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Do commonly used postoperative orthopaedic shoes help off-load the forefoot?

Stawińska Magdalena, Kołodziejski Paweł, Wiszomirska Ida, Baran Mateusz, Wit Andrzej

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics

2021

Vol. 23, no. 2

115--122

Purpose: The aim of the experiment presented in this study was to determine the pressure distribution within the forefoot depending on the type of orthopaedic footwear used. Methods: The study included 27 women aged 20 to 25. The Zebris FDM-2 dynamographic platform was used in foot pressure measurements. The load distribution was measured in three types of orthopaedic footwear: MedSurg, MedSurgPro and OrthoWedge. The full gait cycle was recorded. The Cavanagh masks were applied to the load distribution results processed into a graphic form. The data were analysed using Statistica v.13.1. Results: In the forefoot area, i.e. the metatarsal bones and toes 1–5, the lowest loads were reported in the shoes that off-load the forefoot (0.2 N/cm2, p < 0.001). In the area of the first to fifth metatarsal bones and the hallux, the highest load was observed in the rocker shoe, accounting for 19.7 N/cm2 (p < 0.001). For comparison, high pressure in the flat shoe was found in the area of toes 2 to 5 (p < 0.001). Conclusions: In the area of the metatarsal and toe bones, the pressure exerted was highest in the commonly used rocker shoe. The flat shoe provides an even and uniform load in all areas of the forefoot, while this type of shoe does not significantly reduce the pressure forces on the forefoot. The shoe that was the most effective in off-loading was the forefoot off-loading shoe (OrthoWedge). Barefoot walking puts less load on the forefoot compared to the flat and rocker shoes used after orthopaedic procedures.

Impact of body weight on shifting of foot pressure among adult subjects

Youssef Enas F., Shanb Alsayed A., Ameer Mariam A., Shanab Mahmoud E.

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics

2020

Vol. 22, no. 2

131--137

Purpose: The aim of the study was to compare the distribution of foot plantar pressure between normal and obese adult subjects during walking. Methods: Sixty male and female adult volunteers (aged 20–40) were recruited into the study. They were equally divided into 30 normal subjects (BMI = 18.5–22.9 kg/cm2 ) into group I and 30 obese subjects (BMI ≥ 25.0 kg/cm2 ) into group II, according to their BMI. Results: There were statistically significant differences between normal and obese subjects in foot length, width, and pressure distribution in the hindfoot, midfoot, forefoot, and toes. There was a statistically significant increase in the plantar pressure of all measured areas in obese persons in comparison with the normal subjects. In addition, all measures of foot pressure showed statistically significant differences between the same sex of both groups, while the obese subjects of both genders have higher foot pressure in all measured areas. High positive correlations were detected between BMI, peak pressure, foot contact, and foot width in both groups, but there was a weak positive correlation between normal BMI and foot contact area. Conclusion: The distribution of plantar foot pressure is different in adult obese subjects than in normal adult subjects during walking activity. The obese persons have larger foot length, width, higher peak pressure, and contact area. This study can help physical therapists to understand the differences of foot pressure between normal and obese subjects, and consequently, to detect any expected foot abnormalities accompanied by obesity.