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A novel method for the strain strengthening of metastable austenitic stainless steel dome by deep cryogenic forming

Cheng Wangjun, Zeng Yue, Cui Dongdong, Sun Yaoning, Man Jiao

Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering

2024

Vol. 24, no. 2

art. no. e120, 2024

To enhance the strength of metastable austenitic stainless steel (ASS) sheet components, a novel method was proposed for the strengthening of a metastable ASS dome by a newly designed bulging device under deep cryogenic conditions. The load curves, Vickers microhardness, thickness distribution, and deformation law of formed dome components at room temperature (RT) and cryogenic temperature (CT) were discussed in detail. The strengthening mechanism of metastable ASS domes was elucidated by phase transformation, and the evolutions of grain boundary and dislocation at RT and CT, respectively. It is found that the strength of metastable ASS domes at CT increases with increasing strain. The strengthening effect of the metastable ASS sheet under biaxial stress state is significantly enhanced. Less martensite is generated at a low plastic strain, and the stability of the austenite phase is noticeably decreased under a large strain at CT. The dislocation distribution at RT is relatively uniform and is not accumulated at grain boundaries, while numerous dislocations at CT are apparently distributed near grain boundaries. The forming of metastable ASS domes at deep cryogenic temperatures is accommodated by both dislocation slip and martensitic transformation. Hence, the strength of metastable ASS thin-walled domes is significantly improved.