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1

Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) in Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA): principles and practical implications for industrial projects

Rybaczewska-Błażejowska M., Palekhov D.

Management

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2018

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Vol. 22, no. 1

138--153

EN

This article discusses the theoretical and practical aspects of the application of the life cycle assessment (LCA) technique in the environmental impact assessment (EIA) process. LCA enables to consider the environmental impacts of the whole production system, including upstream and downstream processes and to estimate their consequences already at the project planning stage. It was illustrated using the case study of the planned furniture production plant representing the industrial sector. The conventional simplified cradle-to-gate LCA analysis, using SimaPro software and the ReCiPe Endpoint method, was performed. It revealed that unlike the findings of EIA made with the support of traditional methods, not waste, airborne emissions and noise, but the particleboard and the fibre-board used by the planned furniture production plant have the most detrimental impact on the environment in all impact categories. The greatest damage it causes in the areas of protection of resources followed by ecosystems. The research proved high applicability of EIALCA approach for the evaluation of the environmental impacts of planned industrial projects.

PL

W artykule omówiono teoretyczne i praktyczne aspekty stosowania techniki oceny cyklu życia (LCA) w procesie oceny oddziaływania na środowisko (OOŚ). LCA umożliwia uwzględnienie wpływu całego systemu produkcyjnego na środowisko, w tym również procesów powiązanych z etapem łańcucha dostaw, użytkowania i zagospodarowania odpadów oraz oszacowanie ich skutków dla środowiska już na etapie planowania projektu. Zostało to zilustrowane na podstawie studium przypadku - rozbudowy zakładu produkcji mebli. W tym celu wykonano konwencjonalną uproszczoną analizę LCA od kołyski do bramy, przy wykorzystaniu oprogramowania SimaPro i metody ReCiPe Endpoint. Badania wykazały, że w przeciwieństwie do wyników OOŚ wykonanej przy użyciu tradycyjnych metod, to nie wytwarzanie odpadów, emisja zanieczyszczeń oraz hałas stanowić będą największe obciążenie dla środowiska, wynikające z eksploatacji powstającego zakładu produkcji mebli, ale zużycie zasobów (płyty wiórowej i płyty pilśniowej) ma najwyższy procentowy udział we wszystkich kategoriach wpływu. Największe szkody wywołuje w obszarach zużycie zasobów oraz ekosystemów. Badania wykazały wysoką przydatność podejścia EIA-LCA do oceny wpływu na środowisko planowanych projektów przemysłowych.

2

The competitiveness of Polish furniture exports

Augustyniak D., Mińska-Struzik E.

Drewno : prace naukowe, doniesienia, komunikaty

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2018

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vol. 61, nr 202

21--38

EN

This paper examines the competitiveness of Polish exports of furniture using data on value added in exports. Based on the OECD/Eurostat TEC and TiVA databases, we assess the propensity and intensity of exporting by different types of Polish furniture producers. Then we examine the domestic and foreign contributions to gross exports and analyse the participation of the Polish furniture industry in global value chains. Our analysis covers the years 2002-2011 and includes comparisons with other CEE countries (Bulgaria, Croatia, the Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Lithuania, Latvia, Romania, Slovakia and Slovenia) and leading European exporters of furniture (Italy and Germany). The results indicate that the patterns of gross trade in furniture differ from value added trade patterns, and that Polish furniture exports are not as competitive in value added terms as in gross terms. Furthermore, the share of foreign value added in gross exports increases along with the proportion of those exports accounted for by exports of intermediate products. The data indicate that the countries’ backward participation in GVCs increased in the years 2002-2011. This may generate both opportunities and risks, which are discussed in the paper.

3

Employees motivation in two wood industry companies in Croatia

Jelacic D.

Production Engineering Archives

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2016

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Vol. 13, No. 4

2--6

EN

This research analysed the motivating and demotivating factors amongst employees in two wood processing companies in Croatia. Research was conducted over the year 2014 and 2015, during the economic recovery of the companies and Croatian economy in general. Research was conducted with a survey using a questionnaire containing six questions with multiple choice statements. The questions were closed-ended, and respondents used the Likert four-level scale of importance for each statement. A total of 180 employees were surveyed, and results were statistically processed by using the χ2- test and cluster analysis. This study established that the motivation factors most important to employees between researched companies are significantly different. Employees were most concerned about social needs. Also, employees consider psychological circumstances of work to be very important. Employees’ overall motivation can be linked to higher efficiency and higher quality production and business results, and such research should be conducted more often.