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The Occurrence of Diatoms from Genus Kobayasiella in Southern Poland

Noga Teresa, Poradowska Anita

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 23, nr 4

197--200

EN

The Kobayasiella genus develops mostly in oligoor dystrophic freshwaters with low to medium electrolyte content. The studies carried out from 2008 to 2016 in southern Poland showed the presence of four Kobayasiella species. These species usually occurred individually in peatland areas or in the upper sections of small rivers and streams. The species presented in the study were most frequently found in oligotrophic peatbogs, characterized by acidic or very acidic waters with low or medium conductivity values.

2

Hydromorphological Index for Rivers (HIR): A New Method for Hydromorphological Assessment and Classification for Flowing Waters in Poland

Szoszkiewicz Krzysztof, Jusik Szymon, Gebler Daniel, Achtenberg Krzysztof, Adynkiewicz-Piragas Mariusz, Radecki-Pawlik Artur, Okruszko Tomasz, Giełczewski Marek, Marcinkowski Paweł, Pietruczuk Karol, Przesmycki Marcin, Nawrocki Przemysław, Chmist Joanna, Szostak Marta

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2020

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Vol. 21, nr 8

261--271

EN

The method based on original metric called Hydromorphological Index for Rivers (HIR) was developed in 2017 for the purpose of the monitoring of the hydromorphological status of flowing waters in Poland. It fulfils the requirements of the EU Water Framework Directive (WFD). It allows the assessment of both lowland rivers as well as mid-altitude and highland streams. The proposed system can be used to assess the natural and heavily modified rivers as well as artificial channels. The basis of the proposed system is a field survey, which is supplemented by the analysis of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) data and remote sensing materials. The analysis of the GIS data and remote sensing materials already enable to estimate preliminary classification of the hydromorphological status of the non-surveyed water bodies. On the basis of the field survey, the principal HIR value can be estimated for the considered river site and comparing with the reference conditions, the hydromorphological quality status in the five-class system can be calculated. The properly selected, representative survey sites (one or more depending on the heterogeneity of the environment), enable the classification and evaluation of entire surface water bodies in the framework of the national environmental monitoring. The GIS component of the HIR proved to be useful in verifying the determination of heavily modified water bodies and in assessing the needs of river restoration. It was also applied in the development of the National river restoration program for predicting the impact of the proposed restoration measure on the state of hydromorphology.

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The effect of selected hydromorphological parameters on the state of aquatic vegetation in the Chechło river

Bedla D., Misztal A., Krużel J., Chmielowski K.

Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich

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2016

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nr III/1

705--714

EN

The development of vegetation in lotic waters, including macrophytes, is determined by diverse factors, including bottom substrate, flow velocity, and the width and depth of a channel, which are hydromorphological parameters. Macrophytes are higher plants of terrestrial origin which have undergone numerous adaptations enabling them to live in water (Stańczykowska, 1975). The aim of the study was to assess the effect of selected hydromorphological parameters of a watercourse on the species composition of macrophytes. The subject of the study was the Chechło River, a left tributary of the Vistula. The study was carried out in two adjacent segments of the watercourse, according to guidelines in the Macrophyte Index for Rivers (MMOR) and elements of the River Habitat Survey (RHS). The study revealed similar hydromorphological conditions in the two segments of the river, and the variation in the species composition of macrophytes in the two segments seems to be determined by other factors which were not the subject of the study. Among these, significant factors might include regulation works or the high water levels in the Chechło resulting from the construction of an impoundment. The plants identified in the two segments of the watercourse are species occurring commonly in Poland, preferring eutrophic waters and having a wide ecological tolerance.

4

Dynamika rozwoju procesów eutrofizacji w rzekach województwa podkarpackiego

Neverova-Dziopak E., Kowalewski Z.

Czasopismo Inżynierii Lądowej, Środowiska i Architektury / Journal of Civil Engineering, Environment and Architecture

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2013

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z. 60, nr 3

47--58

PL

Eutrofizacja stanowi powszechnie rozpowszechniony czynnik oddziaływania na ekosystemy wodne. Na niekorzystne konsekwencje eutrofizacji najbardziej narażone są słodkowodne jeziora i zbiorniki, lecz w ostatnich dziesięcioleciach na skutek intensywnej działalności gospodarczej zjawisko to coraz częściej występuje w wodach morskich oraz wodach płynących. W wyniku dużej dynamiczności tego procesu i jego zależności od całokształtu czynników, ocena stanu troficznego rzek jest znacznie bardziej skomplikowana, aniżeli wód stojących. Najlepiej poznaną jest prawidłowość przebiegu procesów eutrofizacji w wodach stojących – stawach i jeziorach oraz strefach przybrzeżnych mórz i oceanów. Zdecydowana większość metod oceny stanu troficznego jest opracowana również dla tych akwenów. Znacznie w mniejszym stopniu poznany jest przebieg procesów eutrofizacji ekosystemach wód płynących, których funkcjonowanie różni się od funkcjonowania ekosystemów wód stających ze względu na ich cechy charakterystyczne. Ważna rola rzek w gospodarce kraju oraz ich funkcje środowiskowe zmuszają do poszukiwania skutecznych sposobów ochrony przed eutrofizacją. Przedsięwzięcia ochronne powinny opierać się na wiarygodnej informacji o stanie faktycznym wód, uzyskanej za pomocą prostych i tanich wskaźników, nadających się również do celów aplikacyjnych. W referacie zostanie przedstawiony przegląd metod oceny stanu troficznego wód płynących stosowanych w różnych krajach oraz podstawy teoretyczne i możliwość praktycznego zastosowania opracowanej przez autorów metodologii oceny stanu troficznego oraz wyniki badań nad wieloletnią dynamiką rozwoju eutrofizacji w rzekach Województwa Podkarpackiego.

