals exhibit synergic effect with TA on the hydrophilicity of galena whereas more noble metals reduced the adverse impact of TA. Taguchi’s design revealed that interactions between experimental variables were not statistically significant.

10

Pyrite flotation in the presence of galena. Study on galvanic interaction

Allahkarami E., Poor A. Z., Rezai B.

Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

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2017

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Vol. 53, iss. 2

846--858

EN

In this investigation, galvanic interaction between galena and pyrite in flotation and its effect on floatability of pyrite were studied. Rest and mixed potential studies in the presence and absence of a collector indicated that pyrite was nobler than galena under all investigated conditions. Therefore, pyrite served as a cathode in galvanic interactions with galena. Floatability of pyrite was performed alone and as a mixture with galena in the ratios of pyrite to galena equal to 1:4, 1:1 and 4:1. The experiments were conducted with air and nitrogen. In any galvanic contact between pyrite and galena, anodic oxidation occurred on the galena surface, and hydrolysed lead species adsorbed on the pyrite surface. The investigation of the various reactions occurring on the sample surface was investigated by ethylene diamine-tetra acetic acid disodium salt (EDTA) extraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements. In the presence of nitrogen, floatability of pyrite increased. The recovery of pyrite in the presence of air was 22%, while in the mixture with galena (ratio 1:4) the recovery increased to 43%. The results indicated that the presence of galena improved floatability of pyrite.

11

Effects of colloidal montmorillonite particles on froth flotation of graphite, galena and fluorite

Chen T., Zhao Y., Li H., Song S.

Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

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2017

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Vol. 53, iss. 2

699--713

EN

The effect of colloidal montmorillonite (MMT) on froth flotation of graphite, galena and fluorite was investigated in this work. The results showed that the presence of sufficient amount of colloidal MMT particles in the mineral slurry would be detrimental of flotation by reducing the recovery of minerals. This observation was attributed to slime coating of MMT on the coarse valuable mineral particles and entrainment of MMT particles in the froth product together with water in the triangle froth zones. The former would reduce the recovery of the valuable minerals because of hydrophilic MMT coating. The latter would decrease the concentrate grade. The degree of slime coating depended on slurry pH, while the degree of entrainment was closely related to water recovery. It was also found that slime coating was a dominant factor in mineral flotation in acidic pH regions in the presence of colloidal MMT particles.

12

Porównanie selektywności wzbogacania w ołów w układzie technologicznym flotacji rudy miedzi w ZWR Lubin Ołów

Duchnowska M., Bakalarz A., Kowalczuk P. B., Drzymała J., Łuszczkiewicz A., Muszer A.

Rudy i Metale Nieżelazne Recykling

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2016

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R. 61, nr 7

289--293

PL

Ołów jest jednym z głównych składników towarzyszących obecnych w polimetalicznych rudach miedzi z Monokliny Przedsudeckiej. Ruda wydobywana w rejonie kopalni Lubin obecnie charakteryzuje się stosunkiem zawartości Cu do Pb jak 2: 1, co oznacza, że jest to ruda miedziowo-ołowiowa. Nośnikami miedzi w tej rudzie są bornit, chalkopiryt i w mniejszym stopniu chalkozyn, a nośnikiem ołowiu jest galena. Technologia flotacji w ZWR Lubin ma charakter kolektywny. W układzie technologicznym tego zakładu skruszona nadawa rozdzielana jest na 2 strumienie: rudy łupkowo-węglanowej oraz piaskowcowej. W pracy porównano selektywność flotacyjnego wzbogacania w ołów w obu strumieniach rudy. Na podstawie krzywych wzbogacania stwierdzono, że w przypadku flotacji rudy piaskowcowej galena flotowała z wyższą selektywnością niż we flotacji rudy łupkowo-węglanowej. Stwierdzono, że koncentraty flotacji głównej frakcji piaskowcowej charakteryzują się zbliżoną zawartością ołowiu do zawartości tego metalu w koncentratach ostatecznych z ZWR Lubin. Pomimo wysokiej selektywności wzbogacania w ołów we flotacji głównej piasków, znacząca ilość tego metalu koncentruje się w układzie flotacji łupkowo-węglanowej. Analizy mineralogiczne wykazały, że galena charakteryzuje się nieznacznie drobniejszym uziarnieniem oraz znacząco wyższym stopniem uwolnienia we flotacji głównej piasków w porównaniu ze strumieniem flotacji głównej łupkowo-węglanowej.

