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A 4-link model of a human for simulating a forward fall

Grzelczyk D., Biesiacki P., Mrozowski J., Awrejcewicz J.

Vibrations in Physical Systems

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2018

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Vol. 29

art. no. 2018008

EN

In this paper we consider a 4-link model of a human for simulating a forward fall. The model implemented in Mathematica is constructed based on a planar mechanical system with a non-linear impact law modelling the wrist-ground contact. The segments of the human body are modelled as bodies connected by rotary elements which correspond to the human joints. Parameters and kinematic relations used in numerical analysis are obtained based on the 3D scanned model of the human body created in Inventor and experimental observation by the motion capture system. Validation of the model is conducted by means of comparing the simulation of the impact force with the experimental data obtained from the force platform. The obtained ground reaction forces can be useful for the finite element analysis of the numerical model of the human upper extremity.

2

Dynamic simulation of a novel “broomstick” human forward fall model and finite element analysis of the radius under the impact force during fall

Grzelczyk D., Biesiacki P., Mrozowski J., Awrejcewicz J.

Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics

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2018

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Vol. 56 nr 1

239--253

EN

The paper presents dynamic simulation and experimental identification of a human forward fall model describing the process of “falling like a broomstick” on the outstretched arms. The model implemented in Mathematica allows one to estimate time histories of the ground reaction force in different scenarios of the fall process. These time series are applied as time-varying load conditions to the numerical analysis of the human radial bone model created from the computed tomography data. Finally, the obtained numerical results indicate that the strain criterion seems to be more useful for estimating the radius fracture site in comparison to the stress criterion.

3

Model numeryczny kończyny górnej człowieka i jego analiza w aspekcie upadków do przodu

Biesiacki A., Grzelczyk D., Mrozowski J., Awrajcewicz J.

Aktualne Problemy Biomechaniki

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2017

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z. 12

5--14

PL

Praca przedstawia model numeryczny kończyny górnej człowieka przydatny do analizy ryzyka złamania kości kończyny podczas upadku do przodu. W odróżnieniu od innych modeli spotykanych w literaturze, proponowany w tej pracy model uwzględnia wszystkie trzy główne kości kończyny górnej połączone powierzchniami stawowymi w stawie łokciowym i nadgarstkowym przy zastosowaniu kontaktu typu bonded jako jeden złożony układ biomechaniczny. Analizę dynamiczną przeprowadzono dla różnych konfiguracji kości przedramienia, wykorzystując dwa kryteria wytrzymałościowe do oceny potencjalnych miejsc złamań kości kończyny.

EN

The paper presents numerical model of the human upper extremity useful for the analysis of the upper extremity bones fracture risk during the falling process in a forward direction. Unlike previous models met in literature, the proposed in this paper model considers all three main upper extremity bones connected in the elbow and wrist joints by the bonded type contact as one complex biomechanical system. Transient analysis has been carried out for different forearm configurations by using two strength criteria to estimate possible sites of upper extremity bone fractures.