EN

Eutrophication is a widespread factor of the impact on aquatic ecosystems. The negative consequences of eutrophication are the most vulnerable in freshwater lakes and reservoirs, but in recent decades as a result intensive anthropogenic activity, this phenomenon occurs more often in marine ecosystems and running waters. As a result of high dynamism of eutrophication and its dependence on the entirety of the different factors the assessment of trophic status of the rivers of different types is much more complicated than in stagnant water. The regularity of eutrophication processes is best understood for stagnant waters – ponds, lakes and coastal areas of seas and oceans. The vast majority of trophic status assessment methods are also developed for these waters. Much less the eutrophication processes is understood for flowing water ecosystems which functioning is different from other water ecosystems due to their specific features. The important role of the rivers makes it necessary to search for effective ways of protection them against eutrophication. Protection measures should be based on reliable information about the actual state of water, obtained on the base of simple and cheap indicators, easy to interpret and suitable for solution of applied tasks. The paper presents an overview of trophic status assessment methods for running waters used in different countries, as well as theoretical basis and the possibility of practical application of theauthor’s methodology of trophic state assessment and the results of studies on long-term dynamics of eutrophication process in the rivers of different types in Subcarpathian Voivodeship.

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Przebieg procesów samooczyszczania wód rzeki Drwinki na przykładzie wskaźników tlenowych

Natkaniec J., Możdżeń M.

Gaz, Woda i Technika Sanitarna

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2012

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Nr 8

342-344

PL

Drwinka, ze względu na cechy morfologiczne koryta to ciek o charakterze nizinnym. W części górnego biegu przepływa przez teren zurbanizowany (przemysłowy, miejski), następnie przez tereny użytkowane rolniczo z zabudową rozproszonych gospodarstw wiejskich oraz zalesione tereny Puszczy Niepołomickiej, a w ujściowym biegu przez wieś Drwinię. W celu określenia zdolności cieku do samooczyszczania przeprowadzono badania zmienności tlenowych wskaźników jakości wody: BZT5, ChZT i tlen rozpuszczony, na ośmiu wybranych odcinkach badawczych, różniących się sposobem obudowy koryta oraz zagospodarowaniem terenów przyległych. Wodę do analiz pobierano w odstępach miesięcznych w latach 2009 i 2010.

EN

Drwinka river is a lowland one because of morphological features of its channel. Part of an upper reaches of the river flows through an urbanized area (industrial, urban), then it flows by areas with buildings used for agricultural and rural settlement and afforested areas of Niepołomice. In finally it runs through the Drwinia village. In order to determine self-purifying capacity of the river, studies of the variability of oxygen indicators of water quality: BOD5, COD and dissolved oxygen where conducted. The river was divided into five sections of research, which have different type of building and land use. Water samples were collected for analysis, at monthly intervals, in the year 2009 and 2010. Results of investigation can be used in planning on optimal management of catchment areas, reconstruction and maintenance of a stream channel which has an impact on its ability to self-purification and a level of water flow.

6

Woda w sztuce ogrodów

Drapella-Hermansdorfer A.

Architektura Krajobrazu

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2001

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nr 2-3

66-77

EN

The art of garden design has always combined practical and symbolic aspects. The present article focuses on the relation between beauty and function with regard to water management. Four aspects are discussed, exemplified by historic gardens: - Rainwater - connection between Heaven and Earth - Ground water - mystery of depth - Flowing water - expression of movement - Stagnant water-magic of the mirror. The author focuses on how water, in its various aspects, permeates and connects all landscape elements. The relationship between architecture of buildings and topographic features on the one hand and water drainage or collection on the other is discussed in various climatic zones. The influence of ground water on plants and landscape architecture is analysed. Referring to the gardens at Versailles, Kassel and Peterhof, the author shows the complexity and ingenuity of some systems built to supply water. Finally, the aesthetic and symbolic role of the pond, as associated with the mirror, is discussed in European parks (Versailles) and Chinese gardens.