XX

Lead is one of the main accompanying components of po/ymetal/ic copper ore from the Kupferschiefer deposit located in SW Poland. The ratio of copper-to-lead content in the ore mined in the Lubin area is 2:7, this means that it is a Cu-Pb ore. The main copper-bearing minerals in the ore are bornite, chalcopyrite, and to a lesser extent, cha/cocite, while galena is the main lead-bearing mineral. The flotation at Lubin Concentrator (KGHM Polska M/edz 5.AJ consists of two independent streams of ore processing, that is shale-dolomitic and sandstone circuits. In this work selectivity of lead-bearing minerals flotation in two circuits was compared. The comparison was based on upgrading curves. The results showed that flotation selectivity of galena in the concentrate of the sandstone circuit was higher than that in the shale-dolomitic stream, while the most of this mineral is processed in the shale-dolomitic circuit The content of lead in the concentrate of rougher flotation of sandstone circuit was similar to the content of lead in the final concentrate produced at Lubin Concentrator. Mineralogical analyses indicated that galena was finer and also better liberated in the sandstone circuit than in the shale-dolomite stream.

13

Dawne górnictwo surowców metalicznych rejonu Przybramu

Strzałkowska E.

Przegląd Górniczy

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2014

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T. 70, nr 4

114--118

PL

W artykule przypomniano historię dziejów miasta Przybram, a także poruszono zagadnienia z zakresu dawnego górnictwa rud srebra, cynku i ołowiu w obszarze Brezovych Hor. Omówiono zarys budowy geologicznej tego obszaru oraz krótko scharakteryzowano występujące tu minerały rudne i towarzyszące. Zaprezentowano ponadto dane dotyczące występowania, warunków eksploatacji i wielkości wydobycia rud uranu na tym terenie.

EN

This paper presents the history of the city of Przybram as well as old-time mining issues for silver ore, zinc ore and lead ore in the area of Brezove Hory. The geological structure of this area was discussed and the existing ore minerals and accompanying minerals characterized. Finally, data on the occurrence, exploitation conditions and output size of uran ore were presented.

14

Flotation of components of Polish copper ores using n-dodecane as a collector

Bakalarz A.

Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

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2011

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Vol. 47

229-236

EN

Investigations on influence of aqueous emulsion of n-dodecane on flotation of sulfides and organic-carbon-containing shale from Legnica-Glogow Copper Basin (LGOM, Poland) are presented in the paper. Seven flotation experiments were conducted. Each flotation feed consisted of dolomite, quartz and one of following components: chalcopyrite, chalcocite, bornite, covellite, galena and shale containing organic carbon. The results indicate that chalcopyrite, bornite, covellite and shale float well in the presence of 200 g/Mg of n-dodecane and in a short period of time. Chalcocite and galena do not float with n-dodecane, even when the dose of the nonpolar collector for chalcocite flotation is increased. The studies explain a selective influence of the nonpolar collector on flotation of the copper sulfides ore from LGOM.

