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Annus mirabilis 1905: wtedy i dziś

Turski Ł. A.

Postępy Fizyki

2005

T. 56, z. 6

269-275

The year 1905 was an eventful year. Russian armada sent around the world to liberate Port Arthur was whipped off by the Japanese fleet in the Battle of Tsushima. Russian imperium was shaken by workers' rebellion, notably in occupied Poland. These were the front-page political items in journals around the world. On science pages events like the lectures by Svante Arrhenius or the decision to give the Nobel Prize to Philipp Lenard were discussed. In Poland, the Nobel Prize in Literature awarded to Henryk Sienkiewicz was the great event. From today's perspective all these events are dwarfed by the publication of four, not too long papers by a clerk from Swiss Federal Patent Office Albert Einstein. Each of these publications had shaken physics and resulted in changes of our civilization on a scale incomparable with any previous scientific breakthroughs. How could that happen, how were these events interwoven into the intellectual fabric of the dawn of 20th century?