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The modeling and forecasting of fuel and energy resources usage in the context of the energy independence of Ukraine

Andrusiv Uliana, Zelinska Halyna, Galtsova Olga, Kupalova Halyna, Goncharenkо Nataliia

Polityka Energetyczna

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2021

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T. 24, z. 1

29--48

EN

The article analyzes the structure of energy resources, as a result of which the reasons for their irrational use in the Ukrainian economy are revealed. It has been established that during 2014–2018 there was a decrease in demand for traditional types of fuel and energy resources (FER), except for coal. The components of the process of supply and consumption of fuel and energy resources have been formed and detailed, and an integrated approach to their rational use has been developed, which will reduce the loss of energy resources and increase their efficiency. The author’s approach is used in the form of visualized schemes for organizing the process of the rational use of energy resources, which will contribute to the implementation of an effective energy saving policy of the state, ensuring the competitive advantages of domestic enterprises, increasing their competitiveness, improving the economic and energy security of Ukraine. The expediency of constructing deterministic economic models for providing the Ukrainian economy according to different (adaptive and multiplicative) convolutions was substantiated and proved, on the basis of which a forecast and assessment of the energy independence of the Ukrainian economy until 2035, taking into account fuel and energy resources, was proposed. Based on the calculations, it was established that the state of energy independence of Ukraine is insufficient.

PL

W artykule dokonano analizy struktury zasobów energetycznych, w której wyniku ujawniono przyczyny ich nieracjonalnego wykorzystania w ukraińskiej gospodarce. Ustalono, że w latach 2014–2018 nastąpił spadek zapotrzebowania na tradycyjne rodzaje paliw i surowców energetycznych, z wyjątkiem węgla. Elementy składowe procesu zaopatrzenia i zużycia paliw i surowców energetycznych zostały określone w sposób szczegółowy oraz wypracowano zintegrowane podejście do ich racjonalnego wykorzystania, które ograniczy utratę zasobów energetycznych i zwiększy ich efektywność. Autorskie podejście wykorzystywane jest w postaci poglądowych schematów organizacji procesu racjonalnego wykorzystania surowców energetycznych, co przyczyni się do realizacji skutecznej polityki oszczędzania energii w kraju, zapewniając przewagę konkurencyjną rodzimym przedsiębiorstwom poprzez zwiększenie ich atrakcyjności, poprawę bezpieczeństwa gospodarczego i energetycznego Ukrainy. Uzasadniono i udowodniono celowość konstruowania deterministycznych modeli ekonomicznych ukraińskiej gospodarki według różnych (adaptacyjnych i multiplikatywnych) splotów funkcji, na podstawie których przedstawiono prognozę i ocenę niezależności energetycznej ukraińskiej gospodarki do 2035 roku, z uwzględnieniem paliw i zasobów energetycznych. Na podstawie obliczeń ustalono, że stan niezależności energetycznej Ukrainy jest niewystarczający.

2

Objectivation of the ecological and economic losses from solid domestic waste at the heating enterprises

Panchenko Olga, Domashenko Maryna, Lyulyov Oleksii, Dalevska Nataliya, Pimonenko Tetyana, Letunovska Natalia

Management Systems in Production Engineering

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2021

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nr 3 (29)

235--241

EN

The aim of this research is to study theoretical and practical aspects of the ecological and economic losses from the use of solid domestic waste (SDW) as energy resources in the heat power industry of Ukraine. The methodical approaches to evaluating the ecological and economic losses caused by solid domestic waste (SDW) comprise: the developed algorithm, which evaluates the ecological and economic losses in the SDW use as fuel and energy resources in comparison with basic and project variant; the investigated morphological composition of SDW in the Ukrainian regions, on the basis of which there is proposed a matrix for further calculations of the ecological and economic loss from atmospheric pollution as a result of the energy-intensive SDW combustion at the power plants by the Ukrainian regions. The efficiency of using SDW as secondary energy resources, which essentially depends on the conventional energy resources combustion, is proved. According to the chemical and morphological composition of SDW, the average amount of harmful substances by their element constituents of SDW is determined. The economic loss from the combusting 1 ton of SDW as energy resources is estimated. Reasonability of using SDW as energy resources, based on the optimal ratio between conventional resources and energy-intensive SDW through minimizing total production costs and possible ecological and economic loss, is grounded. It is proved that while estimating the ecological and economic losses, it is necessary to consider the SDW morphological composition and regional specific features regarding the location of heat and power enterprises and organized storage landfills. It is grounded that the obtained estimates of the ecological and economic losses may be used for identifying the ecological and economic evaluation of the SDW efficiency use in the heat power industry at the regional level.

3

Analysis of measures to enhance energy efficiency and sustainable development of the gas transmission system of Ukraine

Rybitskyi Ihor V., Slobodyan Mykyta B., Kogut Galyna M., Popovych Vasyl Ya, Karpash Maksym O.

New Trends in Production Engineering

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2019

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Vol. 2, Iss. 1

432--440

EN

The requirements of the fundamental normative documents in Public Joint Stock Company "UKRTRANSGAS", regulating activities in the sphere of energy efficiency, are considered and analyzed. The procedure for implementation of energy saving measures and controlling over their implementation is presented. The analysis of planned and actual indicators of fuel and energy resources saving has been carried out. The ways to improve energy efficiency with the use of renewable energy sources are given.

4

Methods of calculation line optimum travel of trains with consideration of longitudinal dynamic efforts

Lingaitis L., Vaičiūnas G., Liudvinavičius L., Jevdomacha G.

Transport Problems

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2013

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T. 8, z. 2

25--34

EN

The paper examines the main provisions of the methods used for optimization of station-to-station travel time taken (according to the criteria of minimum fuel consumption for haulage) for freight long train timing with consideration of longitudinal dynamic efforts. A hybrid mathematical model of long train travel is developed, where in one case of travel the train is considered as a flexible non-extensible line with a variable running weight, in other cases the train is considered as a system of weights connected by nonlinear deformable elements with a consideration of gap clearance in a draft. The model allows essentially reducing the time of solving the problem. The problem of selecting an optimum mode of train operation with consideration of longitudinal dynamic efforts and use of method of dynamic programming in a discrete form was set..

RU

Рассмотрены основные положения методики оптимизации (по критерию минимума расхода топлива на тягу) перегонных времен хода к графику движения грузовых длинносоставных поездов с учѐтом продольных динамических усилий. Разработана гибридная математическая модель движения длинносоставного поезда, в которой в одних случаях движения поезд рассматривается, как гибкая нерастяжимая нить с переменной погонной массой, в других, как система масс, соединенных нелинейными деформируемыми элементами, учитывающими наличие зазоров в упряжи. Такая модель позволяет существенно сократить время решения задачи. Поставлена задача выбора оптимального режима ведения поезда с учетом продольных динамических усилий с использованием метода динамического программирования в дискретной форме