PL

W pracy przedstawiono wyniki flotacji głównych minerałów siarczkowych oraz łupka pochodzących z rejonu Legnicko-Głogowskiego Okręgu Miedziowego w obecności apolarnego odczynnika zbierającego. Zbadano wpływ wodnej emulsji n-dodekanu na flotowalność kolejno: chalkozynu, chalkopirytu, covellinu, bornitu, galeny oraz łupka w mieszaninie z dolomitem oraz kwarcem. Badania przeprowadzono dla wąskiej klasy ziarnowej 40-71 µm, a zawartość poszczególnych minerałów w produktach flotacji oznaczano mikroskopowo przy użyciu specjalistycznego oprogramowania. W obecności n-dodekanu w ilości 200 g/Mg zaobserwowano flotację chalkopirytu, bornitu, covellinu oraz łupka. Galena oraz chalkozyn nie uległy procesowi flotacji. Według dotychczas opublikowanych wyników badań flotacji siarczkowych rud miedzi, stwierdzono, że tylko część nośników miedzi wykazuje flotowalność w obecności olejów. Prawdopodobnie, stwierdzony brak flotowalności chalkozynu, a być może także innych siarczków miedzi nieanalizowanych w pracy, jest przyczyną gorszych wskaźników wzbogacalności procesów flotacji rud miedzi w obecności olejów. Dobra flotowalność łupka, który jest nośnikiem węgla organicznego, potwierdza wysokie uzyski tego składnika w procesach flotacji krajowej rudy miedzi w obecności odczynnika apolarnego. Zagadnienie wymaga dalszych szczegółowych badań

15

Strefowość wzrostu kryształów galeny z kopalni Bolesław koło Olkusza (region śląsko-krakowski)

Natkaniec-Nowak L., Pawlikowski M., Sikora M., Tarkowski J.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2007

|

Vol. 55, nr 6

498-502

EN

Idiomorphic galena crystals occurring within Triassic dolomites from the Bolesław mine near Olkusz were the subject of the study. The samples were collected from vein-pocket-like aggregates of galena, where two stages of mineralization were distinguished. Polished samples were etched with HCl (1:3). Etching revealed the growth zones of PbS crystals. Subsequently, decrepitation, chemical and X-ray analyses were applied. Two decrepitation effects, recorded at the maximum at 150-180°C and 250-300°C, are related to decrepitation of the two inclusion types. The chemical composition and unit cell size vary within the individual growth zones of the crystals. It can be concluded that during growth of the galena crystals the physico-chemical conditions were not stable.

16

Ksantogenianowa hydrofobizacja siarczków lubińskich złóż miedziowych

Lekki J.J.

Cuprum : czasopismo naukowo-techniczne górnictwa rud

|

2006

|

nr 2

3-92

PL

W monografii w szczegółowy sposób opisano mechanizmy hydrofobizacji najważniejszych siarczków LGOM-u w roztworach wodnych bez obecności substancji hydrofobizujących oraz w obecności ksantogenianów stosowanych do flotacji. Rozpatrzono chalkozyn, kowelin, galenę, chalkopiryt, bornit oraz piryt. Zaproponowane mechanizmy hydrofobizacji oparte zostały o dane woltamperometryczne, pomiary kąta zwilżania na elektrodach siarczkowych w roztworach o różnych pH oraz przy zmiennych stężeniach ksantogenianu i przyłożonego potencjału, a także badania flotacyjne oraz adsorpcyjne. Przeprowadzone rozważania pozwoliły na wyznaczenie zależności Eh-pH uwzględniających stabilne i metastabilne fazy układu. Istnienie tych faz powiązano z różnymi typami hydrofobowości tj. hydrofobowością naturalną, bezkolektorową, ksantogenianową oraz hydrofilnością dla rozważanych siarczków w różnych warunkach.

EN

The mechanisms of hydrophobization of the main sulfides of the Polish Lubin-Glogow Copper Region in aqueous solutions in the absence of hydrophobization reagents and in the presence of xanthates used for flotation have been presented. Chalcocite, covellite, galena, chalcopyrite, bornite, and pyrite have been considered. The proposed mechanisms of hydrophobization have been based on such measurements as voltammetry, contact angle on sulfide electrodes at different pH's, concentrations of xanthates, applied potentials, as well floatation and adsorption measurements. The presented considerations provided Eh-pH relations based on different stable and metastable phases of the systems. The different phases have been found responsible for various types of hydrophobicities including natural, collectorless, xanthate hydrophobicity as well as hydrophilicity of the considered sulfides under various conditions.

17

Elektrokinetyka i flotowalność wybranych siarczków miedzi oraz galeny w roztworach CuSO4

Ociepa Z.

