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Non-traditional maritime security threats. The dynamic of ASEAN cooperation

Rosnani R., Heryadi D., Yani Y.M., Sinaga O.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2022

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Vol. 16 No. 3

419--425

EN

This article attempts to analyze ASEAN’s response to maritime security cooperation. As an organization in Southeast Asia, ASEAN needs to establish good maritime cooperation to protect the various interests of the members and the busy SLOCs as well. The author uses cooperative security to analyze ASEAN maritime security cooperation and identifies sources of cooperative maritime security to explain their willingness to join or not to join a cooperation agreement. This article shows that there is an overlap of cooperation as the result of different in terms of prioritization, capability, and especially perspective regarding the absolute and collective gain that leads to ineffective cooperation. In addition, there are no legally binding frameworks as an outcome from formed cooperation beside a series of dialogues between ASEAN members. But, although each country has different priorities, capability, interest and perspectives, the Cooperative security may become a bridge to overcome the difference. It is possible as the ASEAN members keep showing their willingness to overcome maritime issue by doing bilateral, trilateral, and multilateral cooperation.

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Prawna problematyka wysp na morzu południowochińskim a wolność żeglugi : wybrane zagadnienia

Łaski M.

Gospodarka Materiałowa i Logistyka

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2018

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nr 12

751--759, CD

PL

Status prawny wysp w międzynarodowym prawie morza uregulowany został postanowieniami Konwencji o prawie morza z 1982 r. Unormowania z niej wynikające, choć wskazują na kryteria definicyjne wyspy, budzą wątpliwości interpretacyjne. Są one pogłębione w stosunku do problematyki sztucznych wysp, które to pojęcie jest niezdefiniowane na gruncie prawa międzynarodowego. Negatywnym tego skutkiem jest możliwość nadinterpretacji obu pojęć, celem uzyskania korzystnych dla państwa nadbrzeżnego rozstrzygnięć względem obszarów morskich. Morze Południowochińskie wydaje się być obecnie akwenem, na którym działalność ta, a przynajmniej jej próby, jest w obecnej dobie praktykowana. Może to potencjalnie prowadzić do niepożądanych skutków dal wolności żeglugi, zatem również transportu w tym regionie Azji, do czego wstępem jest militaryzacja części archipelagów, wysp i sztucznych wysp Morza Południowochińskiego.

EN

The legal status of the islands in international sea law has been regulated by the provisions of the 1982 Convention on the Law of the Sea. Norms indicate the definitional criteria of the island, but they raise interpretation doubts. They are deepened in relation to the problem of artificial islands, which concept is undefined on the ground of international law. A negative consequence of this is the over-interpretation of both concepts, for obtaining favorable solutions for the coastal state for maritime areas. The South China Sea seems to be now a basin where this activity, or at least its attempts, is practiced in the present. This can potentially lead to undesirable consequences for the freedom of navigation, including transport in this region of Asia, which is the introduction of militarization of some of the archipelagos, islands and artificial islands of the South China Sea.

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Safety of Navigation and Spatial Planning at Sea

Hajduk J.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2009

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Vol. 3, no. 3

261--266

EN

Until recently the concept of spatial planning concerned only land areas, chaos prevailing at sea in this scope. Vessel routes were selected by the Master on the principle of “freedom of navigation”. It was similar with the submarine routes of pipelines and cables, wind farm construction zones, excavation of aggregates, or the conduct of any human activity at sea. A systemic approach is introduced and preferred currently, which is to take into consideration the natural conditions and human achievements on one hand, and look ahead on the other, systematising procedural ac-tivities and minimising possible conflicts of interests among potential users of the sea.