Gospodarka Surowcami Mineralnymi

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2003

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T. 19, z. 3

35-49

PL

Przedmiotem badań były wybrane siarczki miedzi, takie jak : chalkozyn, bornit i chalkopiryt oraz galena. W wyniku doświadczeń flotacyjnych stwierdzono, że w obecności siarczanu miedzi wszystkie badane minerały ulegały depresji, jednak w stopniu zróżnicowanym w zależności od czasu flotacji, ilości CuSO4 oraz sposobu jego podawania (przed czy po dodaniu ksantogenianu). W całym badanym zakresie stężeń CuSO4 (50-300 g/Mg) najsilniejszej depresji ulegał chalkozyn, niezależnie od czasu flotacji i sposobu podawania odczynników. Najmniejszej depresji ulegała galena. Flotowalność pozostałych siarczków (chalkopirytu, bornitu) w znaczącym stopniu zależała od wymienionych parametrów flotacji. Wraz z wydłużaniem czasu flotacji rósł wychód chalkopirytu i malały różnice pomiędzy wychodami galeny i wychodami siarczków miedzi. Można wnioskować, że selektywny rozdział omawianych siarczków miedzi od galeny, w obecności siarczanu miedzi będzie w sposób istotny zależał od ich ilościowego udziału w nadawie kierowanej do flotacji. Wyznaczone wartości elektrokinetycznego potencjału dzeta wykazały, że zarówno w wodzie destylowanej, jak i w obecności siarczanu miedzi badane siarczki wykazywały ujemne wartości potencjału dzeta.

EN

Subject of investigations was of copper sulfides such as chalcocite, bornite and chalcopiryte as well as galena. As result of flotation investigations it has been noted that in the presence of copper sulfate all the tested minerals underwent depression though to a different degree depending on the time of flotation, amount of CuSO4 and the time it was supplied - before or after xanthate. In the whole tested range of concentrations (50-300 g/Mg) chalcocite underwent the greatest depression regardless the time of flotation and the way of supplying the reagents. Galena underwent the least depression. Flotability of the remaining sulfides depended, to a considerable degree on the mentioned flotation parameters. Together with the extension of flotation time, flotability of chalcopyrite increased and differences between the flows-off of galena and those of copper sulfides decreased. It can be concluded that the selective separation of the discussed copper sulfides from galena in the presence of copper sulfates will depend considenably on their participation in the feed given to flotation. Results of the elektrocinetic potential dzeta showed that both in distilled water and in the presence of copper sulfate, the tested sulfides showed negative values of the potential.

18

Dextrins as selective flotation depressants for sulfide minerals

Drzymała J., Tomasik P., Sychowska B., Sikora M.

Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

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2002

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Vol. 36

273-278

EN

Dextrins from thermal modification of potato starch under ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, and gluten were tested as flotation depressants of galena and chalcocite in a Hallimond cell with xanthate to make the sulfides hydrophobic. All dextrins, except prepared under hydrogen sulfide, depressed flotation of the sulfides. The cessation of flotation occurred at different doses of dextrins, usually between 2 and 20 kg per ton of the floated material. Dextrins from starches thermally modified under ammonia were found to be promising selective depressants in the studies with model (1:1) mixtures of galena and chalcocite but poor separation was achieved with copper ore containing lead minerals. The separation of galena from chalcocite form synthetic mixtures was also poor in the presence of gluten-modified dextrins.

PL

Dekstryny, otrzymane przez termiczną modyfikację skrobi ziemniaczanej w obecności amoniaku, siarczku sodu oraz glutenu, zastosowano jako depresory ksantogenianowej flotacji galeny i chalkozynu. Pomiary przeprowadzono we flotowniku Hallimonda. Badane dekstryny, z wyjątkiem tej która była modyfikowana siarkowodorem, depresowały flotację zarówno chalkozynu jak i galeny, gdy minerały te poddawano flotacji osobno. Zanik flotacji miał miejsce przy różnych stężeniach dekstryn, ale zwykle miało to miejsce przy użycie od 2 do 20 kg na megagram flotowanego materiału. Dekstryny otrzymane przez termiczną modyfikację amoniakiem okazały się obiecującymi selektywnymi depresorami ksantogenianowej flotacji, gdy badania prowadzono z udziałem modelowych mieszanin czystych minerałów galeny i chalkozynu, ale uzyskano słabą selektywność procesu, gdy do badań użyto rudy miedzi zamierającej także minerały ołowiu. Rozdział galeny od chalkozynu zawartych w syntetycznych mieszaninach obu minerałów była słaba, gdy jako depresora użyto skrobi modyfikowanej glutenem.

19

Collectorless flotation of lead and zinc sulphide from Dereköy ore deposite

Ceylan H., Hýçyilmaz C., Güler T.

Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

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2002

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Vol. 36

197-208

PL

Przeprowadzono badania procesu flotacji bez użycia kolektora siarczkowej rudy ołowiu i cynku, stosując siarczek sodu. Badano wpływ stężenia siarczku sodu, czasu kondycjonowania oraz pH zawiesiny flotacyjnej na parametry wzbogacania cynku i ołowiu. Określono także wpływ czyszczenia koncentratu na proces wzbogacania. Otrzymane wyniki z flotacji bez użycia kolektora porównano z wynikami, jakie uzyskano stosując szereg znanych kolektorów.

20

Okruszcowanie Pb i Zn w złożu rud miedzi - kopalnia Lubin

Stala-Szlugaj K.

Gospodarka Surowcami Mineralnymi

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2002

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T. 18, z. 3

15-28

PL

W niniejszym artykule, na podstawie badań mineralogicznych i chemicznych podjęto próbę charakterystyki mineralizacji Pb i Zn w złożu rud miedzi, w obrębie kopalni Lubin. Badania przeprowadzono na 39 profilach pionowych do badań mineralogicznych i chemicznych. Próby do badań mineralogicznych pobierane były w taki sposób, aby reprezentowały wszystkie typy skał występujących w badanym fragmencie złoża (tj. piaskowiec, łupek i dolomit), a próby do badań chemicznych - rudę piaskowcową, łupkową i węglanową (n = 124 próby bruzdowe). Podjęto również próbę określenia charakterystyki występowania Pb, Zn i Cu w pobranych profilach pionowych oraz prześledzenia poziomego rozprzestrzenienia ołowiu i cynku w obrębie bilansowego złoża rud miedzi w badanym fragmencie kopalni Lubin.

EN

The study on Pb and Zn mineralization in typical section of copper ore deposit (southern part of the Lubin-Małomice area) are presented in the paper. The samples were collected in 39 vertical profiles, and next have been done the mineralogical and chemical researches. The study samples represented all of the lithological types of rocks, i.e. the sandstone, the Kupferschiefer and the dolomite. The samples for chemical analysis have been collected using channel sampling method, and represent all of the lithological types of copper ores. The sandstone sections were divided into two parts: upper (0.5 m of thickness) and lower (over part). The mineralogical study has proved, that in southern part of the Lubin-Małomice area the copper sulfides are the major Cu-phases, and minor are chalcocite, covellite and digenite. The main Pb and Zn minerals are sphalerite and galena, which in the study are occur occasionally, and the highest concentrations were observed in the Kupferschiefer and in the upper most part at the sandstone. Both, horizontal and vertical distribution of Pb, Zn and Cu were studied in the all collected vertical profiles. In the most of these profiles (80%), the maximal concentration of Pb, Zn and Cu has been observed within the Kupferschiefer ore. The horizontal distribution of Pb and Zn within the sandstone-ore, shale-ore and in economic deposit in researched part of the deposit have also been studied. There were not observed any new rules regulating the distribution of lead and zinc in studied area of copper ore deposit. The lead and zinc concentration are less than 0.01% in the area of more than a half of studied part of the copper ore deposit. However, it was noticed that the areas of highest lead concentrations - >0.36% Pb and zinc concentrations - >0.14% Zn forms the isolated centers, which area are from 0.15 to 2.0 km2 in case of Pb and up to 0.009 km2 in case of Zn.